The Global Market for Anti-Fog Coatings and Films

1              RESEARCH METHODOLOGY         10

• 1.1          Aims and objectives of the study               10
• 1.2          Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             11

2              EXECUTIVE SUMMARY   13

• 2.1          Why anti-fog coatings?  13
• 2.2          Advantages over traditional coatings       15
• 2.3          Market drivers and trends            16
• 2.4          End user market for anti-fog coatings      17
• 2.5          Global revenues for anti-fog coatings and films   18
• 2.6          Market challenges           20

3              OVERVIEW OF ANTI-FOG COATINGS        22

• 3.1          Properties           22
• 3.2          Production and synthesis methods          22
  • 3.2.1      Film coatings techniques analysis              23
  • 3.2.2      Superhydrophobic coatings on substrates             25
  • 3.2.3      Electrospray and electrospinning              26
  • 3.2.4      Chemical and electrochemical deposition              26
    • 3.2.4.1   Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)              26
    • 3.2.4.2   Physical vapor deposition (PVD) 28
    • 3.2.4.3   Atomic layer deposition (ALD)    28
    • 3.2.4.4   Aerosol coating 29
    • 3.2.4.5   Layer-by-layer Self-assembly (LBL)            30
    • 3.2.4.6   Sol-gel process  30
    • 3.2.4.7   Etching 33
• 3.3          Methods for producing anti-fog coatings                33
• 3.4          Types of anti-fog coatings             37
  • 3.4.1      Hydrophilic coatings       37
    • 3.4.1.1   Superhydrophilic anti-fogging     37
  • 3.4.2      Hydrophobic and superhydrophobic coatings and surfaces            38
    • 3.4.2.1   Hydrophobic coatings     38
    • 3.4.2.2   Superhydrophobic          39
  • 3.4.3      Oleophobic coatings and surfaces             41
    • 3.4.3.1   SLIPS     41
    • 3.4.3.2   Applications       42
    • 3.4.3.3   Hydrophilic/oleophobic anti-fogging        44
  • 3.4.4      Zwitterionic polymers    44
  • 3.4.5      Biomimetic anti-fogging materials             45
  • 3.4.6      Cellulose nanocrystals    46
    • 3.4.6.1   Synthesis             46
    • 3.4.6.2   Properties           49
    • 3.4.6.3   Anti-fog CNCs    50

4              MARKETS FOR ANTI-FOG COATINGS AND FILMS 51

• 4.1          Automotive        51
• 4.2          Solar panels        51
• 4.3          Healthcare and medical 52
• 4.4          Display devices and eyewear (optics)      53
• 4.5          Food packaging and agricultural films      53

5              ANTI-FOG COATINGS AND FILMS COMPANY PROFILES     55

6              REFERENCES       90

TABLES

• Table 1. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Examples.       11
• Table 2. Types of anti-fog solutions.         14
• Table 3. Market drivers and trends in anti-fog coatings.   16
• Table 4. Applications of anti-fog coatings.              17
• Table 5. Global revenues for anti-fog coatings and films, 2019-2030, millions USD, by market.       18
• Table 6. Market and technical challenges for anti-fog coatings.    20
• Table 7. Film coatings techniques.            23
• Table 8. Techniques for constructing superhydrophobic coatings on substrates.  25
• Table 9. Typical surfaces with superwettability used in anti-fogging.          34
• Table 10. Contact angles of hydrophilic, super hydrophilic, hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces. 38
• Table 11. Disadvantages of commonly utilized superhydrophobic coating methods.           40
• Table 12. Applications of oleophobic & omniphobic coatings.       42
• Table 13. Types of biomimetic materials and properties. 45
• Table 14. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC).     47
• Table 15. CNC sources, size and yield.      48
• Table 16. CNC properties.             49
• Table 17. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials.         49
• Table 18. Market overview of anti-fog coatings in automotive.    51
• Table 19. Market overview of anti-fog coatings in solar panels.    51
• Table 20. Market overview of anti-fog coatings in healthcare and medical.             52
• Table 21. Market overview of anti-fog coatings in display devices and eyewear (optics).   53
• Table 22. Market overview of anti-fog coatings in food packaging and agricultural films.   54
• Table 23. Akzo Nobel Armofog products.               60
• Table 24. Natoco anti-fog coating properties.      78
• Table 25. Film properties of MODIPER H.               83
•  

FIGURES

• Figure 1. Anti-fog goggles.            14
• Figure 2. Global revenues for anti-fog coatings, 2015-2030, by market.    19
• Figure 3. Nanocoatings synthesis techniques.      23
• Figure 4. Electrospray deposition.             26
• Figure 5. CVD technique.              27
• Figure 6. Schematic of ALD.          29
• Figure 7. SEM images of different layers of TiO2 nanoparticles in steel surface.    30
• Figure 8. The coating system is applied to the surface. The solvent evaporates.    31
• Figure 9. A first organization takes place where the silicon-containing bonding component (blue dots in figure 2) bonds covalently with the surface and cross-links with neighbouring molecules to form a strong three-dimensional.        32
• Figure 10. During the curing, the compounds organise themselves in a nanoscale monolayer. The fluorine-containing repellent component (red dots in figure 3) on top makes the glass hydro- phobic and oleophobic.               32
• Figure 11. Hydrophilic effect.      37
• Figure 12. Anti-fogging nanocoatings on protective eyewear.       38
• Figure 13. A schematic of (a) water droplet on normal hydrophobic surface with contact angle greater than 90° and (b) water droplet on a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle > 150°.              39
• Figure 14. Contact angle on superhydrophobic coated surface.    39
• Figure 15. SLIPS repellent coatings.          42
• Figure 16. Omniphobic coatings.                43
• Figure 17. Superhydrophilic zwitterionic polymer brushes.            44
• Figure 18. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals. 46
• Figure 19. CNC preparation.        47
• Figure 20. Extracting CNC from trees.      48
• Figure 21. FogKicker products.   50
• Figure 22. Face shield with anti-fog coating.         52
• Figure 23. Bostik anti-fog films.  62
• Figure 24. NANOMYTE® SAF-100 coated polycarbonate resists fogging over hot water (left) and upon being removed from a freezer (right).    81
• Figure 25. Schematic of MODOPER H series Anti-fog agents.         83

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