The Global Market for Lignin Biomaterials & Biochemicals 2024-2035

Published: February 2024
Pages: 188
Tables: 27
Figures: 51
Companies profiled: 95
Series: Bio-Economy

Lignin is the second most abundant biological material on the planet after cellulose. It is a natural polymer found in plant cell walls, and is increasingly being used to develop innovative, eco-friendly materials and chemicals that can replace traditional, fossil-based products.

The Global Market for Lignin Biomaterials & Biochemicals 2024-2035 provides a detailed analysis of lignin production processes, types, properties, applications, and market trends. It examines biorefinery, kraft, organosolv, soda, lignosulfonate, and hydrolytic lignin manufacturing. SWOT analyses for major lignin categories are included.

The report covers lignin market drivers, consumption, pricing, and leading producers. It forecasts market growth and breaks down consumption by type and key end use markets including construction materials, batteries, carbon products, polymers, fuels, and more. Profiles for 95 key companies involved in lignin production and utilization are provided. An overview of R&D activity, opportunities and challenges is also included. Report contents include:

Introduction to lignin types, properties, production, and challenges
Details on lignin production processes: thermochemical, chemical, biological, electrochemical conversion
In-depth overview of major lignin categories:
- Lignosulfonates
- Kraft lignin - LignoBoost, LignoForce, other methods
- Soda lignin
- Biorefinery lignin - extraction, purification, economics, commercial facilities
- Organosolv lignin
- Hydrolytic lignin
SWOT analyses for each major lignin type
Market drivers and recent lignin industry trends (2020-2023)
Lignin production capacities and consumption forecasts
Lignin pricing and demand by type and key markets:
- Energy
- Chemicals - BTX, phenol, etc.
- Polymers
- Carbon products
- Construction materials
- Batteries
- Coatings
- Other applications
Market opportunity analyses
Profiles for 95 leading lignin companies globally. Companies profiled include Borregaard, Lignopure, Lignovations, LXP Group GmbH, Mercer, Stora Enso, UPM Biochemicals and Woodoo. A full list of companies is provided in table of contents.

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1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 12

2 INTRODUCTION 13

2.1 What is lignin? 13
- 2.1.1 Lignin structure 15
2.2 Types of lignin 17
- 2.2.1 Sulfur containing lignin 19
- 2.2.2 Sulfur-free lignin from biorefinery process 20
2.3 Properties 20
2.4 The lignocellulose biorefinery 23
2.5 Markets and applications 24
2.6 Market challenges 27

3 LIGNIN PRODUCTION PROCESSES 29

3.1 Feedstock Preprocessing 30
3.2 Conversion Processes 31
- 3.2.1 Thermochemical Conversion 31
- 3.2.2 Chemical Conversion 31
- 3.2.3 Biological Conversion 32
- 3.2.4 Electrochemical Conversion 32
3.3 Lignosulphonates 33
- 3.3.1 Description 33
- 3.3.2 SWOT analysis 33
3.4 Kraft Lignin 34
- 3.4.1 Description 34
- 3.4.2 LignoBoost process 34
- 3.4.3 LignoForce method 35
- 3.4.4 Sequential Liquid Lignin Recovery and Purification 36
- 3.4.5 A-Recovery+ 37
- 3.4.6 SWOT analysis 38
3.5 Soda lignin 40
- 3.5.1 Description 40
- 3.5.2 SWOT analysis 41
3.6 Biorefinery lignin 42
- 3.6.1 Products Extraction & Purification 44
- 3.6.2 Lignocellulose Biorefinery Economics 45
- 3.6.3 Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes 45
- 3.6.4 SWOT analysis 47
- 3.6.5 Organosolv lignin 48
  - 3.6.5.1 Description 48
  - 3.6.5.2 SWOT analysis 49
- 3.6.6 Hydrolytic lignin 50
  - 3.6.6.1 Description 50
  - 3.6.6.2 SWOT analysis 50
- 3.6.7 Steam Exploded Lignin 52
  - 3.6.7.1 Description 52
  - 3.6.7.2 SWOT analysis 53
3.7 Lignin nanoparticles 54
3.8 Lignin-based carbon materials 54
3.9 Depolymerized lignin products 55
3.10 Lignin-based bioplastics 55

4 MARKETS FOR LIGNIN 57

4.1 Market drivers and trends 58
4.2 Lignin industry developments 2020-2024 59
4.3 Production capacities 62
- 4.3.1 Technical lignin availability (dry ton/y) 62
- 4.3.2 Biomass conversion (Biorefinery) 62
4.4 Consumption of lignin 63
- 4.4.1 By type 63
- 4.4.2 By market 66
4.5 Prices 68
4.6 Markets and applications 68
- 4.6.1 Heat and power energy 68
- 4.6.2 Bio-oils 69
- 4.6.3 Syngas 69
- 4.6.4 Aromatic compounds 71
  - 4.6.4.1 Benzene, toluene and xylene 72
  - 4.6.4.2 Phenol and phenolic resins 73
  - 4.6.4.3 Vanillin 74
- 4.6.5 Polymers 75
- 4.6.6 Hydrogels 77
- 4.6.6.1 Adhesives 77
- 4.6.7 Carbon materials 78
  - 4.6.7.1 Carbon black 78
  - 4.6.7.2 Activated carbons 79
  - 4.6.7.3 Carbon fiber 80
- 4.6.8 Construction materials 81
- 4.6.9 Rubber 82
- 4.6.10 Bitumen and Asphalt 83
- 4.6.11 Fuels 84
- 4.6.12 Energy storage 85
  - 4.6.12.1 Supercapacitors 86
  - 4.6.12.2 Anodes for lithium-ion batteries 87
  - 4.6.12.3 Gel electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries 88
  - 4.6.12.4 Binders for lithium-ion batteries 88
  - 4.6.12.5 Cathodes for lithium-ion batteries 89
  - 4.6.12.6 Sodium-ion batteries 89
- 4.6.13 Binders, emulsifiers and dispersants 90
- 4.6.14 Chelating agents 92
- 4.6.15 Coatings 93
- 4.6.16 Ceramics 94
- 4.6.17 Automotive 95
- 4.6.18 Fire retardants 96
- 4.6.19 Antioxidants 96
- 4.6.20 Lubricants 97
- 4.6.21 Dust control 98

5 COMPANY PROFILES 99

5.1 Key players 99
5.2 Aemetis, Inc. 100
5.3 Andritz AG 101
5.4 Anellotech, Inc. 102
5.5 Attis Innovations, llc 103
5.6 Avantium NV 104
5.7 Blue Biofuels, Inc. 106
5.8 Bloom Biorenewables SA 107
5.9 Boreal Bioproducts 108
5.10 The Borregaard Group 109
5.11 Bright Day Graphene AB 110
5.12 Burgo Group S.p.A. 111
5.13 Carbon Crusher 111
5.14 Cellicon B.V. 112
5.15 CH-Bioforce Oy 113
5.16 Chempolis Oy 114
5.17 CIMV 115
5.18 Clariant AG 116
5.19 Domsjö Fabriker AB 118
5.20 Domtar Paper Company LLC 119
5.21 Enerkem, Inc. 120
5.22 Enviral 120
5.23 Fibenol 121
5.24 FiberX 121
5.25 FP Innovations 122
5.26 Fraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP 123
5.27 Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF 124
5.28 Futurity Bio-Ventures Ltd. 125
5.29 G+E GETEC Holding GmbH 126
5.30 Global Bioenergies SA 126
5.31 Graanul Invest 127
5.32 Granbio Technologies 128
5.33 Hexion Inc 130
5.34 Ingevity 131
5.35 Iogen Corporation 132
5.36 Kanematsu 132
5.37 Kanteleen Voima 133
5.38 Klabin S.A. 133
5.39 Koehler Group 134
5.40 Leaf Resources Ltd. 135
5.41 Ligna Energy AB 135
5.42 LignEasy Oy 136
5.43 Lignin Industries AB 136
5.44 Lignoflow Technologies AB 137
5.45 LignOrganic (PTY) Ltd. 138
5.46 Lignolix, Inc. 139
5.47 Lignomateria 139
5.48 LignOrganic (PTY) Ltd 140
5.49 Lignovations GmbH 140
5.50 LignoPure GmbH 141
5.51 Liquid Lignin Company LLC 142
5.52 Lixea 143
5.53 LXP Group GmbH 144
5.54 Mehler Engineered Products GmbH 146
5.55 Mercer International, Inc. 146
5.56 Metgen Oy 147
5.57 Mobius 149
5.58 NewEnergyBlue LLC 150
5.59 Nippon Paper Industries, Co. Ltd. 151
5.60 Novozymes A/S 153
5.61 Obayashi Corporation 153
5.62 ORLEN Południe 154
5.63 Praj Industries Ltd. 155
5.64 Prefere Resins Holding GmbH 157
5.65 Prisma Renewable Composites 157
5.66 Proligreen AB 158
5.67 Pure Lignin Environmental Technology Ltd. 159
5.68 Rayonier Advanced Materials 159
5.69 Red Leaf Pulp Ltd. 160
5.70 Ren Fuel K2B AB 161
5.71 Renmatix 161
5.72 Resolute Forest Products, Inc. 163
5.73 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden AB 164
5.74 Sainc Energy Limited 165
5.75 SAPPI Biotech 165
5.76 Sekab E-Technology AB 166
5.77 Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co. 167
5.78 Sonichem 168
5.79 Spero Renewables 169
5.80 St1 Oy 170
5.81 Stora Enso Oyj 171
5.82 Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd. 172
5.83 SunCoal Industries GmbH 173
5.84 Suzano SA 174
5.85 Sweetwater Energy 175
5.86 Spero Renewables Synergy Horizon Limited 175
5.87 TECNARO GmbH 177
5.88 UPM Biochemicals 177
5.89 Valmet Oyj 179
5.90 Versalis SpA 180
5.91 Vertoro 181
5.92 West Fraser Timber Co Ltd. 182
5.93 Woodoo SAS 183
5.94 Xingzhenghe Chemical Co., Ltd. 184
5.95 Yokogawa Electric Corporation 185

6 REFERENCES 185

List of Tables

Table 1. Properties of lignins and their applications. 15
Table 2. Technical lignin types and applications. 18
Table 3. Classification of technical lignins. 20
Table 4. Properties of lignin, by type. 20
Table 5. Lignin content of selected biomass. 22
Table 6. Markets and applications for lignin. 26
Table 7. Market challenges for lignin. 27
Table 8. Processes for lignin production. 29
Table 9. Biorefinery feedstocks. 42
Table 10. Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins. 42
Table 11. Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes 45
Table 12. Markets for lignin. 57
Table 13. Market drivers and trends for lignin. 58
Table 14. Lignin industry developments 2020-2024. 59
Table 15. Production capacities of technical lignin producers. 62
Table 16. Production capacities of biorefinery lignin producers. 62
Table 17. Estimated consumption of lignin, by type, 2019-2035 (000 MT). 63
Table 18. Estimated consumption of lignin, by market, 2019-2034 (000 MT). 66
Table 19. Lignin aromatic compound products. 72
Table 20. Prices of benzene, toluene, xylene and their derivatives. 72
Table 21. Lignin products in polymeric materials. 75
Table 22. Application of lignin in plastics and composites. 76
Table 23. Applications of lignin in construction materials. 81
Table 24. Lignin applications in rubber and elastomers. 82
Table 25. Lignin products in fuels. 85
Table 26. Lignin-derived anodes in lithium batteries. 87
Table 27. Application of lignin in binders, emulsifiers and dispersants. 90

List of Figures

Figure 1. Wood processing within the Kraft process. 14
Figure 2. High purity lignin. 15
Figure 3. Lignocellulose architecture. 17
Figure 4. Extraction processes to separate lignin from lignocellulosic biomass and corresponding technical lignins. 18
Figure 5. The lignocellulose biorefinery. 24
Figure 6. Lignocellulosic biomass conversion and products. 24
Figure 7. Lignosulfonates SWOT analysis. 34
Figure 8. LignoBoost process. 35
Figure 9. LignoForce system for lignin recovery from black liquor. 36
Figure 10. Sequential liquid-lignin recovery and purification (SLPR) system. 36
Figure 11. A-Recovery+ chemical recovery concept. 38
Figure 12. Kraft lignin SWOT analysis. 39
Figure 13. Soda lignin SWOT analysis. 41
Figure 14. Schematic of a biorefinery for production of carriers and chemicals. 44
Figure 15. Biorefinery lignin SWOT analysis. 47
Figure 16. Organosolv lignin. 48
Figure 17. Organosolv lignin SWOT analysis. 49
Figure 18. Hydrolytic lignin powder. 50
Figure 19. Hydrolytic lignin SWOT analysis. 51
Figure 20. Steam Exploded Lignin SWOT analysis. 53
Figure 21. Estimated consumption of lignin, by type, 2019-2035 (000 MT). 65
Figure 22. Estimated consumption of lignin, by market, 2019-2035 (000 MT). 67
Figure 23. Schematic of WISA plywood home. 74
Figure 24. Lignin based activated carbon. 79
Figure 25. Lignin/celluose precursor. 80
Figure 26. Functional rubber filler made from lignin. 82
Figure 27. Road repair utilizing lignin. 84
Figure 28. Prototype of lignin based supercapacitor. 86
Figure 29. Stora Enso lignin battery materials. 89
Figure 30. ANDRITZ Lignin Recovery process. 102
Figure 31. DAWN Technology Process. 105
Figure 32. BALI™ technology. 109
Figure 33. Pressurized Hot Water Extraction. 113
Figure 34. sunliquid® production process. 117
Figure 35. Domsjö process. 118
Figure 36. TMP-Bio Process. 123
Figure 37. Flow chart of the lignocellulose biorefinery pilot plant in Leuna. 124
Figure 38. AVAPTM process. 129
Figure 39. GreenPower+™ process. 129
Figure 40. Lignin gel. 138
Figure 41. BioFlex process. 144
Figure 42. LX Process. 145
Figure 43. METNIN™ Lignin refining technology. 149
Figure 44. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process. 156
Figure 45: Plantrose process. 162
Figure 46. Hansa lignin. 166
Figure 47. Stora Enso lignin battery materials. 172
Figure 48. Solid Novolac Type lignin modified phenolic resins. 173
Figure 49. UPM biorefinery process. 178
Figure 50. The Proesa® Process. 180
Figure 51. Goldilocks process and applications. 182

The Global Market for Lignin Biomaterials & Biochemicals 2024-2035

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1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 12

2 INTRODUCTION 13

3 LIGNIN PRODUCTION PROCESSES 29

4 MARKETS FOR LIGNIN 57

5 COMPANY PROFILES 99

6 REFERENCES 185

List of Tables

List of Figures

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