- Published: June 2024
- Pages: 569
- Tables: 100
- Figures: 68
White biotechnology, also known as industrial biotechnology, harnesses the power of living cells and enzymes to create eco-friendly, sustainable products and processes. This cutting-edge field is transforming industries worldwide, offering innovative solutions for biomanufacturing, biofuels, bioplastics, and beyond. Key tools like metabolic engineering, fermentation, enzymatic biocatalysis, and directed evolution allow the biology of bacteria, yeast and algae to be optimized as microbial cell factories. Their metabolism can be tailored to convert sugars, waste lipids and even CO2 into target compounds like ethanol, organic acids, biopolymers and more. White biotechnology enables the sustainable production of both high-volume commodities as well as fine chemicals for pharmaceuticals. It allows renewable feedstocks like agricultural wastes and algae to be utilized as inputs. Biomanufacturing processes can achieve high specificity under mild conditions with far less waste than conventional chemistry.
The Global Market for White (Industrial) Biotechnology 2024-2035 is an in-depth market research report that explores the current state and future prospects of this sector. The report provides a comprehensive analysis of the white biotechnology market, covering key application areas such as biomanufacturing, biofuels, bio-based chemicals, bioplastics and biopolymers, bioremediation, biocatalysis, food and nutraceutical ingredients, agricultural biotechnology, textiles, consumer goods, biopharmaceuticals, cosmetics, surfactants and detergents, and construction materials.
The report covers the latest technological advancements driving the white biotechnology market, including synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, protein engineering, fermentation processes, and more. It also examines the various production hosts, such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, marine organisms, and photosynthetic organisms, as well as the diverse range of feedstocks used, from C1 and C2 compounds to lignocellulosic biomass, plastic waste, and CO2.
The Global Market for White (Industrial) Biotechnology 2024-2035 offers invaluable insights into the market trends, growth drivers, challenges, and opportunities shaping the future of this industry. The report features a comprehensive market analysis, including a SWOT analysis, market map, competitive landscape, and detailed profiles of over 380 key players in the white biotechnology space.
With global revenues for white biotechnology projected to soar in the coming years, this report is an essential resource for businesses, investors, and researchers seeking to capitalize on the immense potential of this sustainable, bio-based revolution.
Report contents include:
- Principles and tools of white biotechnology. Analysis of major host organisms - engineered bacteria, yeast, algae, fungi - used in industrial biotechnology.
- Key end product applications and markets. Markets covered include biofuels, renewable chemicals, bioplastics, ingredients, agriculture, cosmetics, textiles, and more. Analysis of market drivers, challenges, regulations, and outlook.
- Insights into biomanufacturing processes and scale-up for commercialization. Batch vs continuous processing, bioreactors, downstream separation, and process analytical techniques.
- Techno-economic analysis and market outlook.
- Latest trends and future opportunities.
- Global market revenues to 2035
- >380 company profiles spanning feedstock supply, biomanufacturing, and end-product companies. Analysis of how start-ups, SMEs, and large corporations are applying biotech across the value chain. Profiles include products, technical specifications and contact details. Companies profiled include Aanika Biosciences, Absci, ÄIO, Amyris, Apeel, Agrivida, Ardra Bio, BigHat Biosciences, BioAge Labs, Bioptimus, Bolt Threads, Cascade Biocatalysts, C16 Biosciences, Circe, Cradle, Danimer Scientific, Debut Biotechnology, Deepcell, Erebagen, Eligo Bioscience, Evozyne, Fermelanta, Future Fields, Geltor, Generate:Biomedicines, Gingko Bioworks, Green Bioactives, HydGene Renewables, Iambic Therapeutics, Impossible Foods, Industrial Microbes, Insilico Medicine, LanzaTech, Leash Biosciences, Metabolic Explorer, Michroma, Model Medicines, Modern Meadow, Newlight Technologies, Noetik, Novozymes, Onego Bio, Pearl Bio, Pivot Bio, Profluent Bio, Provectus Algae, Seminal Biosciences, Spiber, Succinity, Terra Bioindustries, Terray Therapeutics, Visolis, Xaira, Yali Bio and Yoneda Labs (Full list of companies profiled in table of contents).
Download table of contents (PDF)
1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 27
2 INTRODUCTION 28
- 2.1 Biotechnology "colours" 28
- 2.2 Definition 28
- 2.3 Comparison with conventional processes 29
- 2.4 Markets and applications 30
- 2.5 Advantages 32
- 2.6 Sustainability 33
- 2.7 White Biotechnology for the Circular Economy 34
- 2.7.1 Agricultural Waste 35
- 2.7.2 Forestry and Paper Waste 35
- 2.7.3 Gas Fermentation 36
- 2.7.4 Plastics Upcycling 36
- 2.7.5 Wastewater Valorization 37
3 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS 38
- 3.1 Production hosts 38
- 3.1.1 Bacteria 38
- 3.1.2 Yeast 39
- 3.1.3 Fungi 40
- 3.1.4 Marine 41
- 3.1.5 Enzymes 42
- 3.1.6 Photosynthetic organisms 42
- 3.2 Biomanufacturing processes 43
- 3.2.1 Batch biomanufacturing 46
- 3.2.2 Continuous biomanufacturing 47
- 3.3 Cell factories for biomanufacturing 47
- 3.4 Synthetic Biology 49
- 3.4.1 Technology Overview 49
- 3.4.2 Metabolic engineering 51
- 3.4.2.1 DNA synthesis 52
- 3.4.2.2 CRISPR 52
- 3.4.2.2.1 CRISPR/Cas9-modified biosynthetic pathways 53
- 3.4.3 Protein/Enzyme Engineering 54
- 3.4.4 Strain construction and optimization 56
- 3.4.5 Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering 57
- 3.4.6 Smart bioprocessing 57
- 3.4.7 Cell-free systems 58
- 3.4.8 Chassis organisms 61
- 3.4.9 Biomimetics 62
- 3.4.10 Sustainable materials 63
- 3.4.11 Robotics and automation 64
- 3.4.11.1 Robotic cloud laboratories 64
- 3.4.11.2 Automating organism design 65
- 3.4.11.3 Artificial intelligence and machine learning 65
- 3.4.12 Fermentation Processes 66
- 3.5 Generative Biology 67
- 3.5.1 Generative Models 68
- 3.5.2 Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) 69
- 3.5.2.1 Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) 69
- 3.5.2.2 Normalizing Flows 70
- 3.5.2.3 Autoregressive Models 70
- 3.5.2.4 Evolutionary Generative Models 70
- 3.5.3 Design Optimization 71
- 3.5.3.1 Evolutionary Algorithms (e.g., Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Strategies) 71
- 3.5.3.1.1 Genetic Algorithms (GAs) 71
- 3.5.3.1.2 Evolutionary Strategies (ES) 71
- 3.5.3.2 Reinforcement Learning 72
- 3.5.3.3 Multi-Objective Optimization 72
- 3.5.3.4 Bayesian Optimization 72
- 3.5.3.1 Evolutionary Algorithms (e.g., Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Strategies) 71
- 3.5.4 Computational Biology 74
- 3.5.4.1 Molecular Dynamics Simulations 74
- 3.5.4.2 Quantum Mechanical Calculations 74
- 3.5.4.3 Systems Biology Modeling 75
- 3.5.4.4 Metabolic Engineering Modeling 76
- 3.5.5 Data-Driven Approaches 77
- 3.5.5.1 Machine Learning 77
- 3.5.5.2 Graph Neural Networks 78
- 3.5.5.3 Unsupervised Learning 78
- 3.5.5.4 Active Learning and Bayesian Optimization 78
- 3.5.6 Agent-Based Modeling 79
- 3.5.7 Hybrid Approaches 80
- 3.6 Feedstocks 82
- 3.6.1 C1 feedstocks 82
- 3.6.1.1 Advantages 82
- 3.6.1.2 Pathways 83
- 3.6.1.3 Challenges 84
- 3.6.1.4 Non-methane C1 feedstocks 84
- 3.6.1.5 Gas fermentation 85
- 3.6.2 C2 feedstocks 85
- 3.6.3 Biological conversion of CO2 86
- 3.6.4 Food processing wastes 90
- 3.6.5 Lignocellulosic biomass 90
- 3.6.6 Methane 91
- 3.6.7 Municipal solid wastes 95
- 3.6.8 Plastic wastes 96
- 3.6.9 Plant oils 97
- 3.6.10 Starch 97
- 3.6.11 Sugars 98
- 3.6.12 Used cooking oils 99
- 3.6.13 Green hydrogen production 100
- 3.6.14 Blue hydrogen production 101
- 3.6.1 C1 feedstocks 82
- 3.7 Blue biotechnology (Marine biotechnology) 104
- 3.7.1 Cyanobacteria 105
- 3.7.2 Macroalgae 106
- 3.7.3 Companies 107
4 MARKET ANALYSIS 110
- 4.1 Market trends and growth drivers 110
- 4.2 Industry challenges and constraints 111
- 4.3 White biotechnology in the bioeconomy 112
- 4.4 SWOT analysis 113
- 4.5 Market map 115
- 4.6 Key market players and competitive landscape 115
- 4.7 Regulations 117
- 4.7.1 United States 118
- 4.7.2 European Union 118
- 4.7.3 International 119
- 4.7.4 Specific Regulations and Guidelines 119
- 4.8 Main end-use markets 120
- 4.8.1 Biofuels 120
- 4.8.1.1 Market supply chain 121
- 4.8.1.2 Solid Biofuels 123
- 4.8.1.3 Liquid Biofuels 124
- 4.8.1.4 Gaseous Biofuels 125
- 4.8.1.5 Conventional Biofuels 126
- 4.8.1.6 Advanced Biofuels 126
- 4.8.1.7 Feedstocks 127
- 4.8.1.7.1 First-generation (1-G) 129
- 4.8.1.7.2 Second-generation (2-G) 130
- 4.8.1.7.2.1 Lignocellulosic wastes and residues 131
- 4.8.1.7.2.2 Biorefinery lignin 133
- 4.8.1.7.3 Third-generation (3-G) 137
- 4.8.1.7.3.1 Algal biofuels 137
- 4.8.1.7.3.1.1 Properties 138
- 4.8.1.7.3.1.2 Advantages 138
- 4.8.1.7.3.1 Algal biofuels 137
- 4.8.1.7.4 Fourth-generation (4-G) 140
- 4.8.1.7.5 Energy crops 140
- 4.8.1.7.6 Agricultural residues 140
- 4.8.1.7.7 Manure, sewage sludge and organic waste 141
- 4.8.1.7.8 Forestry and wood waste 141
- 4.8.1.7.9 Feedstock costs 142
- 4.8.1.8 Bioethanol 142
- 4.8.1.8.1 Ethanol to jet fuel technology 143
- 4.8.1.8.2 Methanol from pulp & paper production 144
- 4.8.1.8.3 Sulfite spent liquor fermentation 145
- 4.8.1.8.4 Gasification 145
- 4.8.1.8.4.1 Biomass gasification and syngas fermentation 145
- 4.8.1.8.4.2 Biomass gasification and syngas thermochemical conversion 146
- 4.8.1.8.5 CO2 capture and alcohol synthesis 146
- 4.8.1.8.6 Biomass hydrolysis and fermentation 147
- 4.8.1.8.7 Separate hydrolysis and fermentation 147
- 4.8.1.8.7.1 Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) 148
- 4.8.1.8.7.2 Pre-hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (PSSF) 148
- 4.8.1.8.7.3 Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) 148
- 4.8.1.8.7.4 Direct conversion (consolidated bioprocessing) (CBP) 148
- 4.8.1.9 Biodiesel 149
- 4.8.1.10 Biogas 152
- 4.8.1.10.1 Biomethane 153
- 4.8.1.10.2 Feedstocks 155
- 4.8.1.10.3 Anaerobic digestion 155
- 4.8.1.11 Renewable diesel 156
- 4.8.1.12 Biojet fuel 158
- 4.8.1.13 Algal biofuels (blue biotech) 162
- 4.8.1.13.1 Conversion pathways 163
- 4.8.1.13.2 Market challenges 164
- 4.8.1.13.3 Prices 165
- 4.8.1.13.4 Producers 166
- 4.8.1.14 Biohydrogen 167
- 4.8.1.14.1 Biological Conversion Routes 169
- 4.8.1.14.1.1 Bio-photochemical Reaction 169
- 4.8.1.14.1.2 Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion 170
- 4.8.1.14.1 Biological Conversion Routes 169
- 4.8.1.15 Biobutanol 170
- 4.8.1.16 Bio-based methanol 172
- 4.8.1.16.1 Anaerobic digestion 174
- 4.8.1.16.2 Biomass gasification 175
- 4.8.1.16.3 Power to Methane 175
- 4.8.1.17 Bioisoprene 176
- 4.8.1.18 Fatty Acid Esters 176
- 4.8.2 Bio-based chemicals 177
- 4.8.2.1 Market supply chain 177
- 4.8.2.2 Acetic acid 178
- 4.8.2.3 Adipic acid 178
- 4.8.2.4 Aldehydes 179
- 4.8.2.5 Acrylic acid 180
- 4.8.2.6 Bacterial cellulose 181
- 4.8.2.7 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) 184
- 4.8.2.8 Bio-DME 185
- 4.8.2.9 Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA) 186
- 4.8.2.10 Ethylene 186
- 4.8.2.11 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) 187
- 4.8.2.12 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) 188
- 4.8.2.13 Itaconic acid 189
- 4.8.2.14 Lactic acid (D-LA) 190
- 4.8.2.15 1,5-diaminopentane (DA5) 191
- 4.8.2.16 Tetrahydrofuran (THF) 192
- 4.8.2.17 Malonic acid 193
- 4.8.2.18 Monoethylene glycol (MEG) 194
- 4.8.2.19 Propylene 195
- 4.8.2.20 Succinic acid (SA) 196
- 4.8.2.21 Triglycerides 197
- 4.8.2.22 Enzymes 198
- 4.8.2.23 Vitamins 198
- 4.8.2.24 Antibiotics 199
- 4.8.3 Bioplastics and Biopolymers 200
- 4.8.3.1 Market supply chain 200
- 4.8.3.2 Polylactic acid (PLA) 202
- 4.8.3.3 PHAs 204
- 4.8.3.3.1 Types 206
- 4.8.3.3.1.1 PHB 208
- 4.8.3.3.1.2 PHBV 209
- 4.8.3.3.2 Synthesis and production processes 210
- 4.8.3.3.3 Commercially available PHAs 213
- 4.8.3.3.1 Types 206
- 4.8.3.4 Bio-PET 214
- 4.8.3.5 Starch blends 215
- 4.8.3.6 Protein-based bioplastics 215
- 4.8.4 Bioremediation 217
- 4.8.5 Biocatalysis 218
- 4.8.5.1 Biotransformations 219
- 4.8.5.2 Cascade biocatalysis 219
- 4.8.5.3 Co-factor recycling 220
- 4.8.5.4 Immobilization 220
- 4.8.6 Food and Nutraceutical Ingredients 221
- 4.8.6.1 Market supply chain 221
- 4.8.6.2 Alternative Proteins 222
- 4.8.6.3 Natural Sweeteners 224
- 4.8.6.4 Natural Flavors and Fragrances 224
- 4.8.6.5 Texturants and Thickeners 225
- 4.8.6.6 Nutraceuticals and Supplements 225
- 4.8.7 Agricultural biotechnology 226
- 4.8.7.1 Market supply chain 226
- 4.8.7.2 Biofertilizers 227
- 4.8.7.2.1 Overview 227
- 4.8.7.2.2 Companies 228
- 4.8.7.3 Biopesticides 228
- 4.8.7.3.1 Overview 228
- 4.8.7.3.2 Companies 229
- 4.8.7.4 Biostimulants 229
- 4.8.7.4.1 Overview 229
- 4.8.7.4.2 Companies 229
- 4.8.7.5 Crop Biotechnology 230
- 4.8.7.5.1 Genetic engineering 230
- 4.8.7.5.2 Genome editing 231
- 4.8.7.5.3 Companies 231
- 4.8.8 Textiles 232
- 4.8.8.1 Market supply chain 233
- 4.8.8.2 Bio-Based Fibers 234
- 4.8.8.2.1 Lyocell 234
- 4.8.8.2.2 Bacterial cellulose 235
- 4.8.8.2.3 Algae textiles 235
- 4.8.8.2 Bio-Based Fibers 234
- 4.8.8.3 Recombinant Materials 236
- 4.8.8.4 Sustainable Processing 236
- 4.8.8.1 Market supply chain 233
- 4.8.9 Consumer goods 238
- 4.8.9.1 Market supply chain 238
- 4.8.9.2 White biotechnology in consumer goods 239
- 4.8.10 Biopharmaceuticals 240
- 4.8.10.1 Market supply chain 240
- 4.8.10.2 Market overview for white biotechnology 241
- 4.8.11 Cosmetics 243
- 4.8.11.1 Market supply chain 243
- 4.8.11.2 Market overview for white biotechnology 244
- 4.8.12 Surfactants and detergents 245
- 4.8.12.1 Market supply chain 245
- 4.8.12.2 Market overview for white biotechnology 246
- 4.8.13 Construction materials 248
- 4.8.13.1 Market supply chain 248
- 4.8.13.2 Biocement 249
- 4.8.13.3 Mycelium materials 251
- 4.8.1 Biofuels 120
- 4.9 Global market revenues 2018-2035 253
- 4.9.1 By market 253
- 4.10 By region 255
- 4.11 Future Market Outlook 257
5 COMPANY PROFILES 258
- 5.1 Aanika Biosciences 258
- 5.2 Absci Corp 258
- 5.3 Aemetis, Inc. 259
- 5.4 AEP Polymers 261
- 5.5 AgBiome 261
- 5.6 Agrivida 262
- 5.7 ÄIO 262
- 5.8 AI Proteins 263
- 5.9 Algal Bio Co., Ltd. 264
- 5.10 Algenol 264
- 5.11 AlgiKnit 265
- 5.12 Algiecel ApS 266
- 5.13 AgriSea NZ Seaweed Ltd 268
- 5.14 Alpha Biofuels (Singapore) Pte Ltd 269
- 5.15 Allonnia LLC 270
- 5.16 Allozymes 270
- 5.17 Alt.Leather 271
- 5.18 Alto Neuroscience 272
- 5.19 AmphiStar 273
- 5.20 Amphista Therapeutics 273
- 5.21 Amply Discovery 274
- 5.22 AMSilk GmbH 275
- 5.23 Andes Ag, Inc. 276
- 5.24 Antheia 276
- 5.25 Apeel Sciences 277
- 5.26 Aqemia 278
- 5.27 Aralez Bio 278
- 5.28 Arctic Biomaterials Oy 279
- 5.29 Ardra Bio 280
- 5.30 Arkeon 280
- 5.31 Arzeda 281
- 5.32 Asimov 281
- 5.33 Atantares 282
- 5.34 Athos Therapeutics 283
- 5.35 Atomwise 284
- 5.36 Aurigene Pharmaceutical Services 285
- 5.37 Autolus 286
- 5.38 AVA Biochem AG 286
- 5.39 Avantium B.V. 287
- 5.40 Avicenna Biosciences 289
- 5.41 Azolla 290
- 5.42 Axcelon Biopolymers Corporation 290
- 5.43 Basecamp Research 291
- 5.44 BBCA Biochemical & GALACTIC Lactic Acid Co., Ltd. 292
- 5.45 Benefuel Inc. 293
- 5.46 BenevolentAI 294
- 5.47 BigHat Biosciences 295
- 5.48 BioAge Labs 296
- 5.49 BioBetter 297
- 5.50 Biocatalysts Ltd. 297
- 5.51 Bioextrax AB 298
- 5.52 Bio Fab NZ 299
- 5.53 Biokemik 299
- 5.54 Biolexis Therapeutics 301
- 5.55 BIOLO 302
- 5.56 BioMap 303
- 5.57 Biomason, Inc. 303
- 5.58 Biomatter Designs 304
- 5.59 Bioptimus SAS 305
- 5.60 BioPhy 306
- 5.61 Bioplastech Ltd 307
- 5.62 BioSmart Nano 307
- 5.63 Biotic Circular Technologies Ltd. 308
- 5.64 Biosyntia 309
- 5.65 Biotecam 309
- 5.66 Bioweg 310
- 5.67 bit.bio 311
- 5.68 Bloom Biorenewables SA 312
- 5.69 BluCon Biotech GmbH 312
- 5.70 Blue BioFuels, Inc. 313
- 5.71 Bluepha Beijing Lanjing Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd. 314
- 5.72 Bon Vivant 315
- 5.73 Bolt Threads 315
- 5.74 Bosk Bioproducts Inc. 316
- 5.75 Bowil Biotech Sp. z o.o. 317
- 5.76 Braskem SA 317
- 5.77 Brightseed 318
- 5.78 Bucha Bio, Inc. 319
- 5.79 C1 Green Chemicals AG 320
- 5.80 C16 Biosciences 320
- 5.81 CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co, Ltd 321
- 5.82 California Cultured 321
- 5.83 Calysta 322
- 5.84 Cambrium GmbH 323
- 5.85 Camena Bioscience 324
- 5.86 Capra Biosciences 324
- 5.87 Carbios 325
- 5.88 Cargill 325
- 5.89 Calyxt 326
- 5.90 Cascade Biocatalysts 327
- 5.91 Cass Materials Pty Ltd 328
- 5.92 Catalyxx 328
- 5.93 Cauldron 329
- 5.94 Cemvita Factory Inc. 329
- 5.95 Century Health Technology, Inc. 330
- 5.96 ChainCraft 331
- 5.97 Checkerspot 332
- 5.98 Chitose Bio Evolution Pte Ltd. 333
- 5.99 CinderBio 333
- 5.100 Circe 334
- 5.101 CJ Biomaterials, Inc. 334
- 5.102 Clean Food Group 336
- 5.103 Codexis 336
- 5.104 Colorifix 337
- 5.105 Colossal Biosciences 337
- 5.106 Colipi 338
- 5.107 Colorifix 339
- 5.108 Conagen 339
- 5.109 Constructive Bio 340
- 5.110 Cradle 340
- 5.111 Cysbio 341
- 5.112 Danimer Scientific 342
- 5.113 Debut Biotechnology 343
- 5.114 Deepcell 343
- 5.115 DeepCure 344
- 5.116 Deep Genomics 345
- 5.117 Deep Branch Biotechnology 346
- 5.118 Demetrix 347
- 5.119 Design Therapeutics 347
- 5.120 Diagonal Therapeutics 348
- 5.121 Diffuse Bio 349
- 5.122 Dispersa 350
- 5.123 DNA Script 351
- 5.124 Domsjö Fabriker AB 351
- 5.125 DuPont 353
- 5.126 Earli 354
- 5.127 Ecovative Design LLC 355
- 5.128 Eco Fuel Technology, Inc 356
- 5.129 Eden Brew 357
- 5.130 EggPlant Srl 358
- 5.131 Eligo Bioscience 358
- 5.132 Elo Life Systems 359
- 5.133 Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT) 359
- 5.134 EnginZyme AB 361
- 5.135 Eni S.p.A. 361
- 5.136 EnPlusOne Biosciences 362
- 5.137 Enzymaster 362
- 5.138 Enzymit 363
- 5.139 Enzyan Biocatalysis GmbH 364
- 5.140 Etcembly 364
- 5.141 Evaxion Biotech A/S 365
- 5.142 Eversyn 366
- 5.143 Evozyne 367
- 5.144 Exscientia 367
- 5.145 FabricNano 368
- 5.146 Fermentalg 369
- 5.147 eniferBio 370
- 5.148 ENOUGH 371
- 5.149 Epoch Biodesign 372
- 5.150 Erebagen 372
- 5.151 Evolved By Nature 373
- 5.152 Evonik Industries AG 373
- 5.153 EV Biotech 374
- 5.154 FabricNano 375
- 5.155 Farmless 375
- 5.156 Fermelanta 376
- 5.157 Fermentalg 377
- 5.158 Full Cycle Bioplastics LLC 377
- 5.159 Futerro 378
- 5.160 Future Fields 379
- 5.161 Futurity Bio-Ventures Ltd. 380
- 5.162 Gaiamer Biotechnologies 381
- 5.163 Geltor 381
- 5.164 Gen3Bio 382
- 5.165 Genecis Bioindustries, Inc. 382
- 5.166 Generate:Biomedicines 383
- 5.167 Genesis Therapeutics 384
- 5.168 Gero 385
- 5.169 Gevo, Inc 386
- 5.170 Genomatica 387
- 5.171 Ginkgo Bioworks 388
- 5.172 GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) 388
- 5.173 Global Bioenergies SA 389
- 5.174 Google Deepmind 390
- 5.175 Green Bioactives 391
- 5.176 Green Earth Institute 391
- 5.177 Healx 392
- 5.178 Hexagon Bio 393
- 5.179 Honext Material SL 394
- 5.180 Humintech GmbH 394
- 5.181 Huue, Inc. 395
- 5.182 HydGene Renewables 395
- 5.183 HydRegen 396
- 5.184 Hyfé 397
- 5.185 Iambic Therapeutics 397
- 5.186 Ibex Medical Analytics 399
- 5.187 Idoven 400
- 5.188 Iktos 400
- 5.189 Imperagen Limited 401
- 5.190 Impossible Foods 402
- 5.191 Inceptive 403
- 5.192 Indee Labs 404
- 5.193 Insempra 405
- 5.194 Insilico Medicine 405
- 5.195 Insitro 407
- 5.196 Integrated Biosciences 408
- 5.197 Ittinsect 409
- 5.198 Iogen Corporation 409
- 5.199 Isomorphic Laboratories 410
- 5.200 Itaconix 410
- 5.201 Johnson Matthey 411
- 5.202 Kalion, Inc. 412
- 5.203 Kane Biotech, Inc. 413
- 5.204 Kinish 414
- 5.205 Kraig Biocraft Laboratories 414
- 5.206 Kuano 415
- 5.207 Lanzatech 416
- 5.208 LCY Biosciences 418
- 5.209 Leash Biosciences 419
- 5.210 Liberation Labs 420
- 5.211 Loam Bio 420
- 5.212 Leaf Resources Ltd. 421
- 5.213 Light Bio 422
- 5.214 Lignoflow Technologies AB 423
- 5.215 Lignolix, Inc. 424
- 5.216 LignoPure GmbH 424
- 5.217 Lignovations GmbH 425
- 5.218 Living Ink Technologies 426
- 5.219 Lixea Limited 426
- 5.220 Lumen Bioscience 428
- 5.221 Lygos, Inc 429
- 5.222 LXP Group GmbH 429
- 5.223 MadeRight 430
- 5.224 MakeGrowLab 431
- 5.225 Mana.bio 432
- 5.226 Mango Materials, Inc. 433
- 5.227 Marea 434
- 5.228 Melt & Marble 434
- 5.229 MedPHA Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. 435
- 5.230 Menten AI 435
- 5.231 METabolic EXplorer S.A. (METEX) 436
- 5.232 Metgen Oy 437
- 5.233 Michroma 437
- 5.234 MiLaboratories, Inc. 438
- 5.235 Miruku 438
- 5.236 Modern Meadow, Inc. 439
- 5.237 Modern Synthesis 440
- 5.238 Mogrify 441
- 5.239 Model Medicines 441
- 5.240 Molecular Assemblies 442
- 5.241 Molecular Quantum Solutions 443
- 5.242 Moolec Science 443
- 5.243 Multus Biotechnology 444
- 5.244 MycoCycle, Inc. 445
- 5.245 MycoTechnology 445
- 5.246 MYCL 446
- 5.247 MycoWorks 447
- 5.248 Myconeos 449
- 5.249 Mylium BV 449
- 5.250 Nabla Bio 450
- 5.251 Nafigate Corporation a.s. 450
- 5.252 NatPol 451
- 5.253 NatureWorks LLC 452
- 5.254 Nereid Biomaterials 453
- 5.255 NefFa 453
- 5.256 Newlight Technologies LLC 454
- 5.257 Ningbo Tianan Biologic Material 455
- 5.258 Noetik 455
- 5.259 Nobias Therapeutics 456
- 5.260 NoPalm Ingredients 457
- 5.261 Nosh.bio 457
- 5.262 Notpla 458
- 5.263 Nourish 459
- 5.264 Novomer 459
- 5.265 Novozymes A/S 460
- 5.266 Novo Nordisk 461
- 5.267 Nucleai 462
- 5.268 NVIDIA 463
- 5.269 Oakbio, Inc. 463
- 5.270 Octarine Bio 464
- 5.271 Odyssey Therapeutics 465
- 5.272 one • five 466
- 5.273 Onego Bio 466
- 5.274 Oimo 467
- 5.275 Orbital Materials 468
- 5.276 Ordaos Bio 469
- 5.277 Origin by Ocean 470
- 5.278 Owkin 470
- 5.279 Paques Biomaterials 471
- 5.280 Pearl Bio 472
- 5.281 Perfect Day 472
- 5.282 Perpetual Medicines 473
- 5.283 PHABuilder 474
- 5.284 Photanol B.V. 474
- 5.285 Phylloceuticals 475
- 5.286 Phytolon 476
- 5.287 Pili 476
- 5.288 Pivot Materials LLC 477
- 5.289 Plastus 477
- 5.290 Pneuma Bio 478
- 5.291 Polaris Quantum Biotech (POLARISqb) 478
- 5.292 PoLoPo 479
- 5.293 Polybion 480
- 5.294 Polyferm 480
- 5.295 Pow.bio 481
- 5.296 Precigen, Inc. 482
- 5.297 PredxBio 482
- 5.298 Profluent Bio 483
- 5.299 Prokarium 484
- 5.300 Prometheus Materials 485
- 5.301 ProPhase Labs 485
- 5.302 ProteinQure 486
- 5.303 Protein Evolution 487
- 5.304 Provectus Algae 487
- 5.305 Praj Industries Ltd. 488
- 5.306 Quazy Foods 490
- 5.307 QuantHealth 491
- 5.308 Q-milk GmbH 492
- 5.309 Recursion Pharmaceuticals 493
- 5.310 Relay Therapeutics 493
- 5.311 Ribbon Biolabs 494
- 5.312 Roche 495
- 5.313 Roivant Sciences 495
- 5.314 Roquette S.A. 496
- 5.315 RWDC 497
- 5.316 Samsara Eco Pty Ltd. 498
- 5.317 Sanofi 499
- 5.318 Saphium Biotechnology GMBH 500
- 5.319 Scindo 500
- 5.320 ScobyTec GmbH 501
- 5.321 Schrödinger 501
- 5.322 Seismic Therapeutic 502
- 5.323 Seawear Ltd. 503
- 5.324 Seevix Material Sciences Ltd. 504
- 5.325 Sekab E-Technology AB 505
- 5.326 Seminal Biosciences 506
- 5.327 Sensible Biotechnologies 506
- 5.328 SeQure Dx 507
- 5.329 SimBioSys 508
- 5.330 Smartfiber AG 509
- 5.331 SNIPR Biome 510
- 5.332 Solar Foods Oy 511
- 5.333 Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co. 512
- 5.334 Solugen 513
- 5.335 Sphere Fluidics Limited 513
- 5.336 Spiber, Inc. 514
- 5.337 Spidey Tek 514
- 5.338 Spinnova Oy 516
- 5.339 St1 Oy 517
- 5.340 Superluminal Medicines 518
- 5.341 SUPLA Bioplastics 519
- 5.342 SWAY 519
- 5.343 Synlogic 520
- 5.344 Synthego 521
- 5.345 T-Cypher Bio 521
- 5.346 Teal Bioworks, Inc. 522
- 5.347 Telesis Bio 523
- 5.348 Ten63 Therapeutics 523
- 5.349 Terray Therapeutics 524
- 5.350 Terra Bioindustries 525
- 5.351 Teysha Technologies Limited 525
- 5.352 thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 526
- 5.353 Tianjin GreenBio Materials Co., Ltd 527
- 5.354 Total Corbion 528
- 5.355 Touchlight Gene 529
- 5.356 TRexBio 530
- 5.357 Treemera GmbH 531
- 5.358 TripleW 531
- 5.359 Twist Bioscience 532
- 5.360 Uluu 533
- 5.361 UPM Biochemicals 533
- 5.362 Valo Health 535
- 5.363 VantAI 536
- 5.364 Van Heron Labs 536
- 5.365 VEnvirotech Biotechnology SL 537
- 5.366 Versalis SpA 538
- 5.367 Verge Genomics 539
- 5.368 Vertus Energy Ltd. 540
- 5.369 Virent Inc. 542
- 5.370 Viridos, Inc. 543
- 5.371 Visolis, Inc. 543
- 5.372 Wild Microbes 544
- 5.373 WNWN Food Labs 544
- 5.374 Xaira Therapeutics 545
- 5.375 Xtalpi 546
- 5.376 Yali Bio 547
- 5.377 Yield10 Bioscience, Inc. 548
- 5.378 Yoneda Labs 548
- 5.379 Zayt Bioscience 549
- 5.380 Zephyr AI 550
- 5.381 Zero Acre Farms 551
- 5.382 Zya Enzymes 551
6 GLOSSARY 552
- 6.1 Acronyms 552
- 6.2 Terms 553
7 REFERENCES 555
List of Tables
- Table 1. Biotechnology "colours". 28
- Table 2. Differences between white biotechnology and conventional processes. 29
- Table 3. Application areas for white biotechnology. 30
- Table 4. Advantages of white biotechnology. 32
- Table 5. Routes for carbon capture in white biotechnology. 33
- Table 6. Molecules produced through industrial biomanufacturing. 38
- Table 7. Commonly used bacterial hosts for white biotechnology production. 39
- Table 8. Commonly used yeast hosts for white biotech production. 40
- Table 9. Examples of fungal hosts used in white biotechnology processes. 41
- Table 10. Examples of marine organisms as hosts for white biotechnology applications. 41
- Table 11. Common microbial hosts used for enzyme production in white biotechnology. 42
- Table 12. Photosynthetic microorganisms used as production hosts in white biotechnology 43
- Table 13. Biomanufacturing processes utilized in white biotechnology. 44
- Table 14. Continuous vs batch biomanufacturing 46
- Table 15. Key fermentation parameters in batch vs continuous biomanufacturing processes. 46
- Table 16. Major microbial cell factories used in industrial biomanufacturing. 48
- Table 17. Core stages - Design, Build and Test. 50
- Table 18. Products and applications enabled by synthetic biology. 50
- Table 19. Engineered proteins in industrial applications. 55
- Table 20. Cell-free versus cell-based systems 59
- Table 21. White biotechnology fermentation processes. 66
- Table 22. Products from C1 feedstocks in white biotechnology. 85
- Table 23. C2 Feedstock Products. 86
- Table 24. CO2 derived products via biological conversion-applications, advantages and disadvantages. 88
- Table 25. Production capacities of biorefinery lignin producers. 91
- Table 26. Common starch sources that can be used as feedstocks for producing biochemicals. 98
- Table 27. Biomass processes summary, process description and TRL. 101
- Table 28. Pathways for hydrogen production from biomass. 103
- Table 29. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size. 104
- Table 30. Blue biotechnology companies. 107
- Table 31. Market trends and drivers in white biotechnology. 110
- Table 32.Industry challenges and restraints in white biotechnology. 111
- Table 33. White biotechnology key application sectors and products. 120
- Table 34. Comparison of biofuels. 122
- Table 35. Categories and examples of solid biofuel. 124
- Table 36. Comparison of biofuels and e-fuels to fossil and electricity. 126
- Table 37. Classification of biomass feedstock. 127
- Table 38. Biorefinery feedstocks. 128
- Table 39. Feedstock conversion pathways. 129
- Table 40. First-Generation Feedstocks. 129
- Table 41. Lignocellulosic ethanol plants and capacities. 132
- Table 42. Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins. 133
- Table 43. Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes 134
- Table 44. Operating and planned lignocellulosic biorefineries and industrial flue gas-to-ethanol. 135
- Table 45. Properties of microalgae and macroalgae. 138
- Table 46. Yield of algae and other biodiesel crops. 139
- Table 47. Processes in bioethanol production. 147
- Table 48. Microorganisms used in CBP for ethanol production from biomass lignocellulosic. 148
- Table 49. Biodiesel by generation. 150
- Table 50. Biodiesel production techniques. 151
- Table 51. Biofuel production cost from the biomass pyrolysis process. 152
- Table 52. Biogas feedstocks. 155
- Table 53. Advantages and disadvantages of Bio-aviation fuel. 158
- Table 54. Production pathways for Bio-aviation fuel. 159
- Table 55. Current and announced Bio-aviation fuel facilities and capacities. 161
- Table 56. Algae-derived biofuel producers. 166
- Table 57. Markets and applications for biohydrogen. 167
- Table 58. Comparison of different Bio-H2 production pathways. 168
- Table 59. Properties of petrol and biobutanol. 170
- Table 60. Comparison of biogas, biomethane and natural gas. 174
- Table 61. Applications of bio-based caprolactam. 179
- Table 62. Applications of bio-based acrylic acid. 180
- Table 63. Applications of bio-based 1,4-Butanediol (BDO). 184
- Table 64. Applications of bio-based ethylene. 187
- Table 65. Biobased feedstock sources for 3-HP. 187
- Table 66. Applications of 3-HP. 188
- Table 67. Applications of bio-based 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO). 189
- Table 68. Biobased feedstock sources for itaconic acid. 189
- Table 69. Applications of bio-based itaconic acid. 190
- Table 70. Biobased feedstocks that can be used to produce 1,5-diaminopentane (DA5). 191
- Table 71. Applications of DN5. 192
- Table 72. Applications of bio-based Tetrahydrofuran (THF). 193
- Table 73. Markets and applications for malonic acid. 193
- Table 74. Biobased feedstock sources for MEG. 194
- Table 75. Applications of bio-based MEG. 194
- Table 76. Applications of bio-based propylene. 195
- Table 77. Biobased feedstock sources for Succinic acid. 196
- Table 78. Applications of succinic acid. 197
- Table 79. Bioplastics and bioplastic precursors synthesized via white biotechnology processes . 202
- Table 80. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications. 202
- Table 81. PLA producers and production capacities. 204
- Table 82.Types of PHAs and properties. 207
- Table 83. Comparison of the physical properties of different PHAs with conventional petroleum-based polymers. 209
- Table 84. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) extraction methods. 212
- Table 85. Commercially available PHAs. 213
- Table 86. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies. 216
- Table 87. Applications of white biotechnology in bioremediation and environmental remediation. 218
- Table 88. Companies developing fermentation-derived food. 223
- Table 89. Biofertilizer companies. 228
- Table 90. Biopesticides companies. 229
- Table 91. Biostimulants companies. 229
- Table 92. Crop biotechnology companies. 231
- Table 93. White biotechnology applications in consumer goods. 239
- Table 94. Pharmaceutical applications of white biotechnology. 242
- Table 95. Applications of white biotechnology in the cosmetics industry. 244
- Table 96. Sustainable biomanufacturing of surfactants and detergents. 247
- Table 97. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by market, 2018-2035 (Billion USD). 253
- Table 98. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by region, 2018-2035 (Billion USD). 255
- Table 99. White biotechnology Glossary of Acronyms. 552
- Table 100. White biotechnology Glossary of Terms. 553
List of Figures
- Figure 1. CRISPR/Cas9 & Targeted Genome Editing. 54
- Figure 2. Genetic Circuit-Assisted Smart Microbial Engineering. 58
- Figure 3. Cell-free and cell-based protein synthesis systems. 61
- Figure 4. Microbial Chassis Development for Natural Product Biosynthesis. 62
- Figure 5. The design-make-test-learn loop of generative biology. 68
- Figure 6. LanzaTech gas-fermentation process. 86
- Figure 7. Schematic of biological CO2 conversion into e-fuels. 87
- Figure 8. Overview of biogas utilization. 92
- Figure 9. Biogas and biomethane pathways. 94
- Figure 10. Schematic overview of anaerobic digestion process for biomethane production. 95
- Figure 11. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix. 105
- Figure 12. SWOT analysis: white biotechnology. 114
- Figure 13. Market map: white biotechnology. 115
- Figure 14. Biofuels market supply chain. 121
- Figure 15. Schematic of a biorefinery for production of carriers and chemicals. 133
- Figure 16. Hydrolytic lignin powder. 137
- Figure 17. Range of biomass cost by feedstock type. 142
- Figure 18. Overview of biogas utilization. 153
- Figure 19. Biogas and biomethane pathways. 154
- Figure 20. Schematic overview of anaerobic digestion process for biomethane production. 156
- Figure 21. Algal biomass conversion process for biofuel production. 164
- Figure 22. Pathways for algal biomass conversion to biofuels. 167
- Figure 23. Biobutanol production route. 171
- Figure 24. Renewable Methanol Production Processes from Different Feedstocks. 173
- Figure 25. Production of biomethane through anaerobic digestion and upgrading. 174
- Figure 26. Production of biomethane through biomass gasification and methanation. 175
- Figure 27. Production of biomethane through the Power to methane process. 176
- Figure 28. Bio-based chemicals market supply chain. 177
- Figure 29. Overview of Toray process. 178
- Figure 30. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes 183
- Figure 31. Bioplastics and biopolymers market supply chain. 201
- Figure 32. PHA family. 207
- Figure 33. Food and Nutraceutical Ingredients market supply chain. 222
- Figure 34. Agricultural biotechnology market supply chain. 227
- Figure 35. Bio-textiles market supply chain. 234
- Figure 36. AlgiKicks sneaker, made with the Algiknit biopolymer gel. 236
- Figure 37. Biobased consumer goods market supply chain. 239
- Figure 38. Biopharmaceuticals market supply chain. 241
- Figure 39. Biobased cosmetics market supply chain. 244
- Figure 40. Surfactants and detergents market supply chain. 246
- Figure 41. Biobased construction materials market supply chain. 249
- Figure 42. BioMason cement. 250
- Figure 43. Microalgae based biocement masonry bloc. 250
- Figure 44. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam. 251
- Figure 45. Commercial mycelium composite construction materials. 252
- Figure 46. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by market, 2018-2035 (Billion USD). 254
- Figure 47. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by region, 2018-2035 (Billion USD). 256
- Figure 48. Algiknit yarn. 266
- Figure 49. ALGIECEL PhotoBioReactor. 267
- Figure 50. Jelly-like seaweed-based nanocellulose hydrogel. 268
- Figure 51. BIOLO e-commerce mailer bag made from PHA. 302
- Figure 52. Domsjö process. 352
- Figure 53. Mushroom leather. 356
- Figure 54. PHA production process. 378
- Figure 50. Light Bio Bioluminescent plants. 422
- Figure 55. Lignin gel. 423
- Figure 56. BioFlex process. 427
- Figure 57. TransLeather. 432
- Figure 58. Reishi. 448
- Figure 59. Compostable water pod. 459
- Figure 60. Precision Photosynthesis™ technology. 488
- Figure 61. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process. 489
- Figure 62. Fabric consisting of 70 per cent wool and 30 per cent Qmilk. 492
- Figure 63. Lyocell process. 509
- Figure 64. Spider silk production. 515
- Figure 65. Corbion FDCA production process. 529
- Figure 66. UPM biorefinery process. 534
- Figure 67. The Proesa® Process. 539
- Figure 68. XtalPi’s automated and robot-run workstations. 546
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