Published December 2021 | 145 pages, 39 tables, 43 figures | Table of contents
Aerogels are nanostructured materials with low density, high surface area (>150 m2/g) and open porosity (typically 95–99.99 %), resulting in very low densities. The pores are very narrow (2–50 nm), which contributes to very high specific surface areas. Their high porosities and low densities make aerogels excellent light-weight insulators of heat, sound, and electricity, and their high specific surface areas make them good absorbers of both active materials for controlled release, and of pollutants. Aerogels made of materials such as silica or aluminium oxide have a strong resistance to fire and chemicals.
Special characteristics including:
- low density;
- low thermal conductivity;
- ultralight (0.00012 to 0.9 g/cc);
- high surface area (Up to 3000 m2/g);
- high and open porosity (typically in the 95–99.99 % range);
- superinsulating (10-80 mW/m-K);
- excellent impact damping properties;
- flame and moisture resistance;
- low optical index of refraction;
- high air flowability;
- low speed of sound;
- high loading capacity;
- tuneable chemical functionalities;
- renewable resources;
- low dielectric constant.
These properties are desirable for applications in:
- Biomedical
- Drug delivery carriers.
- Tissue engineering (synthetic bone grafts).
- Wound dressings.
- Energy infrastructure
- Refineries.
- Petrochemical.
- Oil sands.
- Offshore.
- Power generation.
- Environmental absorbents, sensors and catalysts
- Wastewater treatment.
- Air and water pollutant detection.
- Sound insulation.
- Food
- Delivery.
- Food additives.
- Storage of temperature-sensitive food.
- Building and construction
- Non-combustible thermal insulation.
- Composite panels and blankets.
- Insulated spray rendering.
- Acoustic insulation.
- Polycarbonate wall panels.
- Coatings and paints
- Window insulation.
- Removal of indoor air contaminants.
- Energy conversion and storage
- Lithium-ion batteries.
- Electric vehicles.
- Supercapacitors.
- Fuel cells.
- Solar.
- Apparel and textiles.
- Thermal insulation.
- Antibacterial textiles.
- Medical textiles.
- Flame retardant textiles.
- Footwear.
- Cold-chain packaging.
- Insulated packaging.
- Sport foods composites.
Demand for aerogels has grown in regulation friendly, high-performance, insulating materials in housing and building markets and in industries, where the minimization of weight is critical (e.g. automotive, aerospace). Despite the numerous potential market applications of aerogels, their use in industrial applications has been limited, mainly due to cost. However, the market is predicted to grow significantly over the next decade due to improvements in aerogel technology and market demand for lighter, stronger and more environmentally friendly materials, especially in building insulation.
Application as thermal insulation materials in construction and architecture is the largest market for aerogels and one with the potentially the greatest economic return. As well as loft and façade insulation, aerogels are also suitable for windows due to their high transparency (more than 90% light transmission).
Aerogels can be divided into two broad categories, namely inorganic and organic, each category being further divided according to the nature of the materials used in the design of the gel structure.
Report contents include:
- Market drivers.
- Market challenges.
- Recent market activity.
- Impact of COVID-19 crisis on the aerogels market.
- Assessment of aerogels market by types.
- Global revenues 2018 to 2031 by type, markets and regions.
- End user market analysis.
- Patent analysis.
- Assessment of key industry players.
- 37 Company profiles. Companies profiled include Armacell, Aspen Aerogel, Blueshift Materials, Cabot Corporation, Enersens SAS, JIOS Aerogel, Guangdong Alison Hi-Tech Co., Ltd., Sunthru, Thermulon and many more.
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 11
- 1.1 Aerogel properties 11
- 1.2 Aerogel applications 11
- 1.3 Competitive factors in the aerogels market 13
- 1.4 Market drivers and trends 14
- 1.5 Aerogel producers and capacities 18
- 1.6 Impact of COVID-19 crisis 18
- 1.7 Market and technology challenges 19
- 1.8 Market developments 2020-2021 20
2 TYPES OF AEROGELS 21
- 2.1 Aerogels 21
- 2.1.1 Origin of Aerogels 21
- 2.1.2 Classification 22
- 2.1.3 Commercially available aerogels 23
- 2.2 Production methods for aerogels 24
- 2.2.1 Sol-gel process 26
- 2.2.2 Aging 28
- 2.2.3 Hydrophobization/surface modification 28
- 2.2.4 Drying methods 28
- 2.2.4.1 Overview of drying methods 29
- 2.2.4.2 Advantages and disadvantages 31
- 2.3 Silica aerogels 32
- 2.3.1 Properties 33
- 2.3.1.1 Thermal conductivity 33
- 2.3.1.2 Mechanical 34
- 2.3.2 Products 34
- 2.3.2.1 Monoliths 34
- 2.3.2.2 Powder 34
- 2.3.2.3 Granules 34
- 2.3.2.4 Blankets 35
- 2.3.2.5 Aerogel boards 37
- 2.3.2.6 Aerogel renders 37
- 2.3.2.7 Cost 37
- 2.3.3 Main players 37
- 2.3.1 Properties 33
- 2.4 Aerogel-like polymer foams 38
- 2.5 Metal oxide aerogels 39
- 2.6 Organic aerogels 39
- 2.6.1 Polymer aerogels 40
- 2.6.1.1 Companies 40
- 2.6.2 Biobased aerogels (bio-aerogels) 40
- 2.6.2.1 Cellulose aerogels 42
- 2.6.2.2 Lignin aerogels 44
- 2.6.2.3 Alginate aerogels 44
- 2.6.2.4 Starch aerogels 45
- 2.6.2.5 Chitosan aerogels 46
- 2.6.2.6 Protein aerogels 46
- 2.6.2.7 Silk fiber 46
- 2.6.3 Carbon aerogels 47
- 2.6.3.1 Companies 48
- 2.6.4 Carbon nanotube aerogels 48
- 2.6.5 Graphene aerogels 48
- 2.6.6 3D printed aerogels 49
- 2.6.1 Polymer aerogels 40
- 2.7 Hybrid and composite aerogels 51
- 2.7.1 Mixed oxide aerogels 51
- 2.7.2 Metal oxide aerogel composites 51
- 2.7.3 Carbon-based aerogel composites 52
3 TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVEL (TRL) 53
4 MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS FOR AEROGELS 56
- 4.1 Competitive landscape 56
- 4.2 Oil and Gas 57
- 4.3 Building and construction 59
- 4.4 Energy conversion and storage 61
- 4.5 Biomedical 62
- 4.5.1 Drug delivery 63
- 4.5.2 Tissue engineering 64
- 4.5.3 Medical implants 65
- 4.5.4 Wound care 66
- 4.6 Cold-Chain packaging 68
- 4.7 Electronics 69
- 4.8 Filtration, separation, and sorption 69
- 4.9 High-performance textiles 71
- 4.10 Food 73
- 4.11 Catalysts 74
- 4.12 Paint and coating additives 75
- 4.13 Aerospace 76
- 4.14 Cosmetics 77
- 4.15 Automotive 78
- 4.16 Other markets and applications 79
5 AEROGEL PATENTS 80
- 5.1 Patent applications 80
6 GLOBAL AEROGELS REVENUES 82
- 6.1 Total, 2018-2031 82
- 6.2 By market, 2018-2031 84
- 6.3 By material, 2018-2031 86
- 6.4 By region, 2018-2031 88
7 AEROGEL COMPANY PROFILES 89
- 7.1 Active Aerogels 89
- 7.2 Aerogel Inside 90
- 7.3 Aerogel Technologies LLC 91
- 7.4 Aerogelex UG 93
- 7.5 AeroShield Materials 95
- 7.6 Armacell International S.A. 95
- 7.7 Aspen Aerogels, Inc. 97
- 7.8 BASF SE 99
- 7.9 Blueshift Materials, Inc. 101
- 7.10 Cabot Corporation 102
- 7.11 Cellutech AB (Stora Enso) 104
- 7.12 Ecoworth Tech Pte. Ltd. 105
- 7.13 Elisto GmbH 106
- 7.14 Enersens SAS 107
- 7.15 Gelanggang Kencana Sdn. Bhd. 108
- 7.16 Graphene Composites Ltd 109
- 7.17 Green Earth Aerogel Technologies 110
- 7.18 Guangdong Alison Hi-Tech Co., Ltd. 111
- 7.19 Hebei Jinna Technology Co., Ltd. 112
- 7.20 InnoSense LLC 113
- 7.21 Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd. 113
- 7.22 JIOS Aerogel 115
- 7.23 Joda Technology Co., Ltd. 117
- 7.24 Krosslinker Pte. Ltd. 118
- 7.25 Melodea 118
- 7.26 NanoPlexus Ltd 120
- 7.27 Nano Tech Co., Ltd 120
- 7.28 LLC Niagara 121
- 7.29 Okalux Glastechnik GmbH 122
- 7.30 Okitsumo 122
- 7.31 Ocellus, Inc. 124
- 7.32 REM Tech Co., Ltd. 124
- 7.33 Sumteq GmbH 125
- 7.34 Sunthru LLC 127
- 7.35 Surnano Aerogel Co., Ltd 128
- 7.36 Svenska Aerogel Holding AB 129
- 7.37 Thermulon Ltd. 131
- 7.38 Tiem Factory, Inc. 132
- 7.39 ZEN Graphene Solutions Ltd. 133
8 OTHER COMPANIES WITH AEROGEL ACTIVITIES 135
9 EX-PRODUCERS 135
10 RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY 136
- 10.1 Report scope 136
- 10.2 Research methodology 136
11 REFERENCES 138
Tables
- Table 1. Market drivers for aerogels. 14
- Table 2. Aerogel producers and capacities-current and planned. 18
- Table 3. Assessment of impact from COVID-19 crisis by end user market. Key: Low, little impact and market will continue to grow. Medium, market impacted to some degree affecting growth prospects over next 1-2 years. High: Market significantly impacted. 18
- Table 4. Market and technology challenges in aerogels. 19
- Table 5. Aerogels market developments 2020-2021. 20
- Table 6. General properties and value of aerogels. 23
- Table 7. Synthesis methods-Aerogels synthesised, advantages and disadvantages. 25
- Table 8. Drying methods for aerogel production. 30
- Table 9. Advantages and disadvantages of drying methods. 31
- Table 11. Commercially available aerogel-enhanced blankets. 36
- Table 12. Main manufacturers of silica aerogels and product offerings. 38
- Table 13. Typical structural properties of metal oxide aerogels. 39
- Table 14. Polymer aerogels companies. 40
- Table 15. Types of biobased aerogels. 41
- Table 16. Carbon aerogel companies. 48
- Table 10. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Examples. 53
- Table 17. Market overview of aerogels in oil and gas-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 58
- Table 18. Market overview of aerogels in building and construction-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 60
- Table 19. Market overview of aerogels in energy conversion and storage-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 61
- Table 20. Market overview of aerogels in drug delivery-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 63
- Table 21. Market overview of aerogels in tissue engineering-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 65
- Table 22. Market overview of aerogels in medical implants-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 65
- Table 23. Market overview of aerogels in wound care-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 67
- Table 24. Market overview of aerogels in cold-chain packaging-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 68
- Table 25. Market overview of aerogels in electronics-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 69
- Table 26. Market overview of aerogels in filtration, separation, and sorption-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 69
- Table 27. Market overview of aerogels in textiles- market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 72
- Table 28. Market overview of aerogels in food- market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 74
- Table 29. Market overview of aerogels in catalysts-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 74
- Table 30. Market overview of aerogels in paints and coatings-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 75
- Table 31. Market overview of aerogels in aerospace-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 76
- Table 32. Market overview of aerogels in cosmetics-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 77
- Table 33. Market overview of aerogels in automotive-market drivers, types of aerogels utilized, motivation for use of aerogels, applications, TRL. 78
- Table 34. Other markets and applications for aerogels. 79
- Table 35. Global market for aerogels, 2018-2031, millions USD. 82
- Table 36. Global market for aerogels, 2018-2031, millions USD, by market. 85
- Table 37. Global market for aerogels, 2018-2031, millions USD, by material. 87
- Table 38. Other companies with aerogel activities. 135
- Table 39. Aerogel producers no longer trading. 135
Figures
- Figure 1. SLENTEX® thermal insulation. 13
- Figure 2. Main characteristics of aerogel type materials. 21
- Figure 3. Classification of aerogels. 22
- Figure 4. Canada Goose luxury footwear. 24
- Figure 5. Schematic of silica aerogels synthesis. 25
- Figure 6. Formation of aerogels, cryogels and xerogels. 26
- Figure 7. Aerogel engineering strategies. 27
- Figure 8. SEM images of the microstructures of (a) alginate and (b) pectin aerogels obtained by supercritical drying, (c) cellulose aerogels by freeze-drying, and (d) silica-cellulose composite aerogels by ambient drying. 29
- Figure 9. Methods of gel drying. 29
- Figure 10. Flower resting on a piece of silica aerogel suspended in mid air by the flame of a bunsen burner. 33
- Figure 11. Monolithic aerogel. 34
- Figure 12. Aerogel granules. 35
- Figure 13. Internal aerogel granule applications. 35
- Figure 14. Slentite. 37
- Figure 15. Methods for producing bio-based aerogels. 41
- Figure 16. Types of cellulose aerogel. 42
- Figure 17. Lignin-based aerogels. 44
- Figure 18. Fabrication routes for starch-based aerogels. 45
- Figure 19. Schematic of silk fiber aerogel synthesis. 47
- Figure 20. Graphene aerogel. 49
- Figure 21. Commonly employed printing technologies for aerogels. 50
- Figure 22. Schematic for direct ink writing of silica aerogels. 50
- Figure 23. 3D printed aerogel. 51
- Figure 24. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for aerogels. 55
- Figure 25. Segmentation of the aerogel market by application, 2020. 56
- Figure 26. Pyrogel insulation on a heat-exchange vessel in a petrochemical plant. 58
- Figure 27. Aerogel construction applications. 59
- Figure 28. Incorporation of aerogels into textiels. 72
- Figure 29. Aerogel dust collector. 77
- Figure 30. Aerogel patents 2010-December 2021. 80
- Figure 31. Global market for aerogels, 2018-2031, millions USD. 83
- Figure 32. Global market for aerogels, 2018-2031, millions USD, by market. 84
- Figure 33. Global market for aerogels, 2018-2031, millions USD, by material. 86
- Figure 34. Global market for aerogels, 2018-2031, millions USD, by region. 88
- Figure 35. Lignin Aero gel plate. 94
- Figure 36. Thermal Conductivity Performance of ArmaGel HT. 96
- Figure 37. SLENTEX® roll (piece). 100
- Figure 38. CNF gel. 114
- Figure 39. Block nanocellulose material. 114
- Figure 40. Melodea CNC suspension. 119
- Figure 41. HIP AERO paint. 123
- Figure 42. Sunthru Aerogel pane. 128
- Figure 43. Quartzene®. 130
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