Quantum Dots (QDs) are THE nanotechnology success story to date. Future Markets, Inc. has been tracking the global market for quantum dots for over a decade and watched as they have moved from basic research to a multi-billion dollar component market.
Since their synthesis over 30 years ago, QDs have featured in a range of optoelectronic devices, including TVs and displays, light-emitting devices (LEDs), solar cells, photodiodes, thermoelectrics, photoconductors and field-effect transistors, while QD solutions have been used in a number of in vivo and in vitro imaging, sensing and labelling techniques.
The global quantum dots (QD) based products market will be potentially valued at more than $35 billion by 2030. The optoelectronics market represents the vast majority of this figure, chiefly High Definition TVs-QLED-TVs.
TV displays still dominate the end user segment for QD-based products with a fast growing market for QD monitors. The use of QDs in solar conversion windows is also being heavily backed this year with a number of companies developing prototypes and funding multi-million dollar investments. The price of large QD-TVs is also falling.
The market is moving towards more advanced application of quantum dots in TVs with major producers, especially Samsung developing technologies beyond Quantum Dot Enhancement Film (QDEF) such as:
- QD Glass on LGP.
- Quantum dot colour filters (QDCF) for microLEDS and displays.
- Active Matrix Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diode (AMQLED).
- Perovskite QDs.
- Inkjet printed QDs.
Other notable growth markets include solar windows, lighting, sensors and anti-counterfeiting.
This 236 page analysis report on the quantum dots market is now in its 13th edition (First edition 2009). Contents include:
- QD types, properties and production methods.
- Changing market dynamics in the quantum dots market.
- New market areas including QD Colour Filters and Solar Window Coatings.
- In-depth market segmentation and analysis.
- Quantum dots application roadmap.
- Regional analysis.
- Historical, current and projected market size in terms of volume and value.
- Revenue estimates for quantum dots market to 2030.
- Recent industry trends and developments.
- Competitive landscape.
- Regulatory issues.
- Strategies of key players and products offered.
- Market revenues forecasts to 2030 and historical figures from 2013.
- Markets covered: TV displays and smartphone displays, solar cells, security tags, security inks, sensors, quantum dot lasers, quantum dot transistors, photonic crystals, bio-imaging, quantum dot solar windows, biomarkers, solid-material-based memory, thermoelectric materials, quantum dot computers, artificial photosynthesis and light emitting diodes (LEDs).
- Market assessment in QLED TVs and displays, including market drivers, commercialization, market revenues to 2030, manufacturing and product development.
- Market assessment in LED lighting, including market drivers, commercialization, market revenues to 2030, manufacturing and product development.
- Market assessment in biotechnology and medicine, including market drivers, commercialization, market revenues to 2030, manufacturing and product development.
- Market assessment in security and anti-counterfeiting, including market drivers, commercialization, market revenues to 2030, manufacturing and product development.
- Market assessment in sensors, including market drivers, commercialization, market revenues to 2030, manufacturing and product development.
- 81 company profiles.
Additions from previous editions include:
- Expanded regional analysis, especially for Asia.
- New sections covering Micro-LEDs, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), composites.
- New sections covering QD colour filter replacement, non-Cd ELQD devices, inkjey printing and perovskite QDs.
- Latest developments in QD–OLED screens.
- Expanded company profiles.
- 18 additional company profiles.
- Recent developments in quantum dot production by large chemical companies.
Published April 4 2019 | 236 pages, 72 tables, 68 figures | Table of contents
The Global Market for Wearables and Smart Textiles to 2027
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Research scope and methodology…………………………………………. 19
- 1.1 Report scope………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
- 1.2 Market definition………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
- 1.2.1 Categorization…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
- 1.3 Research methodology………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
- 1.4 Assumptions and limitations……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
- 1.5 Primary research…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
- 1.6 Secondary research……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
2 Executive summary………………………………………………………………. 22
- 2.1 Growth in high definition TV demand………………………………………………………………………………………… 23
- 2.1.1 QD advantages and definition of QLED…………………………………………………………………………….. 23
- 2.1.1.1 QLEDs/QD-OLEDs………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 24
- 2.1.1 QD advantages and definition of QLED…………………………………………………………………………….. 23
- 2.2 Market growth since 2013………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25
- 2.3 QD-TVs market……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 26
- 2.4 The Quantum Dot market in 2019……………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
- 2.5 Cadmium vs. cadmium free……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28
- 2.5.1 Cadmium QDs…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
- 2.5.2 Cadmium-free QDs………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28
- 2.5.3 European commission ban use of cadmium in TVs and displays…………………………………………….. 29
- 2.5.4 Perovskite quantum dots……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
- 2.5.5 Graphene quantum dots………………………………………………………………………………………………… 30
- 2.6 Quantum Dot Revenues 2015-2030…………………………………………………………………………………………. 30
- 2.7 Market drivers and trends………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31
- 2.8 Market challenges………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
3 Quantum dots………………………………………………………………………. 35
- 3.1 Properties…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
- 3.2 Synthesis…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 37
- 3.3 Types………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 38
- 3.3.1 Cadmium Selenide, Cadmium Sulfide and other materials…………………………………………………….. 38
- 3.3.2 Cadmium free quantum dots…………………………………………………………………………………………… 39
- 3.3.3 Graphene quantum dots………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39
- 3.3.3.1 Synthesis………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 40
- 3.3.3.2 Applications……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41
- 3.3.3.3 Pricing…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 42
- 3.3.3.4 Investment……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 43
- 3.3.4 Carbon quantum dots (CQds)…………………………………………………………………………………………. 43
- 3.3.4.1 Properties………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43
- 3.3.4.2 Applications……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43
- 3.3.5 Quantum rods…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 43
- 3.3.5.1 Properties………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43
- 3.3.5.2 Applications……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 44
4 Technology readiness level (TRL)………………………………………….. 45
5 Quantum dots industry analysis……………………………………………. 46
- 5.1 Key players………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 46
- 5.2 Licensing, collaborations and partnerships…………………………………………………………………………………. 48
- 5.3 Supply chain……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 51
6 Quantum dots regulations…………………………………………………….. 53
- 6.1 Europe………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 53
- 6.1.1 Cadmium exemption in TVs and lighting……………………………………………………………………………. 54
- 6.1.2 August 2017 ruling……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 54
- 6.2 United States………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 54
- 6.2.1 Low Volume Exemption (LVE)………………………………………………………………………………………… 55
- 6.2.2 New Chemicals Program……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 55
- 6.3 Asia………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 55
7 Markets for quantum dots……………………………………………………… 57
- 7.1 Revenues 2013-2030……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 58
- 7.2 Production and prices……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 60
- 7.3 Market for quantum dots, by region………………………………………………………………………………………….. 61
- 7.3.1 North America…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 62
- 7.3.2 Europe………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 63
- 7.3.3 Asia-Pacific………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 64
8 Quantum dots in TVs/displays……………………………………………….. 65
- 8.1 Market drivers and trends………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 65
- 8.2 Display performance progress………………………………………………………………………………………………… 68
- 8.2.1 Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR)…………………………………………………………………… 68
- 8.2.2 Cd-based QLEDs…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 69
- 8.2.3 Cd-free QLEDs……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 70
- 8.2.4 OLEDs………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 71
- 8.2.4.1 Fluorescent OLEDs………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 71
- 8.2.4.2 Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) OLEDs…………………………………………………… 72
- 8.2.4.3 Phosphorescent OLEDs (PhOLEDs)……………………………………………………………………………. 73
- 8.2.4.4 Soluble OLEDs……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 73
- 8.2.5 TFT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 74
- 8.3 Applications………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 76
- 8.3.1 LCDS vs. OLEDs vs. QD-LCDs/QLEDs…………………………………………………………………………….. 76
- 8.3.2 QD-LCD TVs/QLEDs……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 78
- 8.3.3 Micro-LEDs………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 79
- 8.3.4 QD colour filter replacement…………………………………………………………………………………………… 79
- 8.3.5 Non-Cd ELQD…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 80
- 8.3.5.1 CdSe ELQD devices………………………………………………………………………………………………… 80
- 8.3.5.2 InP-based ELQD devices………………………………………………………………………………………….. 81
- 8.3.5.3 Combination with other nanomaterials………………………………………………………………………….. 82
- 8.3.6 Inkjet printing………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 82
- 8.3.7 Perovskite QDs…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 83
- 8.4 Synthesis and manufacturing………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 84
- 8.4.1 Integration into LCDs……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 86
- 8.4.2 Types of QD displays and materials used………………………………………………………………………….. 88
- 8.4.2.1 On-edge (edge optic)……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 88
- 8.4.2.2 On-surface (film)……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 89
- 8.4.2.3 QD colour filter (QDF)………………………………………………………………………………………………. 89
- 8.4.2.4 On-chip…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 90
- 8.4.2.5 Active Matrix Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diode (AMQLED)……………………………………………… 90
- 8.4.2.6 QD Glass LGP………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 90
- 8.4.2.7 Quantum dot/OLED hybrid…………………………………………………………………………………………. 91
- 8.4.2.8 Quantum rods…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 91
- 8.4.2.9 Quantum converters with red phosphors……………………………………………………………………….. 92
- 8.4.2.10 Electroluminescent (EL)QD displays………………………………………………………………………… 92
- 8.4.3 Flexible displays………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 93
- 8.4.3.1 Inkjet printed QD displays………………………………………………………………………………………….. 94
- 8.4.3.2 Flexible LCDs…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 94
- 8.4.3.3 Flexible OLEDs (FOLED)………………………………………………………………………………………….. 95
- 8.4.3.4 Flexible AMOLED……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 97
- 8.4.3.5 Flexible electrophoretic displays………………………………………………………………………………….. 98
- 8.4.3.6 Flexible QLEDs……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 99
- 8.5 QD-LCD products……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 100
- 8.5.1 Commercialization timeline for quantum dot display products……………………………………………….. 100
- 8.6 Industry and research developments 2013-2019……………………………………………………………………….. 102
- 8.7 Global market for quantum dots in TVs and displays…………………………………………………………………… 104
- 8.7.1 OLED market…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 104
- 8.7.2 QD-TV unit sales 2016-2030…………………………………………………………………………………………. 104
- 8.7.3 QD Monitor Unit sales 2015-2030………………………………………………………………………………….. 106
- 8.8 Quantum dot TV and display companies………………………………………………………………………………….. 107
9 Quantum dots in photovoltaics……………………………………………. 109
- 9.1 Market drivers and trends…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 109
- 9.2 Applications………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 111
- 9.2.1 Nanomaterials in solar cells………………………………………………………………………………………….. 111
- 9.2.2 Advantages of quantum dots in photovoltaics……………………………………………………………………. 111
- 9.2.3 Types of quantum dot solar cells……………………………………………………………………………………. 112
- 9.2.3.1 Metal—semiconductor/ Schottky QD junction solar cell…………………………………………………… 112
- 9.2.3.2 Silicon/QD Film Hydrid Solar Cells……………………………………………………………………………… 113
- 9.2.3.3 Silicon/Graphene QD Film Hydrid Solar Cells……………………………………………………………….. 113
- 9.2.3.4 Depleted-heterojunction QD solar cell…………………………………………………………………………. 113
- 9.2.3.5 QD-sensitized solar cells (QDSSC)……………………………………………………………………………. 113
- 9.2.3.6 Quantum dot solar windows……………………………………………………………………………………… 115
- 9.3 Market challenges………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 116
- 9.4 Industry and research developments 2013-2019……………………………………………………………………….. 117
- 9.5 Global market for quantum dots in photovoltaics………………………………………………………………………… 118
- 9.6 Quantum dot photovoltaics companies……………………………………………………………………………………. 120
10 Quantum dots in LED lighting……………………………………………… 122
- 10.1 Market drivers and trends…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 122
- 10.2 Applications………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 124
- 10.2.1 LED lighting………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 124
- 10.2.2 Horticultural lighting…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 126
- 10.3 Market challenges………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 126
- 10.4 Industry and research developments 2013-2019……………………………………………………………………. 127
- 10.5 Global market for quantum dots in LED lighting…………………………………………………………………….. 128
- 10.6 Quantum dot lighting companies………………………………………………………………………………………… 129
11 Quantum dots in biotechnology and medicine……………………… 131
- 11.1 Market drivers and trends…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 132
- 11.2 Applications………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 135
- 11.2.1 Imaging and diagnostics………………………………………………………………………………………………. 135
- 11.2.1.1 Biomarkers……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 136
- 11.2.1.2 Photodynamic therapy………………………………………………………………………………………… 136
- 11.2.1.3 Point-of-care…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 136
- 11.2.2 Drug delivery…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 136
- 11.2.1 Imaging and diagnostics………………………………………………………………………………………………. 135
- 11.3 Market challenges………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 137
- 11.4 Global market for quantum dots in biotechnology and medicine………………………………………………… 138
- 11.4.1 Imaging and diagnostics………………………………………………………………………………………………. 138
- 11.4.2 Drug delivery…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 139
- 11.5 Quantum dot biotechnology and medicine companies…………………………………………………………….. 140
12 Quantum dots in security and anti-counterfeiting…………………. 142
- 12.1 Market drivers and trends…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 142
- 12.2 Applications………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 143
- 12.3 Global market size for quantum dots in security and anti-counterfeiting………………………………………. 144
- 12.4 Quantum dot security and anti-counterfeiting Companies………………………………………………………… 145
13 Quantum dots in sensors…………………………………………………….. 147
- 13.1 Market drivers and trends…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 147
- 13.2 Applications………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 148
- 13.2.1 Food sensors…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 149
- 13.2.2 Chemical and gas sensors……………………………………………………………………………………………. 149
- 13.2.3 Biosensors……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 149
- 13.2.4 Image sensors…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 150
- 13.3 Global market size for quantum dots in sensors…………………………………………………………………….. 151
- 13.4 Market challenges………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 152
- 13.5 Quantum dot sensor companies………………………………………………………………………………………… 153
14 Other markets…………………………………………………………………….. 154
- 14.1 Batteries………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 154
- 14.1.1 Properties…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 154
- 14.1.2 Companies……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 154
- 14.2 Thermoelectrics……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 154
- 14.2.1 Properties…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 154
- 14.2.2 Companies……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 155
- 14.3 QD Lasers……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 155
- 14.3.1 Companies……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 156
- 14.4 Photocatalysts……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 156
- 14.5 Spectrometers……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 156
- 14.6 Electronics……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 157
- 14.7 Hydrogen production………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 157
- 14.8 Autonomous vehicles………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 157
15 Quantum dot company profiles……………………………………………. 158
- 15.1 Quantum dot producers…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 158
- 15.1.1 Advano…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 158
- 15.1.2 American Dye Source, inc……………………………………………………………………………………………. 158
- 15.1.3 Antibodies Incorporated……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 159
- 15.1.4 Applied Quantum Materials Inc……………………………………………………………………………………… 160
- 15.1.5 Attonuclei…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 162
- 15.1.6 Avantama AG……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 163
- 15.1.7 CAN GmbH………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 164
- 15.1.8 China Beijing Beida Jubang Science & Technology Co., Ltd………………………………………………… 165
- 15.1.9 Creative Diagnostics…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 166
- 15.1.10 CrystalPlex Corporation…………………………………………………………………………………………… 167
- 15.1.11 Cytodiagnostics……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 169
- 15.1.12 Dow Chemical Company…………………………………………………………………………………………. 170
- 15.1.13 Dotz Nano ltd………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 171
- 15.1.14 Dupont………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 172
- 15.1.15 Emfutur Technologies……………………………………………………………………………………………… 172
- 15.1.16 Evident Thermoelectrics………………………………………………………………………………………….. 173
- 15.1.17 Fuji Pigment Co., LTd……………………………………………………………………………………………… 174
- 15.1.18 Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd………………………………………………………………………………… 175
- 15.1.19 Hansol Chemical Co., Ltd………………………………………………………………………………………… 177
- 15.1.20 IQDEMY Quantum Technology SA…………………………………………………………………………….. 178
- 15.1.21 KRI, Inc……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 179
- 15.1.22 Merck KGaA/EMD Performace Materials…………………………………………………………………….. 180
- 15.1.23 Mesolight……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 181
- 15.1.24 Lab21 Limited……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 182
- 15.1.25 Najing Tech………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 183
- 15.1.26 Nano Elements Source, LLC…………………………………………………………………………………….. 183
- 15.1.27 Nano Chem Tech, Inc……………………………………………………………………………………………… 184
- 15.1.28 Nanoco Group Plc………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 185
- 15.1.29 Nanooptical Materials, Inc………………………………………………………………………………………… 186
- 15.1.30 NanoPhotonica, Inc………………………………………………………………………………………………… 187
- 15.1.31 Nanosquare, Inc…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 188
- 15.1.32 Nanosys, Inc…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 189
- 15.1.33 Navillum Nanotechnolgies, LLC…………………………………………………………………………………. 190
- 15.1.34 Nexdot SAS………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 191
- 15.1.35 Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd……………………………………………………………………………. 192
- 15.1.36 NN-Labs, LLC……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 192
- 15.1.37 Ocean Nanotech LLC……………………………………………………………………………………………… 193
- 15.1.38 Particle Works……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 193
- 15.1.39 PhosphorTech Corporation………………………………………………………………………………………. 194
- 15.1.40 Quantum Materials…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 195
- 15.1.41 Quantum Solutions…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 196
- 15.1.42 Shanghai Simbatt Energy Technology Co., Ltd……………………………………………………………… 197
- 15.1.43 Shoei Chemical, Inc………………………………………………………………………………………………… 198
- 15.1.44 Sigma-Aldrich……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 199
- 15.1.45 Sinon Therapeutics………………………………………………………………………………………………… 199
- 15.1.46 Solvay SA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 200
- 15.1.47 StoreDot Ltd…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 201
- 15.1.48 Thermo Fisher Scientific………………………………………………………………………………………….. 201
- 15.1.49 Tianjin Zhonghuan Electronic Lighting Technology Co., Ltd……………………………………………… 202
- 15.1.50 UbiQD, LLC………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 202
- 15.1.51 Unique Materials……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 203
- 15.1.52 Wah Hong Industrial Corporation……………………………………………………………………………….. 204
- 15.1.53 Wuhan Jiayuan Quantum Dots Co., LTd……………………………………………………………………… 204
- 15.1.54 XF Nano………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 205
- 15.1.55 Zhonghuan Quantum………………………………………………………………………………………………. 205
- 15.2 Quantum dot product developers……………………………………………………………………………………….. 207
- 15.2.1 Acer, Inc…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 207
- 15.2.2 AUO Optronics………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 208
- 15.2.3 BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd……………………………………………………………………………………. 209
- 15.2.4 Efun Technology Co., Ltd…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 209
- 15.2.5 HiSense…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 211
- 15.2.6 Innolux Corporation…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 211
- 15.2.7 LG Display Co., Ltd…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 212
- 15.2.8 LMS Co., Ltd…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 213
- 15.2.9 Lumileds…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 214
- 15.2.10 Luminit………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 215
- 15.2.11 ML System S.A Zaczernie………………………………………………………………………………………… 216
- 15.2.12 Nano-Lit Technologies…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 217
- 15.2.13 Natcore Technology, Inc………………………………………………………………………………………….. 218
- 15.2.14 NS Materials, Inc……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 219
- 15.2.15 Osram Opto Semiconductors……………………………………………………………………………………. 220
- 15.2.16 QD Laser, Inc………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 221
- 15.2.17 QD Solar……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 223
- 15.2.18 QMAT, Inc……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 223
- 15.2.19 Quantag………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 224
- 15.2.20 Ranovus………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 225
- 15.2.21 Raytheon Company………………………………………………………………………………………………… 225
- 15.2.22 Revolution Lighting Technologies………………………………………………………………………………. 226
- 15.2.23 Samsung……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 226
- 15.2.24 TCL Corporation…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 227
- 15.2.25 Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd………………………………………………………………………………. 227
- 15.2.26 TPV-Vision…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 228
16 References…………………………………………………………………………. 229
Tables
- Table 1: Categorization of nanomaterials……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
- Table 2: Market summary for the quantum dots market…………………………………………………………………………….. 23
- Table 3: Commercially available quantum dot display products…………………………………………………………………… 26
- Table 4: Quantum dot TVs launched 2017-2019………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
- Table 5: Total QD-based component revenues 2015-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates……………….. 30
- Table 6: Market drivers and trends for quantum dots………………………………………………………………………………… 31
- Table 7: Impact of market drivers for the quantum dots market……………………………………………………………………. 33
- Table 8: Market challenges for quantum dots………………………………………………………………………………………….. 33
- Table 9: Chemical synthesis of quantum dots…………………………………………………………………………………………. 37
- Table 10: Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs……………………………………………………………….. 39
- Table 11: Applications of carbon quantum dots……………………………………………………………………………………….. 43
- Table 12: Quantum dot producers-Types of dots produced, target markets and estimated revenues…………………… 45
- Table 13: Quantum dots collaborations and partnerships…………………………………………………………………………… 48
- Table 14: Product development agreements in quantum dot displays…………………………………………………………… 49
- Table 15: Potential niche markets for QD products…………………………………………………………………………………… 51
- Table 16: Quantum dots market structure………………………………………………………………………………………………. 51
- Table 17: Markets, benefits and applications of quantum dots…………………………………………………………………….. 55
- Table 18: Total QD-based component revenues 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates……………… 57
- Table 19: Production of quantum dots…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 59
- Table 20: Example prices of quantum dots……………………………………………………………………………………………… 59
- Table 21: Market snapshot for quantum dots in TV/displays……………………………………………………………………….. 63
- Table 22: Market drivers and trends for quantum dots in LCD TVs and Displays…………………………………………….. 65
- Table 23: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the LCD TVs/Displays market……………………………………… 66
- Table 24: Device performances of Cd-based QLEDs………………………………………………………………………………… 67
- Table 25. Device performances of Cd-free QLEDs…………………………………………………………………………………… 68
- Table 26: Device performances of fluorescent OLEDs………………………………………………………………………………. 70
- Table 27: Device performances of TADF OLEDs……………………………………………………………………………………… 71
- Table 28: Device performances of PhOLEDs………………………………………………………………………………………….. 71
- Table 29: Device performances of soluble OLEDs……………………………………………………………………………………. 72
- Table 30: Advantages and disadvantages of LCDs, OLEDs and QDs…………………………………………………………… 75
- Table 31: Types of QD-TV displays………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 82
- Table 32: Approaches for integrating QDs into displays…………………………………………………………………………….. 85
- Table 33: Commercialization timeline for QD display products…………………………………………………………………….. 98
- Table 34: Commercially available quantum dot display products…………………………………………………………………. 99
- Table 35: Commercial development and research highlights in quantum dots in LCDs and OLEDs 2013-2019…….. 100
- Table 36: QD-TV unit sales 2016-2030, conservative and optimistic estimates……………………………………………… 104
- Table 37: Quantum dots product and application developers in TVs and displays………………………………………….. 105
- Table 38: Market snapshot for quantum dots in photovoltaics……………………………………………………………………. 106
- Table 39: Market drivers and trends in quantum dots in photovoltaics…………………………………………………………. 107
- Table 40: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the photovoltaics market…………………………………………… 108
- Table 41: Advantages of quantum dots in photovoltaics…………………………………………………………………………… 109
- Table 42: Schottky QD Junction solar cells……………………………………………………………………………………………. 110
- Table 43: Comparison of third generation solar cells……………………………………………………………………………….. 112
- Table 44: Market challenges rating for quantum dots in the solar market……………………………………………………… 114
- Table 45: Commercial development and research highlights in quantum dots in photovoltaics, 2013-2019…………. 115
- Table 46: Total QD photovoltaic component revenues 2013-2030 $M), conservative and optimistic estimates……… 116
- Table 47: Quantum dots product and application developers in photovoltaics……………………………………………….. 118
- Table 48: Market snapshot for quantum dots in LED lighting…………………………………………………………………….. 119
- Table 49: Market drivers and trends for quantum dots in LED lighting…………………………………………………………. 119
- Table 50: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the LED lighting market…………………………………………….. 120
- Table 51: QD-LEDs and External quantum efficiencies (EQE)…………………………………………………………………… 122
- Table 52: Market challenges rating for quantum dots in the lighting and UVC market……………………………………… 123
- Table 53: Commercial development and research highlights in quantum dots in LED lighting 2013-2019……………. 124
- Table 54: Total QD LED lighting component revenues 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates……. 125
- Table 55: Quantum dots product and application developers in lighting……………………………………………………….. 126
- Table 56: Market snapshot for quantum dots in biotechnology and medicine market………………………………………. 128
- Table 57: Market drivers and trends for quantum dots in biotechnology and medicine…………………………………….. 128
- Table 58: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the biotech and medicine market………………………………… 131
- Table 59: Market challenges in imaging and diagnostics………………………………………………………………………….. 134
- Table 60: Market challenges rating for quantum dots in the medical imaging and diagnostics market…………………. 134
- Table 61: Total QD revenues in biotechnology and medicine 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates. 135
- Table 62: Quantum dots product and application developers in biotechnology and medicine……………………………. 137
- Table 63: Market snapshot for quantum dots in security and anti-counterfeiting…………………………………………….. 137
- Table 64: Market drivers and trends for quantum dots in security and anti-counterfeiting…………………………………. 138
- Table 65: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the security and anti-counterfeiting market……………………. 139
- Table 66: Total QD revenues in security and anti-counterfeiting 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 140
- Table 67: Quantum dots product and application developers in security………………………………………………………. 141
- Table 68: Overall market assessment for the quantum dots in the sensors market…………………………………………. 142
- Table 69: Market drivers and trends for quantum dots in sensors………………………………………………………………. 142
- Table 70: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the sensors market………………………………………………….. 143
- Table 71: Quantum dot sensors and applications……………………………………………………………………………………. 144
- Table 72: Total QD revenues in sensors 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates………………………. 146
- Table 73: Market challenges rating for quantum dots in the sensors market…………………………………………………. 148
- Table 74: Quantum dots product and application developers in sensors………………………………………………………. 148
- Table 75: Quantum dots product and application developers in batteries……………………………………………………… 149
- Table 76: Quantum dots product and application developers in thermoelectrics…………………………………………….. 150
- Table 77: Quantum dots product and application developers in lasers…………………………………………………………. 151
Figures
- Figure 1: QLED TV from Samsung……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 24
- Figure 2: 5” QLED prototype with 320×240 (80ppi) resolution and a 14” QLED prototype with 960×540 (80ppi) resolution………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 25
- Figure 3: Samsung QDs utilized in 2017 range of QLED TVs……………………………………………………………………… 27
- Figure 4: UHD HDR cadmium QD TVs………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
- Figure 5: Perovskite quantum dots under UV light……………………………………………………………………………………. 30
- Figure 6: Total QD component revenues 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates……………………….. 31
- Figure 7: Quantum dot schematic…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 36
- Figure 8: The light-blue curve represents a typical spectrum from a conventional white-LED LCD TV. With quantum dots, the spectrum is tunable to any colours of red, green, and blue, and each Color is limited to a narrow band. 36
- Figure 9: Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDs. HRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1–4)………………………………………………………………………… 40
- Figure 10: Green-fluorescing graphene quantum dots………………………………………………………………………………. 42
- Figure 11: Graphene quantum dots………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 42
- Figure 12: Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for quantum dots…………………………………………………………………. 45
- Figure 13: Schematic of typical commercialization route for quantum dots producer………………………………………… 50
- Figure 14: Total QD component revenues 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates……………………… 58
- Figure 15: End user markets for QDs 2018, %………………………………………………………………………………………… 58
- Figure 16: End user markets for QDs 2030, %………………………………………………………………………………………… 59
- Figure 17: Demand for quantum dots 2017, by region……………………………………………………………………………….. 60
- Figure 18: Samsung QD-LCD TVs, UHD range……………………………………………………………………………………….. 65
- Figure 19: Samsung QLED TV range……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 65
- Figure 20: Quantum dot LED backlighting schematic………………………………………………………………………………… 77
- Figure 21: Individual red, green and blue microLED arrays based on quantum dots…………………………………………. 77
- Figure 22. Ink-jet printed 5-inch AM-QLED display…………………………………………………………………………………… 81
- Figure 23: Methods for integrating QDs into LCD System. (a) On-chip (b) On-edge. (c) On-surface…………………….. 86
- Figure 24: On-edge configuration…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 87
- Figure 25: QD-film integration into a standard LCD display………………………………………………………………………… 87
- Figure 26: Inkjet-printed pattern on a QDCF……………………………………………………………………………………………. 87
- Figure 27: Samsung 8K 65″ QD Glass…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 88
- Figure 28: Schematic of Quantum Dot on Glass………………………………………………………………………………………. 89
- Figure 29: QD/OLED hybrid schematic…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 89
- Figure 30: LCD using Quantum rods (right) versus a standard LCD……………………………………………………………… 90
- Figure 31: Quantum phosphor schematic in LED TV backlight……………………………………………………………………. 90
- Figure 32: The Wall microLED display…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 91
- Figure 33: Carbon nanotubes flexible, rechargeable yarn batteries incorporated into flexible, rechargeable yarn batteries…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 92
- Figure 34: Ink-jet printed 5-inch AM-QLED display (80 dpi)………………………………………………………………………… 92
- Figure 35: Flexible LCD……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 93
- Figure 36: “Full ActiveTM Flex”……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 93
- Figure 37: FOLED schematic………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 95
- Figure 38: Foldable display…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 95
- Figure 39: Stretchable AMOLED………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 96
- Figure 40: LGD 12.3” FHD Automotive OLED…………………………………………………………………………………………. 96
- Figure 41: LECTUM® display………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 97
- Figure 42: Flexible & stretchable LEDs based on quantum dots………………………………………………………………….. 97
- Figure 43: Samsung CF791 QD monitor………………………………………………………………………………………………… 99
- Figure 44: Acer Z271UV Quantum Dot monitor……………………………………………………………………………………….. 99
- Figure 45: QD-TV unit sales 2016-2030, conservative estimates……………………………………………………………….. 103
- Figure 46: QD-TV unit sales 2016-2030, optimistic estimates……………………………………………………………………. 103
- Figure 47: QD Monitor Unit sales 2015-2030…………………………………………………………………………………………. 105
- Figure 48: QD-LCD supply chain………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 105
- Figure 49: (a) Schematic of Schottky barrier quantum dots based solar cell…………………………………………………. 110
- Figure 50: Schematic of QD Solar Cell………………………………………………………………………………………………… 111
- Figure 51: Doped quantum dot LSC…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 112
- Figure 52: QD coated solar windows…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 113
- Figure 53: A layer of highly emissive manganese-doped quantum dots onto the outside surface of the outer glass pane (top layer on the left image below) and a layer of copper indium selenide quantum dots onto the inner surface of the inside (bottom) pane………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 113
- Figure 54: QDSSC Module………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 114
- Figure 55: Total QD photovoltaics component revenues 2013-2030 ($100,000s), conservative and optimistic estimates……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 117
- Figure 56: Fourth generation QD-LEDs………………………………………………………………………………………………… 122
- Figure 57: Total QD LED lighting component revenues 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates…… 126
- Figure 58: Total QD revenues in biotechnology and medicine revenues 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 136
- Figure 59: Total QD revenues in in anti-counterfeiting and security 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 141
- Figure 60: InVisage QuantumFilm schematic………………………………………………………………………………………… 146
- Figure 61: Total QD revenues in in sensors 2013-2030 ($M), conservative and optimistic estimates………………….. 147
- Figure 62: StoreDot battery charger…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 149
- Figure 63: Schematic of QD laser device……………………………………………………………………………………………… 150
- Figure 64: Quantum dot spectrometer………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 151
- Figure 65: InP/ZnS, perovskite quantum dots and silicon resin composite under UV illumination……………………….. 170
- Figure 66: Quantum dots tag on plastic bottle………………………………………………………………………………………… 173
- Figure 67. QDSSC Module………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 211
- Figure 68: Quantum dot sheet……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 214
