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Advanced Recycling Market
Advanced Recycling Market

The Global Advanced (Chemical or Feedstock) Recycling Market 2025-2040

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  • Published: March 2025
  • Pages: 363
  • Tables: 89
  • Figures: 54

 

Advanced recycling, sometimes referred to as chemical or feedstock recycling, is a process that breaks down waste to the molecular level so it can be converted to new raw materials. The advanced recycling market is experiencing major  growth as stakeholders seek solutions for previously unrecyclable plastic waste. Unlike mechanical recycling, which primarily reshapes polymers, advanced recycling breaks materials down to molecular building blocks, enabling true circularity for a wider range of plastics and other materials.

The market is driven by increasing regulatory pressure, corporate sustainability commitments, and technological maturation across multiple conversion platforms. Leading technologies include pyrolysis, gasification, solvolysis, and depolymerization, each targeting specific polymer streams or end-product applications. Investment flows into the sector have accelerated dramatically, with over $7.5 billion committed since 2020. This integration of advanced recycling with conventional petrochemical infrastructure creates deployment advantages through existing distribution networks and technical expertise.

Regulatory frameworks increasingly support advanced recycling adoption. The European Union's Circular Economy Action Plan and Plastic Packaging Levy create direct economic incentives for recycled content, while the U.S. EPA and state-level legislation increasingly recognize chemical recycling as legitimate recycling rather than waste disposal.  Challenges persist despite these advances. Capital intensity remains high at $1,500-4,000 per ton of annual capacity, creating economic barriers to rapid scaling. Process yield and energy efficiency improvements continue through catalyst development and process integration, gradually improving economics. Feedstock quality and consistency represent operational challenges, with contaminants potentially affecting catalyst performance and product quality.

Market forecasts suggest advanced recycling will process 20-25 million tons of plastic waste annually by 2030, representing approximately 5-7% of global plastic production. While still a modest fraction of total plastics volume, this represents significant growth from current levels (<1%) and creates meaningful circular pathways for materials previously destined for landfills or incineration. The sector's evolution increasingly focuses on specialized applications where advanced recycling provides unique value rather than competing directly with mechanical recycling for clean, homogeneous streams. This complementary approach addresses the full spectrum of plastic waste while optimizing environmental and economic performance across different material qualities and contamination levels.

The  Advanced (Chemical or Feedstock) Recycling Market 2025-2040 report provides an in-depth analysis of the rapidly evolving technologies, market dynamics, and growth opportunities in the advanced (chemical or feedstock) recycling sector. As global plastic production reaches unprecedented levels and environmental concerns intensify, advanced recycling emerges as a critical solution for transforming plastic waste into valuable chemical feedstocks and materials. This report delivers essential insights for stakeholders across the value chain, from technology developers and investors to consumer product companies and policymakers. Report contents include: 

  • Market Drivers & Trends Analysis: Detailed examination of environmental concerns, regulatory policies, corporate sustainability initiatives, technological advancements, and circular economy adoption driving market growth
  • Comprehensive Technology Assessment: In-depth coverage of pyrolysis, gasification, dissolution, and depolymerization technologies, including SWOT analyses and commercial readiness
  • Material-Specific Insights: Detailed analysis of recycling processes for polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), PET, polystyrene (PS), and other polymers
  • Competitive Landscape: Profiles of 193 companies operating across the advanced recycling value chain, including capacities and technological approaches
  • Regional Market Analysis: Forecasts for Europe, North America, South America, Asia, Oceania, and Africa from 2022-2040
  • End Product Evaluation: Analysis of chemical feedstocks, fuels, raw materials, and energy products derived from advanced recycling
  • Environmental Impact Assessment: Carbon footprint analysis, energy consumption assessment, and sustainability metrics
  • Emerging Technologies: Analysis of AI applications, robotics in sorting, and novel catalyst development
  • Investment & Capacity Trends: Complete overview of industry news, funding, and capacity developments from 2020-2025
  • Value Chain Analysis: Comprehensive mapping of the advanced recycling ecosystem and market positioning

 

The report features extensive data on polymer demand segmented by recycling technology, life cycle assessments comparing different recycling methods, and detailed price and yield analyses. 

The report provides comprehensive profiles of 193 key players in the advanced recycling market, including Accurec Recycling, Aduro Clean Technologies, Advanced Plastic Purification International, Aeternal Upcycling, Agilyx, Alpha Recyclage Composites, Alterra Energy, Ambercycle, Anellotech, Anhui Oursun Resource Technology, APChemi, Aquafil, ARCUS Greencycling, Arkema, Axens, BASF, Bcircular, BioBTX, Biofabrik Technologies, Blest, Blue Cycle, BlueAlp Technology, Borealis, Boston Materials, Braven Environmental, Breaking, Brightmark, Cadel Deinking, Carbios, Carboliq, Carbon Fiber Recycling, Cassandra Oil, CIRC, Chian Tianying, Chevron Phillips Chemical, Clariter, Clean Energy Enterprises, Clean Planet Energy, Corsair Group International, Covestro, CreaCycle, CuRe Technology, Cyclic Materials, Cyclize, DeepTech Recycling, DePoly, DOPS Recycling Technology, Dow Chemical, DyeRecycle, Descycle, Eastman Chemical, Eco Fuel Technology, Ecopek, Ecoplasteam, ECO RnS, Eeden, Emery Oleochemicals, Encina Development Group, Enerkem, Enespa, Enval, Environmental Solutions, Epoch Biodesign, Equipolymers, Evonik Industries, Evrnu, Extracthive, ExxonMobil, Fairmat, Fulcrum BioEnergy, Futerro, Freepoint Eco-Systems, Fych Technologies, Garbo, GreenMantra Technologies, Greyparrot, Gr3n, Handerek Technologies, Hanwha Solutions, Honeywell, Hyundai Chemical, Indaver, InEnTec, INEOS Styrolution, Infinited Fiber Company, Ioncell, Ioniqa Technologies, Itero Technologies, Jeplan, JFE Chemical, Kaneka, Khepra, Klean Industries, Lanzatech, Licella, Loop Industries, LOTTE Chemical, Lummus Technology, LyondellBasell Industries, MacroCycle Technologies, Metaspectral, METYCLE, Mint Innovation, Microwave Chemical, Mitsubishi Chemical, MolyWorks Materials, Mote, Mura Technology, Nanya Plastics, NatureWorks, Neste, New Hope Energy, Nexus Circular, Next Generation Group, Novoloop, Olefy Technologies, OMV, Orlen Unipetrol, PETRONAS Chemicals Group, PlastEco, Plastic Back, Plastic Energy, Plastic2Oil, Plasta Rei, Plastogaz, Poliloop, Polycycl, Polynate, PolyStyreneLoop, Polystyvert, Poseidon Plastics and more....

 
 

 

1             CLASSIFICATION OF RECYCLING TECHNOLOGIES             19

 

2             RESEARCH METHODOLOGY              20

 

3             INTRODUCTION          21

  • 3.1        Global production of plastics             21
  • 3.2        The importance of plastic      23
  • 3.3        Issues with plastics use          23
  • 3.4        Bio-based or renewable plastics      23
    • 3.4.1    Drop-in bio-based plastics   24
    • 3.4.2    Novel bio-based plastics       24
  • 3.5        Biodegradable and compostable plastics  25
    • 3.5.1    Biodegradability          25
    • 3.5.2    Compostability            26
  • 3.6        Plastic pollution           26
  • 3.7        Policy and regulations              27
  • 3.8        The circular economy               28
  • 3.9        Plastic recycling           29
    • 3.9.1    Mechanical recycling                32
      • 3.9.1.1 Closed-loop mechanical recycling  32
      • 3.9.1.2 Open-loop mechanical recycling      32
      • 3.9.1.3 Polymer types, use, and recovery     33
    • 3.9.2    Advanced recycling (molecular recycling, chemical recycling)     33
      • 3.9.2.1 Main streams of plastic waste            34
      • 3.9.2.2 Comparison of mechanical and advanced chemical recycling    34
  • 3.10     Life cycle assessment             35

 

4             THE ADVANCED  RECYCLING MARKET               36

  • 4.1        Market drivers and trends      36
    • 4.1.1    Growing Environmental Concerns   36
    • 4.1.2    Stringent Regulatory Policies              37
    • 4.1.3    Corporate Sustainability Initiatives 39
    • 4.1.4    Technological Advancements             42
    • 4.1.5    Circular Economy Adoption 45
  • 4.2        Market Challenges and Restraints   46
    • 4.2.1    High Initial Investment Costs              46
    • 4.2.2    Technical Challenges               46
    • 4.2.3    Infrastructure Limitations     49
    • 4.2.4    Technological Barriers             49
    • 4.2.5    Supply Chain Complexities  52
    • 4.2.6    Cost Competitiveness             53
  • 4.3        Industry news, funding and developments 2020-2025      56
  • 4.4        Capacities       66
  • 4.5        Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology            69
    • 4.5.1    PE          69
    • 4.5.2    PP          70
    • 4.5.3    PET       71
    • 4.5.4    PS          72
    • 4.5.5    Nylon   73
    • 4.5.6    Others 74
  • 4.6        Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology, by region     75
    • 4.6.1    Europe                75
    • 4.6.2    North America              76
    • 4.6.3    South America              77
    • 4.6.4    Asia      78
    • 4.6.5    Oceania            79
    • 4.6.6    Africa   80
  • 4.7        Chemically recycled plastic products           81
  • 4.8        Market map    82
  • 4.9        Value chain     83
  • 4.10     Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) of advanced chemical recycling processes          84
    • 4.10.1 PE          85
    • 4.10.2 PP          85
    • 4.10.3 PET       85
  • 4.11     Recycled plastic yield and cost         86
    • 4.11.1 Plastic yield of each chemical recycling technologies        86
    • 4.11.2 Prices  86

 

5             ADVANCED (CHEMICAL OR FEEDSTOCK) RECYCLING TECHNOLOGIES              87

  • 5.1        Applications   87
  • 5.2        Pyrolysis            87
    • 5.2.1    Non-catalytic 88
    • 5.2.2    Catalytic            89
      • 5.2.2.1 Polystyrene pyrolysis 91
      • 5.2.2.2 Pyrolysis for production of bio fuel  91
      • 5.2.2.3 Used tires pyrolysis   95
        • 5.2.2.3.1           Conversion to biofuel               96
      • 5.2.2.4 Co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic wastes             97
    • 5.2.3    SWOT analysis              97
    • 5.2.4    Companies and capacities  98
  • 5.3        Gasification    99
    • 5.3.1    Technology overview 99
      • 5.3.1.1 Syngas conversion to methanol        100
      • 5.3.1.2 Biomass gasification and syngas fermentation       102
      • 5.3.1.3 Biomass gasification and syngas thermochemical conversion    103
    • 5.3.2    SWOT analysis              103
    • 5.3.3    Companies and capacities (current and planned)                104
  • 5.4        Dissolution     104
    • 5.4.1    Technology overview 104
    • 5.4.2    SWOT analysis              105
    • 5.4.3    Companies and capacities (current and planned)                106
  • 5.5        Depolymerisation       107
    • 5.5.1    Hydrolysis        108
      • 5.5.1.1 Technology overview 108
      • 5.5.1.2 SWOT analysis              109
    • 5.5.2    Enzymolysis   110
      • 5.5.2.1 Technology overview 110
      • 5.5.2.2 SWOT analysis              111
    • 5.5.3    Methanolysis 111
      • 5.5.3.1 Technology overview 111
      • 5.5.3.2 SWOT analysis              112
    • 5.5.4    Glycolysis         113
      • 5.5.4.1 Technology overview 113
      • 5.5.4.2 SWOT analysis              114
    • 5.5.5    Aminolysis      115
      • 5.5.5.1 Technology overview 115
      • 5.5.5.2 SWOT analysis              115
    • 5.5.6    Companies and capacities (current and planned)                115
  • 5.6        Other advanced chemical recycling technologies 116
    • 5.6.1    Hydrothermal cracking           116
    • 5.6.2    Pyrolysis with in-line reforming          117
    • 5.6.3    Microwave-assisted pyrolysis             118
    • 5.6.4    Plasma pyrolysis         118
    • 5.6.5    Plasma gasification   119
    • 5.6.6    Supercritical fluids     119
    • 5.6.7    Carbon fiber recycling              120
      • 5.6.7.1 Processes        120
      • 5.6.7.2 Companies     122
  • 5.7        Advanced recycling of thermoset materials              123
    • 5.7.1    Thermal recycling        124
      • 5.7.1.1 Energy Recovery Combustion            124
      • 5.7.1.2 Anaerobic Digestion 124
      • 5.7.1.3 Pyrolysis Processing 125
      • 5.7.1.4 Microwave Pyrolysis  125
    • 5.7.2    Solvolysis         126
    • 5.7.3    Catalyzed Glycolysis 127
    • 5.7.4    Alcoholysis and Hydrolysis   128
    • 5.7.5    Ionic liquids    129
    • 5.7.6    Supercritical fluids     129
    • 5.7.7    Plasma              130
    • 5.7.8    Companies     131
  • 5.8        Comparison with Traditional Recycling Methods   132
    • 5.8.1    Mechanical Recycling Limitations   133
    • 5.8.2    Energy Efficiency Comparison           133
    • 5.8.3    Quality of Output Comparison          134
    • 5.8.4    Cost Analysis 135
  • 5.9        Environmental Impact Assessment                136
    • 5.9.1    Carbon Footprint Analysis    136
    • 5.9.2    Energy Consumption Assessment  137
    • 5.9.3    Waste Reduction Potential   138
      • 5.9.3.1 Wastewater     138
      • 5.9.3.2 Atmospheric Emissions         138
      • 5.9.3.3 Catalyst and Media Waste    139
      • 5.9.3.4 Maintenance and Cleaning Waste   139
      • 5.9.3.5 Waste Management Approaches     139
      • 5.9.3.6 Regulatory Considerations and Classification        139
      • 5.9.3.7 Comparative Waste Production         140
      • 5.9.3.8 Environmental Impact and Future Directions           140
    • 5.9.4    Sustainability Metrics               141
  • 5.10     Emerging Technologies            141
    • 5.10.1 AI and Machine Learning Applications          141
      • 5.10.1.1            Sorting Optimization 142
      • 5.10.1.2            Process Control           143
      • 5.10.1.3            Quality Prediction       143
      • 5.10.1.4            Maintenance Prediction          143
    • 5.10.2 Robotics in Sorting     144
      • 5.10.2.1            Vision Systems             144
      • 5.10.2.2            Picking Mechanisms 145
      • 5.10.2.3            Control Systems          145
      • 5.10.2.4            Integration Methods  146
    • 5.10.3 Novel Catalyst Development               146
      • 5.10.3.1            Nano-catalysts             146
      • 5.10.3.2            Bio-catalysts  149
      • 5.10.3.3            Hybrid Catalysts          151

 

6             MATERIALS ANALYSIS               153

  • 6.1        Plastics              153
    • 6.1.1    Polyethylene (PE)        153
      • 6.1.1.1 HDPE Analysis              153
      • 6.1.1.2 LLDPE Analysis            154
      • 6.1.1.3 Recovery Methods     155
    • 6.1.2    Polypropylene (PP)     156
      • 6.1.2.1 Homopolymer               156
      • 6.1.2.2 Copolymer       157
      • 6.1.2.3 Processing Methods 157
      • 6.1.2.4 Quality Grades              161
    • 6.1.3    Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)     163
      • 6.1.3.1 Bottle Grade   163
      • 6.1.3.2 Fiber Grade     163
      • 6.1.3.3 Film Grade       164
      • 6.1.3.4 Recovery Technologies            164
    • 6.1.4    Polystyrene (PS)           167
      • 6.1.4.1 General Purpose PS   167
      • 6.1.4.2 High Impact PS             167
      • 6.1.4.3 Expanded PS  168
      • 6.1.4.4 Processing Methods 168
    • 6.1.5    Other Plastics               168
      • 6.1.5.1 PVC      168
      • 6.1.5.2 PC         169
      • 6.1.5.3 ABS       169
      • 6.1.5.4 Mixed Plastics               170
  • 6.2        Metals 171
    • 6.2.1    Precious Metals           172
      • 6.2.1.1 Gold     172
      • 6.2.1.2 Silver    173
      • 6.2.1.3 Platinum Group Metals           173
      • 6.2.1.4 Recovery Methods     174
  • 6.3        Base Metals    175
    • 6.3.1    Copper               175
    • 6.3.2    Aluminium       176
    • 6.3.3    Steel     176
    • 6.3.4    Processing Technologies        177
  • 6.4        Rare Earth Elements 180
    • 6.4.1    Light REEs        180
    • 6.4.2    Heavy REEs     180
    • 6.4.3    Extraction Methods   181
  • 6.5        Electronic Waste         183
    • 6.5.1    Circuit Boards               183
      • 6.5.1.1 PCB Types        183
      • 6.5.1.2 Component Separation          184
      • 6.5.1.3 Metal Recovery             184
      • 6.5.1.4 Waste Management  185
    • 6.5.2    Batteries            185
      • 6.5.2.1 Lithium-ion     185
      • 6.5.2.2 Lead-acid         186
      • 6.5.2.3 Nickel-based  186
      • 6.5.2.4 Recovery Processes  188
    • 6.5.3    Displays            190
      • 6.5.3.1 LCD      190
      • 6.5.3.2 LED       190
      • 6.5.3.3 OLED   191
      • 6.5.3.4 Material Recovery       191
    • 6.5.4    Other Components   193
      • 6.5.4.1 Capacitors      193
      • 6.5.4.2 Resistors          193
      • 6.5.4.3 Semiconductors          194
      • 6.5.4.4 Connectors     194
  • 6.6        Textiles               195
    • 6.6.1    Natural Fibers                195
    • 6.6.2    Cotton 195
    • 6.6.3    Wool    196
    • 6.6.4    Silk        196
    • 6.6.5    Processing Methods 198
  • 6.7        Synthetic Fibers           200
    • 6.7.1    Polyester           200
    • 6.7.2    Nylon   200
    • 6.7.3    Acrylic 201
    • 6.7.4    Recovery Technologies            202

 

7             END PRODUCT ANALYSIS      205

  • 7.1        Chemical Feedstocks              205
    • 7.1.1    Monomers       205
    • 7.1.2    Oligomers        209
    • 7.1.3    Specialty Chemicals 211
  • 7.2        Fuels    211
    • 7.2.1    Diesel  211
    • 7.2.2    Gasoline           212
    • 7.2.3    Synthetic Gas 212
  • 7.3        Raw Materials                213
    • 7.3.1    Recycled Plastics       213
    • 7.3.2    Recovered Metals       214
    • 7.3.3    Other Materials            214
  • 7.4        Energy Products           215
    • 7.4.1    Electricity          215
    • 7.4.2    Heat     216
    • 7.4.3    Biofuels             216

 

8             COMPANY PROFILES                218 (193 company profiles)

 

9             GLOSSARY OF TERMS             353

 

10          REFERENCES 355

 

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Types of recycling.   19
  • Table 2. Global plastics production 1950-2023, millions of tonnes.         21
  • Table 3. Issues related to the use of plastics.           23
  • Table 4. Type of biodegradation.       26
  • Table 5. Overview of the recycling technologies.    31
  • Table 6. Polymer types, use, and recovery. 33
  • Table 7. Composition of plastic waste streams.     34
  • Table 8. Comparison of mechanical and advanced chemical recycling.                34
  • Table 9. Life cycle assessment of virgin plastic production, mechanical recycling and chemical recycling.          35
  • Table 10. Life cycle assessment of chemical recycling technologies (pyrolysis, gasification, depolymerization and dissolution). 35
  • Table 11. Market drivers and trends in the advanced chemical recycling market.            36
  • Table 12. Global regulations driving plastics recycling.      37
  • Table 13. Corporate Sustainability Initiatives.          40
  • Table 14. Technological Advancements.      43
  • Table 15. Technical Challenges.        47
  • Table 16. Technological Barriers.      50
  • Table 17. Cost Competitiveness Analysis. 53
  • Table 18. Advanced chemical recycling industry news, funding and developments 2020-2025.           56
  • Table 19. Advanced chemical recycling capacities, by technology.           66
  • Table 20. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PE (million tonnes).             69
  • Table 21. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PP (million tonnes).             70
  • Table 22. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PET (million tonnes).             71
  • Table 23. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PS (million tonnes).             72
  • Table 24. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for Nylon (million tonnes).             73
  • Table 25. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for Other types (million tonnes).*         74
  • Table 26. Global polymer demand in Europe, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).   75
  • Table 27. Global polymer demand in North America, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).             76
  • Table 28. Global polymer demand in South America, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).             77
  • Table 29. Global polymer demand in Asia, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).         78
  • Table 30. Global polymer demand in Oceania, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes). 79
  • Table 31. Global polymer demand in Africa, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).      80
  • Table 32. Example chemically recycled plastic products.                81
  • Table 33. Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) of Advanced chemical recycling Processes.   84
  • Table 34. Life cycle assessment of mechanically versus chemically recycling polyethylene (PE).        85
  • Table 35. Life cycle assessment of mechanically versus chemically recycling polypropylene (PP).     85
  • Table 36. Life cycle assessment of mechanically versus chemically recycling polyethylene terephthalate (PET).  85
  • Table 37. Plastic yield of each chemical recycling technologies. 86
  • Table 38. Chemically recycled plastics prices in USD.       86
  • Table 39. Applications of chemically recycled materials. 87
  • Table 40. Summary of non-catalytic pyrolysis technologies.         88
  • Table 41. Summary of catalytic pyrolysis technologies.    89
  • Table 42. Summary of pyrolysis technique under different operating conditions.            93
  • Table 43. Biomass materials and their bio-oil yield.             94
  • Table 44. Biofuel production cost from the biomass pyrolysis process. 94
  • Table 45. Pyrolysis companies and plant capacities, current and planned.         98
  • Table 46. Summary of gasification technologies.  99
  • Table 47. Advanced recycling (Gasification) companies. 104
  • Table 48. Summary of dissolution technologies.   104
  • Table 49. Advanced recycling (Dissolution) companies    106
  • Table 50. Depolymerisation processes for PET, PU, PC and PA, products and yields.    107
  • Table 51. Summary of hydrolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers.           108
  • Table 52. Summary of Enzymolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers. 110
  • Table 53. Summary of methanolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers. 111
  • Table 54. Summary of glycolysis technologies-feedstocks, process, outputs, commercial maturity and technology developers.           113
  • Table 55. Summary of aminolysis technologies.    115
  • Table 56. Advanced recycling (Depolymerisation) companies and capacities (current and planned).                115
  • Table 57. Overview of hydrothermal cracking for advanced chemical recycling.              116
  • Table 58. Overview of Pyrolysis with in-line reforming for advanced chemical recycling.            117
  • Table 59. Overview of microwave-assisted pyrolysis for advanced chemical recycling.              118
  • Table 60. Overview of plasma pyrolysis for advanced chemical recycling.           118
  • Table 61. Overview of plasma gasification for advanced chemical recycling.     119
  • Table 62. Summary of carbon fiber (CF) recycling technologies. Advantages and disadvantages.       120
  • Table 63. Retention rate of tensile properties of recovered carbon fibres by different recycling processes.       122
  • Table 64. Recycled carbon fiber producers, technology and capacity.    122
  • Table 65.  Current thermoset recycling routes.        123
  • Table 66. Companies developing advanced thermoset recycing routes.               131
  • Table 67. Comparison of Advanced Chemical Recycling with Traditional Recycling Methods.                132
  • Table 68. Energy Efficiency Comparison: Advanced Chemical Recycling vs. Mechanical Recycling   134
  • Table 69. Quality of Output Comparison.   134
  • Table 70. Cost Analysis of advanced plastic recycling versus traditional recycling methods.  135
  • Table 71. Carbon Footprint Analysis.             137
  • Table 72. Energy Consumption Assessment.           137
  • Table 73. Sustainability Metrics.       141
  • Table 74. AI and Machine Learning Applications.   142
  • Table 75. Types of Nano-catalysts.  147
  • Table 76. Types of bio-catalysts.       149
  • Table 77. Advanced polyethylene recovery methods.         155
  • Table 78. Polypropylene processing methods for chemical recycling.     159
  • Table 79. PP Quality Grades from Chemical Recycling.     161
  • Table 80. Advanced PET recovery technologies .    165
  • Table 81. Advanced chemical recycling of metals.               171
  • Table 82. Precious metals recovery methods.         174
  • Table 83. Advanced processing technologies for base metal recycling . 178
  • Table 84. Rare Earth Elements Extraction Methods.            181
  • Table 85. Recovery Processes for Batteries.              188
  • Table 86. Advanced technologies for materials recovery in displays.       191
  • Table 87. Processing Methods for Natural Fiber Recycling.             198
  • Table 88. Recovery Technologies for Synthetic Fibers         202
  • Table 89. Monomers from chemical recycling.        206
  • Table 90. Oligomers from advanced recycling.        210

 

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Global plastics production 1950-2023, millions of tonnes.       22
  • Figure 2.  Coca-Cola PlantBottle®.   24
  • Figure 3. Interrelationship between conventional, bio-based and biodegradable plastics.       25
  • Figure 4. Global production, use, and fate of polymer resins, synthetic fibers, and additives. 27
  • Figure 5. The circular plastic economy.        29
  • Figure 6. Current management systems for waste plastics.           30
  • Figure 7. Overview of the different circular pathways for plastics.             31
  • Figure 8. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PE (million tonnes).             69
  • Figure 9. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PP (million tonnes).             70
  • Figure 10. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PET (million tonnes).             71
  • Figure 11. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for PS (million tonnes).             72
  • Figure 12. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for Nylon (million tonnes).             73
  • Figure 13. Global polymer demand 2022-2040, segmented by recycling technology for Other types (million tonnes).          74
  • Figure 14. Global polymer demand in Europe, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes). 75
  • Figure 15. Global polymer demand in North America, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).             76
  • Figure 16. Global polymer demand in South America, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).             77
  • Figure 17. Global polymer demand in Asia, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).        78
  • Figure 18. Global polymer demand in Oceania, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).                79
  • Figure 19. Global polymer demand in Africa, by recycling technology 2022-2040 (million tonnes).    80
  • Figure 20. Market map for advanced plastics recycling.    83
  • Figure 21. Value chain for advanced chemical recycling market.                84
  • Figure 22. Schematic layout of a pyrolysis plant.   88
  • Figure 23. Waste plastic production pathways to (A) diesel and (B) gasoline      92
  • Figure 24. Schematic for Pyrolysis of Scrap Tires. 95
  • Figure 25. Used tires conversion process.  96
  • Figure 26. SWOT analysis-pyrolysis for advanced recycling.          97
  • Figure 27. Total syngas market by product in MM Nm³/h of Syngas, 2021.           100
  • Figure 28. Overview of biogas utilization.    101
  • Figure 29. Biogas and biomethane pathways.          102
  • Figure 30. SWOT analysis-gasification for advanced recycling.    104
  • Figure 31. SWOT analysis-dissoluton for advanced recycling.      106
  • Figure 32. Products obtained through the different solvolysis pathways of PET, PU, and PA.    107
  • Figure 33. SWOT analysis-Hydrolysis for advanced chemical recycling. 110
  • Figure 34. SWOT analysis-Enzymolysis for advanced chemical recycling.            111
  • Figure 35. SWOT analysis-Methanolysis for advanced chemical recycling.          112
  • Figure 36. SWOT analysis-Glycolysis for advanced chemical recycling. 114
  • Figure 37. SWOT analysis-Aminolysis for advanced chemical recycling.               115
  • Figure 38. Alterra’s Akron Plant in Ohio.       222
  • Figure 39. ChemCyclingTM prototypes.       228
  • Figure 40. ChemCycling circle by BASF.       229
  • Figure 41. Recycled carbon fibers obtained through the R3FIBER process.         230
  • Figure 42. Cassandra Oil  process.  241
  • Figure 43. CuRe Technology process.            247
  • Figure 44. MoReTec.   286
  • Figure 45. Chemical decomposition process of polyurethane foam.       290
  • Figure 46. OMV ReOil process.           300
  • Figure 47. Schematic Process of Plastic Energy’s TAC Chemical Recycling.        304
  • Figure 48. Easy-tear film material from recycled material.              323
  • Figure 49. Polyester fabric made from recycled monomers.          327
  • Figure 50. A sheet of acrylic resin made from conventional, fossil resource-derived MMA monomer (left) and a sheet of acrylic resin made from chemically recycled MMA monomer (right).     337
  • Figure 51. Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd. Depolymerisation process.      341
  • Figure 52. The Velocys process.        348
  • Figure 53. The Proesa® Process.        349
  • Figure 54. Worn Again products.       351

 

 

 

The Global Advanced (Chemical or Feedstock) Recycling Market 2025-2040
The Global Advanced (Chemical or Feedstock) Recycling Market 2025-2040
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