The Global Market for Hydrogels 2023-2033 - Nanotechnology Market Research

Published November 2022 | 190 pages, 38 tables, 48 figures | Download table of contents

In recent years, development of hydrogels has intensified for varied applications, especially in the biomedical market including tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensing.

A hydrogel is a three-dimensional (3D) network of hydrophilic polymers that can swell in water and hold a large amount of water while maintaining the structure due to chemical or physical cross-linking of individual polymer chains.

Hydrogels are derived from different natural and synthetic polymers but are also composite with various organic and nano-organic fillers. Hydrogels undergo a significant volume phase transition or gel-sol phase transition in response to certain physical and chemical stimuli. The physical stimuli include temperature, electric and magnetic fields, solvent composition, light intensity, and pressure, while the chemical or biochemical stimuli include pH, ions, and specific chemical compositions.

Report contents include:

Assessment of hydrogels by market including applications, key benefits, market megatrends, and main players. Markets covered include biomedicine, water purification & capture, agriculture, building & construction, electronics, energy storage & generation, sensors, membranes and self-healing.
Assessment of types of hydrogels.
Commercially available hydrogel products.
Hydrogel revenues 2020-2033, by market. Forecasts for key growth areas, opportunities and demand.
In-depth profiles of 60 companies, from medical multinationals to start-ups. Companies profiled include Agrobiogel, AEH Innovative Hydrogel, Amferia AB, Hy2Care, Flowbone, Medtronic, Nanoly Bioscience, OrthoSon, Oxford Medical Products, Purenum GmbH, TYBR Health and many more.

1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 13

2 INTRODUCTION 14

2.1 What are hydrogels? 14
- 2.1.1 Structure 15
  - 2.1.1.1 Hybrid hydrogels 16
    - 2.1.1.1.1 Nanocomposite hydrogels 16
    - 2.1.1.1.2 Macromolecular microsphere composite (MMC) hydrogels 16
    - 2.1.1.1.3 Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPN) hydrogels 17
    - 2.1.1.1.4 Double-network (DN) hydrogels 17
- 2.1.2 Classification 17
  - 2.1.2.1 Based on source 18
  - 2.1.2.2 Based on composition 18
  - 2.1.2.3 Based on configuration 19
  - 2.1.2.4 Based on crosslinking 19
  - 2.1.2.5 Size 19
    - 2.1.2.5.1 Microgels 19
    - 2.1.2.5.2 Nanogels 20
  - 2.1.2.6 Environmental response 21
  - 2.1.2.7 Degradability 21
2.2 Synthesis of hydrogels 21
- 2.2.1 Chemical Crosslinking 24
  - 2.2.1.1 Via monomers 25
  - 2.2.1.2 Via polymers 26
  - 2.2.1.3 Enzymatic crosslinking 26
- 2.2.2 Physical Crosslinking 27
2.3 Natural polymers 29
- 2.3.1 Alginate 30
- 2.3.2 Agarose 30
- 2.3.3 Carrageenan 31
- 2.3.4 Chitosan 31
- 2.3.5 Collagen 31
- 2.3.6 Dextran 32
- 2.3.7 Hyaluronic acid 32
- 2.3.8 Lignin 32
2.4 Synthetic (polymeric) hydrogels 34
2.5 Smart Hydrogels 36
- 2.5.1 Thermo-Sensitive Hydrogels 37
- 2.5.2 pH-Sensitive Hydrogels 38
- 2.5.3 Electro-Sensitive hydrogels 39
- 2.5.4 Light-Responsive hydrogels 39
- 2.5.5 Enzyme-Sensitive Hydrogels 40
- 2.5.6 Shape memory hydrogels (SMH) 40
  - 2.5.6.1 Tough shape memory hydrogels 41
  - 2.5.6.2 Triple-/multi-shape memory hydrogels 41
2.6 Luminescent hydrogels 41
2.7 Nanomaterial based hydrogels 42
- 2.7.1 Graphene 42
- 2.7.2 Carbon nanotubes 44
- 2.7.3 Nanoclays 44
- 2.7.4 Cellulose nanofibers 44
- 2.7.5 Cellulose nanocrystals 45
2.8 3D and 4D printed hydrogels 46

3 MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS 47

3.1 Hydrogel revenues, by market 2020-2033 47
3.2 Biomedicine 48
- 3.2.1 Market overview 48
- 3.2.2 Hydrogel medical products 49
  - 3.2.2.1 Oral delivery 49
  - 3.2.2.2 Ocular 50
  - 3.2.2.3 Wound dressings 51
- 3.2.3 Injectable hydrogels 55
  - 3.2.3.1 Overview 55
  - 3.2.3.2 Products 57
- 3.2.4 Coatings on medical implants 64
  - 3.2.4.1 Overview 64
- 3.2.5 Tissue engineering 65
  - 3.2.5.1 Overview 66
  - 3.2.5.2 Products 67
- 3.2.6 Skin care and cosmetics 68
  - 3.2.6.1 Overview 68
  - 3.2.6.2 Products 68
- 3.2.7 Facial correction/aesthetic products 69
  - 3.2.7.1 Overview 70
  - 3.2.7.2 Products 70
- 3.2.8 Biosensors 72
  - 3.2.8.1 Market overview 72
- 3.2.9 Other biomedical applications 73
3.3 Water purification and capture 75
- 3.3.1 Market overview 75
- 3.3.2 Hydrogel water purification 76
  - 3.3.2.1 Adsorption 76
  - 3.3.2.2 Solar evaporation 76
  - 3.3.2.3 Filtration 77
- 3.3.3 Water capture 78
3.4 Agriculture 80
- 3.4.1 Market overview 80
  - 3.4.1.1 Hydrogel fertilizers 80
  - 3.4.1.2 Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) 80
  - 3.4.1.3 Natural polymer hydrogels 82
  - 3.4.1.4 Nanomaterials hydrogels 82
  - 3.4.1.5 Methods for application 83
  - 3.4.1.6 Benefits and drawbacks 83
3.5 Building and construction 85
- 3.5.1 Market overview 85
- 3.5.2 Applications 85
  - 3.5.2.1 Cement and concrete 85
  - 3.5.2.2 Hydrogels for heating and cooling systems 86
  - 3.5.2.3 Self-healing road surfaces and asphalt 88
3.6 Electronics 89
- 3.6.1 Market overview 89
- 3.6.2 Applications 89
  - 3.6.2.1 Conductive hydrogels for soft and flexible electronics 89
3.7 Energy storage and generation 91
- 3.7.1 Market overview 91
- 3.7.2 Electrolytes and electrodes 91
  - 3.7.2.1 Conductive hydrogels 92
- 3.7.3 Batteries 93
- 3.7.4 Supercapacitors 94
- 3.7.5 Photovoltaics 95
3.8 Sensors 96
- 3.8.1 Market overview 96
- 3.8.2 Applications 96
  - 3.8.2.1 Strain/pressure sensors 96
  - 3.8.2.2 Biosensors 97
  - 3.8.2.3 Food quality sensors 97
3.9 Membranes 98
- 3.9.1 Market overview 98
- 3.9.2 Production 98
- 3.9.3 Applications 99
  - 3.9.3.1 Biomedical membranes 99
    - 3.9.3.1.1 Tissue engineering 99
    - 3.9.3.1.2 Drug delivery 100
    - 3.9.3.1.3 Organ-on-a-chip devices 102
  - 3.9.3.2 Filtration membranes 103
    - 3.9.3.2.1 Gas separation 103
    - 3.9.3.2.2 Oil/water 103
    - 3.9.3.2.3 Water/wastewater treatment 103
3.10 Anti-fouling coatings 105
3.11 Self-healing hydrogels 106
- 3.11.1 Self-healing mechanisms 106
  - 3.11.1.1 Hydrogen Bonding 107
  - 3.11.1.2 Ionic Bonds 107
  - 3.11.1.3 Host-Guest Interactions 107
  - 3.11.1.4 Hydrophobic Bonds 107
  - 3.11.1.5 Imine Bonds 108
  - 3.11.1.6 Arylhydrazone bonds 108
  - 3.11.1.7 Diels-Alder Reaction 108
- 3.11.2 Types and materials 109
  - 3.11.2.1 Natural Polymers 110
  - 3.11.2.2 Synthetic polymers 111
  - 3.11.2.3 Polyampholyte self-healing hydrogels 111
    - 3.11.2.3.1 Reversible polymer self-healing hydrogels 111
  - 3.11.2.4 Peptides 112
  - 3.11.2.5 Mussel-inspired proteins 112
  - 3.11.2.6 Bacterial cellulose 112
  - 3.11.2.7 Conductive polymers 113
  - 3.11.2.8 Zwitterionic polymers 115
  - 3.11.2.9 Nanomaterial self-healing hydrogels 115
    - 3.11.2.9.1 Graphene 115
    - 3.11.2.9.2 Carbon nanotubes 116
    - 3.11.2.9.3 Nanoclays 117
    - 3.11.2.9.4 Silicate nanoparticles 117
    - 3.11.2.9.5 Magnetic nanoparticles 117
- 3.11.3 Markets and applications 117

4 HYDROGEL COMPANY PROFILES 119 (60 company profiles)

5 REFERENCES 168

List of Tables

Table 1. Synthesis methods for hydrogels. 22
Table 2. Types of biobased aerogels. 30
Table 3. Example markets and applications for lignin. 32
Table 4. Applications of smart hydrogels by type. 36
Table 5. 4D printed hydrogels. 46
Table 6. Market overview of hydrogels in biomedicine. 48
Table 7. Clinically approved oral hydrogel products. 49
Table 8. Ocular hydrogel applications. 50
Table 9. Clinically approved ocular hydrogel products. 50
Table 10. Clinically approved wound dressing hydrogel products. 52
Table 11. Injectable hydrogels properties and applications. 55
Table 12. Clinically approved injectable hydrogels. 57
Table 13. Overview of hydrogels in medical implants. 64
Table 14. Market overview for hydrogels in tissue engineering. 66
Table 15. Hydrogel tissue engineering products. 67
Table 16. Commercially available hydrogel cosmetic products. 68
Table 17. Market overview of hydrogels in Facial correction/aesthetic products. 70
Table 18. Hydrogel Facial correction/aesthetic products. 70
Table 19. Market overview for hydrogels in biosensors. 73
Table 20. Market overview for hydrogels in water purification and capture. 75
Table 21. Benefits and drawbacks of hydrogels in agriculture. 83
Table 22. Market overview of hydrogels in buildings and construction. 85
Table 23. Hydrogel panel. 87
Table 24. Market overview of hydrogels in electronics. 89
Table 25. Market overview of hydrogels in energy storage and generation. 91
Table 26. Hydrogel tissue-like soft batteries. 92
Table 27. Properties and applications of conductive hydrogels. 92
Table 28. Hydrogels in batteries. 93
Table 29. Hydrogels in supercapacitors. 94
Table 30. Hydrogels in the sensors market. 96
Table 31. Hydrogels in tissue engineering . 100
Table 32. Applications of hydrogel membranes for tissue engineering and drug delivery. 102
Table 33. Applications of hydrogel membranes for separation processes in water/wastewater treatment. 103
Table 34. Self-healing natural polymers. 110
Table 35. Synthetic polymers. 111
Table 36. Components, preparation and properties of representative conductive polymer hydrogels. 114
Table 37. Properties of graphene. 115
Table 38. Applications of self-healing hydrogels. 117

List of Figures

Figure 1. Structure of hydrogel. 16
Figure 2. Classification of hydrogels based on properties. 18
Figure 3. Preparation and potential biomedical applications of click hydrogels, microgels and nanogels. 20
Figure 4. Polymers and crosslinking physico-chemistry. 22
Figure 5. Schematic illustrations of chemical crosslinking mechanism. 25
Figure 6. Four common free-radical polymerization methods. 26
Figure 7. Physically crosslinking stimuli sensitive to hydrogels. 28
Figure 8. Schematic of physical crosslinking mechanism. 29
Figure 9. Methods for producing bio-based aerogels. 29
Figure 10. Classification of polymer hydrogels. 34
Figure 11. Types of polymer hydrogels. 35
Figure 12. Schematic illustration smart hydrogels subjected to an external stimuli. 36
Figure 13. Schematic of thermogel application. 38
Figure 14. Applications of pH-sensitive hydrogel sensors in biomedicine. 39
Figure 15. Shape memory hydrogel. 40
Figure 16. Graphene aerogel. 43
Figure 17. Hydrogel revenues, by market 2020-2033 (millions USD). 47
Figure 18. Hydrogel wound dressing. 52
Figure 19. Injectable hydrogel. 55
Figure 20. Schematic illustration of approaches to make injectable hydrogels for cartilage- and bone tissue-engineering applications. 57
Figure 21. Hydrogel tissue engineering scaffold. 66
Figure 22. Hydrogel mask product. 68
Figure 23. Biosensor system structure. 72
Figure 24. Schematic of how hydrogels act in water purification by contaminant adsorption. 76
Figure 25. Schematic of hydrogels as the materials platform for highly efficient solar water purification. 77
Figure 26. Water harvesting with hydrogels. 78
Figure 27. Alsta Hydrogel. 81
Figure 28. Mechanism of action of hydrogel upon soil-based application. 82
Figure 29. Concrete Hydrogels. 86
Figure 30. Layered Hydrogel between Wall Panels. 87
Figure 31. Schematic of photovoltaic integrated water-electricity-crop co-production system. 95
Figure 32. Processes for hydrogel membrane fabrication. 99
Figure 33. Hydrogel drug delivery membranes. 101
Figure 34. Hydrogel shown in orange strong affinity with water and creates a layer of water on the hull which lowers hull friction. 105
Figure 35. Healing process in a hydrogel. 107
Figure 36. Chemical and noncovalent interactions behind self-healable hydrogels. 109
Figure 37. (A) Wound self-healing process (B) Different forms of wound dressings. 113
Figure 38. Organic hydrogel. 120
Figure 39. Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel. 124
Figure 40. MEDICELLU™. 125
Figure 41. Cellugy materials. 130
Figure 42. GelSana Therapeutics hydrogel. 139
Figure 43. PeptiGels®. 144
Figure 44. MEDAGEL patch. 147
Figure 45. Nix Biosensors patch. 148
Figure 46. GelrinC Procedure. 156
Figure 47. Spider silk production. 161
Figure 48. FibDex® wound dressing. 165

The Global Market for Hydrogels 2023-2033

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The Global Market for Hydrogels 2023-2033

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Published November 2022 | 190 pages, 38 tables, 48 figures | Download table of contents

1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 13

2 INTRODUCTION 14

3 MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS 47

4 HYDROGEL COMPANY PROFILES 119 (60 company profiles)

5 REFERENCES 168

List of Tables

List of Figures

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