Owing to impressive mechanical, structural and electronic properties, Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are widely researched, and among the variety of semiconducting nanomaterials that have been discovered over the past two decades, remain uniquely well suited for applications in high-performance electronics, sensors and other devices.
Large-scale industrial production of Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has been initiated, promising new market opportunities in transparent conductive films, transistors, sensors and memory devices. SWCNTs are regarded as one of the most promising candidates to utilized as building blocks in next generation electronics, and superior to graphene for a number of applications. However, the most advanced opportunities demand the ability to form perfectly aligned, horizontal arrays of purely semiconducting, chemically pristine SWCNTs.
SWCNTs possess many unique properties, which are advantageous for a wide variety of applications, including stretchable electronics. They have exceptionally high Young’s modulus of elasticity and tensile strength, and are the strongest known material. The porosity and specific surface area of SWCNTs films are very large, and they possess high transparency and flexibility. In addition, SWCNTscan withstand extremely high currents making them an ideal replacement for copper and aluminium in fast-integrated charge/discharge circuits.
The Global Market for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes 2017-2027 is a comprehensive analysis of the market and commercial opportunities for these advanced materials. For long considered too expensive for wide application, recent production developments have greatly reduced the price of SWNTs. There are now significant market opportunities in sectors such as batteries, supercapacitors, polymers, rubber and plastics for high volume materials production demand.
Report contents include:
- Global production capacities
- Current and future products.
- Market drivers, trends and challenges, by target markets.
- In-depth market assessment of opportunities for single-walled carbon nanotubes including potential revenues, pricing, most likely applications and market challenges.
- Precise analysis of opportunities by applications.
- In-depth company profiles, include products, capacities, and commercial activities.
- Predictions for key growth areas and opportunities.
Companies profiled in the report include KH Chemicals, Zeon Corporation, OCSiAl and Thomas Swan plus 52 other single-walled carbon nanotubes producers and product developers.
Published February 2017 | 240 pages | Table of contents
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1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………………………………………….. 18
1.1 Market opportunity rating system……………………………………………………………………………………. 18
1.2 Market challenges rating system……………………………………………………………………………………. 20
2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23
2.1 Exceptional properties……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24
2.2 Products and applications………………………………………………………………………………………………. 26
2.3 Competition from the graphene market………………………………………………………………………….. 32
2.4 Production………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 32
2.5 Future products………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34
2.6 Market and production challenges………………………………………………………………………………….. 35
2.6.1 Safety issues………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35
2.6.2 Dispersion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 36
2.6.3 Synthesis and supply quality………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
2.6.4 Cost……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
2.6.5 Competition from other materials…………………………………………………………………………… 36
3 CARBON NANOTUBES…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37
3.1 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT)…………………………………………………………………………………….. 37
3.2 Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT)…………………………………………………………………………… 38
3.2.1 Single-chirality………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 40
3.3 Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT)…………………………………………………………………….. 41
3.4 Carbon Nanohorns (CNHs)…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41
3.5 Carbon Onions……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 42
3.6 Fullerenes………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 44
3.7 Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs)………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
3.8 Properties……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
4 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GRAPHENE AND SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 47
4.1 Comparative properties………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 48
4.2 Carbon nanotube-graphene hybrids……………………………………………………………………………….. 49
4.3 Competitive market analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene…………….. 49
5 CARBON NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS………………………………………………………………………………….. 51
5.1 Arc discharge synthesis………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 52
5.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)…………………………………………………………………………………. 53
5.3 Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD)…………………………………………………. 54
5.4 High-pressure carbon monoxide synthesis…………………………………………………………………….. 55
5.4.1 High Pressure CO (HiPco)……………………………………………………………………………………… 55
5.4.2 CoMoCAT………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 55
5.5 Flame synthesis……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 56
5.6 Laser ablation synthesis…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 57
5.7 Silane solution method…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 58
6 SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES MARKET STRUCTURE………………………………. 59
7 SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES END USER MARKET SEGMENT ANALYSIS 61
7.1 Production volumes in metric tons, 2010-2025………………………………………………………………. 61
7.2 SWNT producer production capacities…………………………………………………………………………… 62
7.3 Price of carbon nanotubes-MWNTs, SWNTs and FWNTs……………………………………………… 63
7.3.1 MWNTs………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 64
7.3.2 SWNTs…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 64
8 APPLICATIONS OF SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES…………………………………….. 65
9 ADHESIVES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 67
9.1 MARKET DRIVERS……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 67
9.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs……………………………………………………………….. 68
9.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs………………………………………………………. 69
9.4 MARKET CHALLENGES……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 71
10 AEROSPACE…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 71
10.1 MARKET DRIVERS……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 71
10.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………… 73
10.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs………………………………………………….. 74
10.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………… 77
11 AUTOMOTIVE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 78
11.1 MARKET DRIVERS……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 78
11.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………… 80
11.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs………………………………………………….. 81
11.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………… 84
12 LIFE SCIENCES AND MEDICAL………………………………………………………………………………………. 85
12.1 MARKET DRIVERS……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 85
12.2 APPLICATONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs……………………………………………………………. 87
12.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR SWNTs………………………………………………….. 90
12.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………… 93
13 COMPOSITES INCLUDING THERMOPLASTICS AND RUBBER……………………………………. 96
13.1 MARKET DRIVERS……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 96
13.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………… 98
13.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY………………………………………………………………………. 100
13.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 103
14 ELECTRONICS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 104
14.1 FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS AND CONDUCTIVE FILMS………………………………………….. 105
14.1.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 105
14.1.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 106
14.1.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 108
14.1.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 115
14.2 TRANSISTORS, INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND OTHER COMPONENTS…………….. 117
14.2.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 117
14.2.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 119
14.2.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 123
14.2.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 125
14.3 MEMORY DEVICES………………………………………………………………………………………………… 127
14.3.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 127
14.3.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 128
14.3.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 131
14.3.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 133
14.4 PHOTONICS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 134
14.4.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 134
14.4.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 135
14.4.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 135
14.4.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 136
15 ENERGY………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 136
15.1 BATTERIES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 136
15.1.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 136
15.1.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 140
15.1.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 140
15.1.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 143
15.2 SUPERCAPACITORS……………………………………………………………………………………………… 144
15.2.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 144
15.2.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 145
15.2.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 146
15.2.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 147
15.3 PHOTOVOLTAICS…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 148
15.3.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 148
15.3.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 150
15.3.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 151
15.3.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 153
15.4 FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN STORAGE…………………………………………………………… 154
15.4.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………. 154
15.4.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………. 156
15.4.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY……………………………………………………………… 157
15.4.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………. 158
16 FILTRATION…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 158
16.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 158
16.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………. 160
16.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY………………………………………………………………………. 161
16.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 163
17 LUBRICANTS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 165
17.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 165
17.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………. 166
17.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY………………………………………………………………………. 166
17.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 167
18 SENSORS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 168
18.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 168
18.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………. 169
18.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY………………………………………………………………………. 171
18.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 173
19 SMART TEXTILES AND APPAREL………………………………………………………………………………… 174
19.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 174
19.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………. 177
19.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY………………………………………………………………………. 180
19.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 183
20 CONDUCTIVE INKS………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 185
20.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 185
20.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………. 186
20.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY………………………………………………………………………. 188
20.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 190
21 3D PRINTING…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 191
21.1 MARKET DRIVERS…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 191
21.2 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF SWNTs…………………………………………………………. 192
21.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY………………………………………………………………………. 192
21.4 MARKET CHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 193
22 CARBON NANOTUBES PRODUCERS AND PRODUCT DEVELOPERS………………………. 195-230 (56 company profiles)
23 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 231
TABLES
Table 1: Market summary for single-walled carbon nanotubes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23
Table 2: Properties of CNTs and comparable materials……………………………………………………………… 25
Table 3: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in order of opportunity from high to low……. 27
Table 4: SWNT producer’s production capacities 2015………………………………………………………………. 33
Table 5: Comparison between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40
Table 6: Properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes………………………………………………………………. 45
Table 7: Comparative properties of carbon materials…………………………………………………………………. 48
Table 8: Competitive analysis of SWNTs and graphene by application area and potential impact by 2025……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 50
Table 9: SWNT synthesis methods…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 52
Table 10: Single-walled carbon nanotubes market structure………………………………………………………. 59
Table 11: SWNT producer’s production capacities 2016……………………………………………………………. 62
Table 12: Example SWNT prices………………………………………………………………………………………………… 64
Table 13: Markets, benefits and applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes……………………. 65
Table 14: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in adhesives…………………………………………………………… 67
Table 15: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in adhesives………………………………………………………. 68
Table 16: Market size for SWNTs in adhesives………………………………………………………………………….. 69
Table 17: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in supercapacitors………………………………….. 70
Table 18: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the adhesives market……………………………………. 71
Table 19: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in aerospace…………………………………………………………… 72
Table 20: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in aerospace……………………………………………………… 73
Table 21: Market size for SWNTs in aerospace………………………………………………………………………….. 74
Table 22: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in aerospace………………………………………….. 76
Table 23: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the aerospace market…………………………………… 78
Table 24: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in automotive………………………………………………………….. 78
Table 25: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in automotive…………………………………………………….. 80
Table 26: Market size for SWNTs in automotive…………………………………………………………………………. 81
Table 27: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in the automotive market.. 84
Table 28: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the automotive market………………………………….. 85
Table 29: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in the life sciences and medical market………………….. 85
Table 30: SWNTs in the life sciences and medical market…………………………………………………………. 87
Table 31: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in life sciences and medical………………………………. 88
Table 32: Market size for SWNTs in life sciences and medical…………………………………………………… 90
Table 33: Potential addressable market for smart textiles and wearables in medical and healthcare………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 92
Table 34: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in life sciences and medical……………………. 93
Table 35: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in life sciences and medical. 93
Table 36: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the life sciences and medical………………………… 95
Table 37: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in composites…………………………………………………………. 96
Table 38: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in composites……………………………………………………. 98
Table 39: Market size for SWNTs in composites………………………………………………………………………. 100
Table 40: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in composites……………………………………….. 101
Table 41: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in composites………………. 103
Table 42: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the composites market………………………………… 103
Table 43: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films…………… 105
Table 44: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films……… 107
Table 45: Market size for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films………………………….. 108
Table 46: Global market for wearables, 2014-2021, units and US$………………………………………….. 113
Table 47: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 114
Table 48: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 115
Table 49: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the flexible electronics and conductive films market…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 117
Table 50: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 117
Table 51: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 121
Table 52: Market size for SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components……… 123
Table 53: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 124
Table 54: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market………………………………………………………………………………… 125
Table 55: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 126
Table 56: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in memory devices……………………………………………….. 127
Table 57: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in memory devices………………………………………….. 130
Table 58: Market size for SWNTs in memory devices………………………………………………………………. 131
Table 59: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in memory devices……………………………….. 133
Table 60: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in the memory devices market…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 133
Table 61: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the memory devices market………………………… 134
Table 62: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in photonics………………………………………………………….. 134
Table 63: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in photonics…………………………………………………….. 135
Table 64: Market size for SWNTs in photonics…………………………………………………………………………. 135
Table 65: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the photonics market…………………………………… 136
Table 66: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in batteries……………………………………………………………. 137
Table 67: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in batteries………………………………………………………. 140
Table 68: Market size for SWNTs in batteries…………………………………………………………………………… 140
Table 69: Market challenges in SWNT batteries………………………………………………………………………. 143
Table 70: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the batteries market……………………………………. 143
Table 71: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in supercapacitors………………………………………………… 144
Table 72: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in supercapacitors…………………………………………… 145
Table 73: Market size for SWNTs in batteries…………………………………………………………………………… 146
Table 74: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in supercapacitors………………………………… 147
Table 75: Market challenges in supercapacitors………………………………………………………………………. 147
Table 76: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the supercapacitors market…………………………. 148
Table 77: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in photovoltaics…………………………………………………….. 148
Table 78: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in photovoltaics……………………………………………….. 151
Table 79: Market size for SWNTs in photovoltaics……………………………………………………………………. 151
Table 80: Market size for SWNTs in photovoltaics……………………………………………………………………. 152
Table 81: Market challenges for SWNTs in solar……………………………………………………………………… 153
Table 82: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the solar market………………………………………….. 153
Table 83: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage……………………….. 154
Table 84: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage…………………… 156
Table 85: Electrical conductivity of different catalyst supports compared to carbon nanotubes.. 156
Table 86: Market size for SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage………………………………………. 157
Table 87: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in fuel cells and hydrogen storage……….. 157
Table 88: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the fuel cells and hydrogen storage market… 158
Table 89: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in filtration…………………………………………………………….. 158
Table 90: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in filtration and separation……………………………….. 160
Table 91: Market size for SWNTs in filtration……………………………………………………………………………. 161
Table 92: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in filtration…………………………………………….. 163
Table 93: Market challenges for SWNTs in filtration…………………………………………………………………. 164
Table 94: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the filtration market……………………………………… 164
Table 95: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in lubricants………………………………………………………….. 165
Table 96: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in lubricants…………………………………………………….. 166
Table 97: Market size for SWNTs in lubricants…………………………………………………………………………. 166
Table 98: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in lubricants………………………………………….. 167
Table 99: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the lubricants market…………………………………… 167
Table 100: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in sensors…………………………………………………………… 168
Table 101: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in sensors……………………………………………………… 170
Table 102: Market size for SWNTs in sensors………………………………………………………………………….. 171
Table 103: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in sensors…………………………………………… 172
Table 104: Market challenges for SWNTs in sensors……………………………………………………………….. 173
Table 105: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the sensors market……………………………………. 174
Table 106: Types of smart textiles……………………………………………………………………………………………. 174
Table 107: Smart textile products……………………………………………………………………………………………… 175
Table 108: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in smart textiles and apparel………………………………. 175
Table 109: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in textiles and apparel…………………………………… 178
Table 110: Global market for smart clothing and apparel, 2014-2021, units and revenues (US$). 180
Table 111: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in smart textiles and apparel………………. 183
Table 112: Applications and commercialization challenges for SWNTs in smart textiles and apparel…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 183
Table 113: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the smart textiles and apparel market……….. 184
Table 114: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in conductive inks……………………………………………….. 185
Table 115: Comparative properties of conductive inks……………………………………………………………… 186
Table 116: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in conductive inks………………………………………….. 187
Table 117: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in conductive inks………………………………. 189
Table 118: Market challenges for SWNTs in conductive inks…………………………………………………… 190
Table 119: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the conductive inks market……………………….. 191
Table 120: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in 3D printing………………………………………………………. 191
Table 121: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in 3D printing…………………………………………………. 192
Table 122: Market size for SWNTs in 3D printing……………………………………………………………………… 192
Table 123: Market opportunity assessment for SWNTs in 3D printing……………………………………… 193
Table 124: Market challenges for SWNTs in 3D printing………………………………………………………….. 193
Table 125: Market challenges rating for SWNTs in the 3D printing market………………………………. 193
FIGURES
Figure 1: Molecular structures of SWNT and MWNT………………………………………………………………….. 25
Figure 2: The SGCNT synthesis method……………………………………………………………………………………. 33
Figure 3: Production capacities for SWNTs in kilograms, 2005-2016…………………………………………. 34
Figure 4: Schematic of single-walled carbon nanotube………………………………………………………………. 39
Figure 5: Double-walled carbon nanotube bundle cross-section micrograph and model……………. 41
Figure 6: Schematic representation of carbon nanohorns………………………………………………………….. 42
Figure 7: TEM image of carbon onion…………………………………………………………………………………………. 43
Figure 8: Fullerene schematic…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44
Figure 9: Schematic of Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). Alternating B and N atoms are shown in blue and red………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
Figure 10: Graphene can be rolled up into a carbon nanotube, wrapped into a fullerene, and stacked into graphite…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 48
Figure 11: Schematic representation of methods used for carbon nanotube synthesis (a) Arc discharge (b) Chemical vapor deposition (c) Laser ablation (d) hydrocarbon flames……………. 51
Figure 12: Arc discharge process for CNTs………………………………………………………………………………… 53
Figure 13: Schematic of thermal-CVD method……………………………………………………………………………. 54
Figure 14: Schematic of plasma-CVD method……………………………………………………………………………. 55
Figure 15: CoMoCAT® process………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 56
Figure 16: Schematic for flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes (a) premixed flame (b) counter-flow diffusion flame (c) co-flow diffusion flame (d) inverse diffusion flame……………………………………. 57
Figure 17: Schematic of laser ablation synthesis………………………………………………………………………… 58
Figure 18: Demand for single-walled carbon nanotubes, by market, 2016…………………………………. 61
Figure 19: Demand for single-walled carbon nanotubes, by market, 2027…………………………………. 62
Figure 20: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in adhesives, USD……………………………………. 71
Figure 21: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in aerospace……………………………………. 76
Figure 22: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in aerospace, USD…………………………………… 77
Figure 23: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in the automotive sector………………….. 82
Figure 24: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in automotive, USD………………………………….. 84
Figure 25: Potential addressable market for nanotech-enabled medical smart textiles and wearables……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 93
Figure 26: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in composites, USD……………………………….. 103
Figure 27: Global touch panel market ($ million), 2011-2018……………………………………………………. 110
Figure 28: Capacitive touch panel market forecast by layer structure (Ksqm)…………………………. 110
Figure 29: Global transparent conductive film market forecast (million $)………………………………… 111
Figure 30: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2015, %………. 111
Figure 31: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2020, %………. 112
Figure 32: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2027, %………. 112
Figure 33: Global market revenues for smart wearable devices 2014-2021, in US$………………… 113
Figure 34: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in flexible electronics and conductive films, USD……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 115
Figure 35: Emerging logic devices……………………………………………………………………………………………. 120
Figure 36: Thin film transistor incorporating CNTs……………………………………………………………………. 120
Figure 37: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components, USD………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 125
Figure 38: Carbon nanotubes NRAM chip………………………………………………………………………………… 129
Figure 39: Stretchable CNT memory and logic devices for wearable electronics……………………… 129
Figure 40: Schematic of NRAM cell………………………………………………………………………………………….. 131
Figure 41: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in batteries, USD……………………………………. 143
Figure 42: Suntech/TCNT nanotube frame module………………………………………………………………….. 150
Figure 43: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in sensors, USD……………………………………… 173
Figure 44: Global market revenues for smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$……………. 181
Figure 45: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$, conservative estimate………………………………………………………………………………………………… 182
Figure 46: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$, optimistic estimate……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 182
Figure 47: Global market for conductive inks and pastes in printed electronics, 2014-2020…….. 188
Figure 48: Potential addressable market for SWNTs in conductive inks, USD…………………………. 190
