The Global Market for Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) 2025-2035 - Advanced and Emerging Technology Market Research

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Published: April 2025
Pages: 176
Tables: 62
Figures: 52

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent one of the most promising classes of advanced materials developed in recent decades, characterized by their tunable porous structures, exceptional surface areas, and customizable chemical functionalities. Despite over 100,000 MOF structures having been synthesized in laboratories worldwide, commercial market penetration remains limited, with only a handful of products successfully reaching commercialization. The global MOF market is currently experiencing a critical transition from academic research to industrial application. Market estimates suggest the industry is growing at approximately 30% annually, with projected revenues reaching several hundred million dollars by 2035 as key applications mature. The primary drivers for this growth include increasing environmental regulations, industrial decarbonization initiatives, water scarcity challenges, and energy efficiency mandates.

Carbon capture represents the largest and most promising market segment for MOFs. Companies including Svante, Nuada, Mosaic Materials, and AspiraDAC are developing MOF-based solutions for both point-source capture and direct air capture (DAC). Svante's implementation of CALF-20, a zinc-based MOF manufactured by BASF, has demonstrated the ability to capture approximately one tonne of CO₂ daily from cement plant flue gas, highlighting the commercial viability of MOF-based carbon capture technologies.

Water harvesting and HVAC applications constitute another significant market segment. Companies such as WaHa, AirJoule, and Transaera are leveraging MOFs' superior water adsorption properties, which can generate up to 0.7 liters per kilogram of MOF daily even in arid conditions. MOF-303, an aluminum-based framework, has been successfully tested in Death Valley, demonstrating practical application in extreme environments.

Chemical separation and purification represent a third major application area, where MOFs offer potentially significant energy savings compared to traditional methods. The selective separation of gases like CO₂/CH₄, propylene/propane, and refrigerant reclamation are showing commercial promise, with companies like UniSieve demonstrating MOF-based membrane technology capable of separating propylene to 99.5% purity.

The gas storage market has seen early commercial success with NuMat Technologies' ION-X cylinders, which store hazardous gases sub-atmospherically for the semiconductor industry. This application addresses critical safety concerns in electronics manufacturing by reducing the risks associated with high-pressure storage of toxic gases.

Despite promising applications, significant barriers to broader market adoption remain. Manufacturing challenges include scaling production from laboratory grams to industrial tonnes while maintaining consistent material properties. High production costs compared to conventional adsorbents present economic hurdles, though costs are decreasing as manufacturing scales up. Processing steps including forming, shaping, and activation add complexity, while real-world testing and regulatory compliance further extend development timelines.

The current MOF manufacturing landscape includes approximately 50 companies worldwide, with production capacity concentrated among a few key players. BASF has established multi-hundred-tonne annual production capacity using batch synthesis methods, while NuMat Technologies reports capacity approaching 300 tonnes annually at its U.S. facilities. Specialized manufacturers like Promethean Particles and novoMOF focus on scaled production of tailored MOF formulations.

Looking ahead, the MOF market is poised for accelerated growth as manufacturing techniques mature and costs decrease. The convergence of environmental pressures, regulatory drivers, and technological advancements is creating favorable conditions for expanded commercialization. The industry's evolution from fundamental research to commercial deployment follows patterns seen in other advanced materials, where decades-long development cycles eventually lead to widespread market adoption when critical technical and economic thresholds are crossed.

The Global Market for Metal-Organic Frameworks 2025-2035 provides an in-depth analysis of how MOFs are transitioning from scientific curiosity to commercial reality, with detailed examination of manufacturing processes, downstream applications, and market opportunities. The global MOF market is poised for significant growth, with projected revenues reaching several billion dollars by 2035, driven primarily by applications in carbon capture, water harvesting, gas storage, and chemical separations. The report examines how MOFs' exceptional properties—including record-breaking surface areas exceeding 7,000 m²/g, tunable pore sizes, and customizable chemical functionalities—are enabling solutions to some of society's most pressing environmental and industrial challenges. Report contents include:

Executive Summary: Comprehensive overview of current MOF markets, technological developments (2021-2025), technical challenges, cost considerations, and market forecasts to 2035
Detailed Introduction to MOFs: Analysis of structures, properties, and comparisons with competing porous materials including zeolites, COFs, and POPs
Manufacturing Processes and Challenges: Evaluation of 14 synthesis methods including solvothermal, hydrothermal, electrochemical, and mechanochemical approaches
Industrial Manufacturing Assessment: Detailed comparison of batch vs. continuous production methods, downstream processing requirements, and current global production capacities
Comprehensive Market Analysis: Factors driving MOF demand, value chain examination, and commercial product availability
Cost-Benefit Analysis: Production costs, current pricing structures, and economic viability across applications
Application-Specific Sections: In-depth analysis of 15+ key application areas including:
- Carbon capture, removal, and storage (both DAC and point source)
- Gas storage and transport systems
- Chemical separation and purification
- Water harvesting and atmospheric moisture capture
- HVAC and thermal management applications
- Catalysis and chemical transformation
- Biomedical applications (drug delivery, antibacterials, biosensors)
- Energy storage and conversion systems
- Sensor technologies and detection systems
- Optical and imaging applications
- Quantum computing and advanced electronic applications
- Agricultural applications
Application Analysis Framework: Each application section includes:
- Material properties relevant to the application
- Current and emerging commercial applications
- Technical and economic limitations
- Supply chain considerations and bottlenecks
- SWOT analysis of MOF implementation
- Profiles of key market players and technology developments
Global Market Forecasts 2025-2035:
- Total market revenue projections with conservative and high-growth scenarios
- Market segmentation by material demand (mass)
- Revenue forecasts by end-use application
- Regional market analysis covering North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa
Patent Landscape Analysis: Examination of global MOF patent applications, sector-specific patenting activity, and regional intellectual property trends
Comprehensive Company Profiles: Detailed profiles of 46 active companies in the MOF space, including startups, established manufacturers, and end-users
- Manufacturing capabilities and production capacities
- Technology offerings and commercial products
- Strategic positioning and market focus
- Development pipelines and commercial partnerships. Companies profiled include AirJoule, AspiraDAC Pty Ltd., Atoco, Atomis Inc., Avnos, BASF SE, Captivate Technology Ltd, Carbon Infinity Limited, CSIRO, Daikin, Disruptive Materials AB, EnergyX, ExxonMobil, Framergy Inc., Green Science Alliance, H2MOF, Immaterial Ltd, Lantha Sensors, Matrix Sensors Inc., Mitsui Kinzoku, Montana Technologies, Mosaic Materials Inc. (Baker Hughes), MOFApps AS, MOFLab Pte Ltd, MOFEX Cp. Ltd., MOFWORX, MOF Circle, Nanoseen, novoMOF AG, Nuada, NuMat Technologies Inc., Orchestra Scientific S.L., Porous Liquid Technologies and more....

The report combines primary research, including interviews with industry leaders and technology developers, with extensive secondary research to provide the most comprehensive analysis of the MOF market available. With over 50 tables and figures, the report offers unparalleled data visualization of market trends, technology comparisons, and growth projections. This essential industry guide helps stakeholders navigate the complex landscape of MOF commercialization, identifying market opportunities, technological bottlenecks, and strategic investment areas to capitalize on this emerging materials revolution. Whether you're a materials manufacturer, end-user industry, investor, or research institution, this report provides critical intelligence for strategic decision-making in the rapidly evolving MOF market space.

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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 13

1.1 Markets and applications 13
1.2 Industry developments 2021-2025 14
1.3 Current technical challenges and limitations 16
1.4 Cost and Pricing 17
1.5 Artificial intelligence and machine learning in MOF commercialization 19
1.6 Market prospects to 2035 20

2 INTRODUCTION 21

2.1 Structure and properties 23
2.2 Comparison to other porous materials 26
- 2.2.1 Zeolites 27
- 2.2.2 Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) 28
- 2.2.3 Porous Organic Polymers (POPs) 29
- 2.2.4 MOFs vs other solid adsorbents 30
2.3 Manufacturing Processes 31
2.4 Industrial Manufacturing of MOFs 32
- 2.4.1 Standard batch synthesis 33
- 2.4.2 Comparison of different synthesis methods 33
- 2.4.3 Solvothermal synthesis 34
- 2.4.4 Hydrothermal synthesis 35
- 2.4.5 Electrochemical synthesis 36
- 2.4.6 Microwave synthesis 36
- 2.4.7 Diffusion synthesis 37
- 2.4.8 Mechanochemical synthesis 37
- 2.4.9 Sonochemical synthesis 38
- 2.4.10 Room Temperature synthesis 38
- 2.4.11 Spray Pyrolysis 38
- 2.4.12 Ionothermal synthesis 38
- 2.4.13 Layer-by-layer growth technique 39
- 2.4.14 High-throughput robotic methods 39
2.5 Downstream Processing 40
2.6 MOF producers and production capacities 41

3 MARKETS FOR METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS 42

3.1 Factors driving demand for MOFs 43
3.2 Market map 43
3.3 Value chain 44
3.4 Commercial MOF products 45
3.5 Cost-benefit analysis 46
3.6 Chemical separation and purification 47
- 3.6.1 Properties 49
- 3.6.2 Applications 50
- 3.6.3 Limitations 50
- 3.6.4 Supply Chain Considerations 51
- 3.6.5 SWOT analysis 52
- 3.6.6 Market players 52
3.7 Gas capture, storage and transport 53
- 3.7.1 Properties 53
- 3.7.2 Applications 55
- 3.7.3 Limitations 55
- 3.7.4 Supply Chain Considerations 56
- 3.7.5 SWOT analysis 56
- 3.7.6 Market players 58
3.8 Carbon Capture, Removal and Storage 59
- 3.8.1 Properties 60
- 3.8.2 Applications 63
- 3.8.3 Solid sorbents 63
  - 3.8.3.1 DAC 63
  - 3.8.3.2 Polymers 69
  - 3.8.3.3 Carbon 69
  - 3.8.3.4 Zeolite 70
  - 3.8.3.5 Solid amine 70
- 3.8.4 Limitations 71
- 3.8.5 Supply Chain Considerations 71
- 3.8.6 SWOT analysis 72
- 3.8.7 Market players 73
3.9 Catalysis 74
- 3.9.1 Properties 74
- 3.9.2 Applications 75
- 3.9.3 Limitations 75
- 3.9.4 Supply Chain Considerations 76
- 3.9.5 SWOT analysis 76
3.10 Coatings 77
- 3.10.1 Properties 77
- 3.10.2 Applications 77
- 3.10.3 Limitations 78
- 3.10.4 Supply Chain Considerations 79
- 3.10.5 SWOT analysis 79
3.11 Biomedicine 80
- 3.11.1 Properties 80
- 3.11.2 Applications 81
  - 3.11.2.1 Drug delivery 82
  - 3.11.2.2 Antibacterials 83
  - 3.11.2.3 Biosensors and bioimaging 83
- 3.11.3 Limitations 84
- 3.11.4 Supply Chain Considerations 85
- 3.11.5 SWOT analysis 86
3.12 Sensors 86
- 3.12.1 Properties 86
- 3.12.2 Applications 87
- 3.12.3 Limitations 88
- 3.12.4 Supply Chain Considerations 89
- 3.12.5 SWOT analysis 89
- 3.12.6 Market players 90
3.13 Air and water filtration 90
- 3.13.1 Properties 91
- 3.13.2 Applications 92
- 3.13.3 Limitations 93
- 3.13.4 SWOT analysis 94
3.14 Water harvesting 94
- 3.14.1 Properties 94
- 3.14.2 Applications 95
- 3.14.3 Limitations 96
- 3.14.4 SWOT analysis 97
- 3.14.5 Market players 97
3.15 Energy storage 99
- 3.15.1 Properties 99
- 3.15.2 Applications 99
- 3.15.3 Limitations 100
- 3.15.4 SWOT analysis 101
- 3.15.5 Market players 101
3.16 Heat exchangers 102
- 3.16.1 Properties 102
- 3.16.2 Applications 103
- 3.16.3 Limitations 104
- 3.16.4 SWOT analysis 105
3.17 Fuel cells 106
- 3.17.1 Properties 106
- 3.17.2 Applications 107
- 3.17.3 Limitations 108
- 3.17.4 SWOT analysis 109
3.18 Optics and imaging 109
- 3.18.1 Properties 110
- 3.18.2 Applications 110
- 3.18.3 Limitations 111
- 3.18.4 SWOT analysis 112
3.19 HVAC 112
- 3.19.1 Properties 112
- 3.19.2 Applications 113
- 3.19.3 Limitations 114
- 3.19.4 SWOT analysis 114
3.20 Quantum computing 115
- 3.20.1 Applications 116
3.21 Agriculture 117
- 3.21.1 Applications 117

4 GLOBAL MARKET TO 2035 118

4.1 Total 119
4.2 By material demand (mass) 121
4.3 By end-use market 123
4.4 By region 127
- 4.4.1 North America 131
- 4.4.2 Europe 131
- 4.4.3 Asia Pacific 131
- 4.4.4 Latin America 131
- 4.4.5 Middle East & Africa 131

5 MOF PATENTS 131

5.1 Global MOF patent applications 132
5.2 Patenting by sector 132
5.3 Patenting by regional authority 133

6 COMPANY PROFILES 134 (46 company profiles)

7 EX-PRODUCERS 168

8 DISTRIBUTORS 170

9 REFERENCES 172

List of Tables

Table 1. Markets and applications of Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). 13
Table 2. MOF industry developments 2021-2025. 14
Table 3. Current technical challenges and limitations for MOFs. 16
Table 4. Production costs. 17
Table 5. MOFS pricing. 17
Table 6. Market prospects to 2035 by application. 20
Table 7. Example MOFs and their applications. 22
Table 8. Summary of MOFs. 23
Table 9. Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). 23
Table 10. Comparative analysis of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and other porous materials. 27
Table 11. Material benchmarking of MOFs vs other solid adsorbents. 30
Table 12. Comparison of different synthesis methods for Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). 33
Table 13. MOF producers and production capacities. 41
Table 14. Factors affecting demand for MOFs. 43
Table 15. Commercially available MOF products. 45
Table 16. Cost-benefit analysis for MOFs by market. 46
Table 17. Applications of MOFs in Chemical separation and purification. 49
Table 18. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in chemical separation and purification. 50
Table 19. Limitations of MOFs in Chemical separation and purification. 50
Table 20. Market players in MOFS for chemical separation and purification. 52
Table 21. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in applications. 55
Table 22. Limitations of MOFs in gas capture and storage. 55
Table 23. Market players in MOFS for gas capture, storage and transport. 58
Table 24. Comparison of carbon-capture materials. 60
Table 25. Assessment of carbon capture materials 60
Table 26. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) carbon capture and storage. 63
Table 27. DAC technology developers and production. 65
Table 28. Limitations of MOFs in carbon capture and storage. 71
Table 29. Market players in MOFS for carbon capture and storage. 73
Table 30. Catalytic applications of MOFs. 75
Table 31. Limitations of MOFs in catalysis. 75
Table 32. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in coatings. 78
Table 33. Limitations of MOFs in coatings. 78
Table 34. Biomedical applications of MOFs. 81
Table 35. Limitations of MOFs in biomedicine. 84
Table 36. MOF sensor applications. 87
Table 37. Limitations of MOFs in sensors. 88
Table 38. Market players in MOFS for sensors. 90
Table 39. Conventional and emerging technologies for heavy metal removal from wastewater. 91
Table 40. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in air and water filtration. 92
Table 41. Limitations of MOFs in air and water filtration. 93
Table 42. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in water harvesting. 95
Table 43. Limitations of MOFs in water harvesting. 96
Table 44. Market players in MOFS for water harvesting. 97
Table 45. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in energy storage. 99
Table 46. Limitations of MOFs in energy storage. 100
Table 47. Market players in MOFS for energy storage. 101
Table 48. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in heat exchangers. 103
Table 49. Limitations of MOFs in heat exchangers. 104
Table 50. Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells. 106
Table 51. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in fuel cells. 107
Table 52. Limitations of MOFs in fuel cells. 108
Table 53. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in optics and imaging. 110
Table 54. Limitations of MOFs in optics and imaging. 111
Table 55. Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in HVAC. 113
Table 56. Limitations of MOFs in catalysis. 114
Table 57. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2035, Millions USD. 119
Table 58. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2035, by material demand (mass). 121
Table 59. Global market revenues for MOFs by market, 2018-2035, Millions USD, medium revenues estimate. 123
Table 60. Global market revenues for MOFs by market, 2018-2035, Millions USD, high revenues estimate. 125
Table 61. Global market revenues for MOFs by region 2018-2035, Millions USD, conservative revenues estimate. 127
Table 62. Global market revenues for MOFs by region 2018-2035, Millions USD, high revenues estimate. 129

List of Figures

Figure 1. Examples of typical metal−organic frameworks. 22
Figure 2. Schematic drawing of a metal–organic framework (MOF) structure. 25
Figure 3. Representative MOFs. 26
Figure 4. Schematic of zeolite. 28
Figure 5. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) schematic representation. 29
Figure 6. MOF synthesis methods. 31
Figure 7. MOF synthesis methods historically. 32
Figure 8. Solvothermal synthesis of MOFs. 35
Figure 9. Hydrothermal synthesis of metal–organic frameworks. 35
Figure 10. Electrochemical Synthesis method. 36
Figure 11. Mechanochemical synthesis of MOFs. 38
Figure 12. Market map: Metal-Organic Frameworks. 44
Figure 13. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) value chain, 45
Figure 14. SWOT analysis: MOFS in Chemical separation and purification. 52
Figure 15. Hydrogen storage. 54
Figure 16. NuMat’s ION-X cylinders. 54
Figure 17. SWOT analysis: MOFS in gas capture, storage and transport. 57
Figure 18. Schematic of Climeworks DAC system. 63
Figure 19. Climeworks’ first commercial direct air capture (DAC) plant, based in Hinwil, Switzerland. 64
Figure 20. Flow diagram for solid sorbent DAC. 64
Figure 21. SWOT analysis: MOFS in carbon capture and storage. 73
Figure 22. SWOT analysis: MOFS in catalysis. 76
Figure 23. SWOT analysis: MOFS in coatings. 79
Figure 24. Antibacterial mechanisms of metal–organic frameworks. 83
Figure 25. SWOT analysis: MOFS in biomedicine. 86
Figure 26. SWOT analysis: MOFS in sensors. 89
Figure 27. Capture mechanism for MOFs toward air pollutants. 91
Figure 28. SWOT analysis: MOFS in air and water filtration. 94
Figure 29. Schematic of a MOF-based device for water harvesting. 95
Figure 30. SWOT analysis: MOFS in water harvesting. 97
Figure 31. SWOT analysis: MOFS in energy storage. 101
Figure 32. MOF-coated heat exchanger. 103
Figure 33. SWOT analysis: MOFS in heat exchangers. 105
Figure 34. MOF composite membranes. 107
Figure 35. SWOT analysis: MOFS in fuel cells. 109
Figure 36. SWOT analysis: MOFS in optics and imaging. 112
Figure 37. MOFS applied in HVAC. 113
Figure 38. SWOT analysis: MOFS in catalysis. 115
Figure 39. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2035, Millions USD. 120
Figure 40. Global market revenues for MOFs, 2018-2035, by material demand (mass). 122
Figure 41. Global market revenues for MOFs by market, 2018-2035, Millions USD, medium revenues estimate. 124
Figure 42. Global market revenues for MOFs by market, 2018-2035, Millions USD, high revenues estimate. 126
Figure 43. Global market revenues for MOFs by region 2018-2035, Millions USD, conservative revenues estimate. 128
Figure 44. Global market revenues for MOFs by region 2018-2035, Millions USD, high revenues estimate. 130
Figure 45. Global MOF patent applications 2001-2022. 132
Figure 46. Patent applications by sector. 133
Figure 47. Patent applications by authority. 134
Figure 48. Schematic of carbon capture solar project. 137
Figure 49. Mosaic Materials MOFs. 151
Figure 50. CALF-20 has been integrated into a rotating CO2 capture machine (left), which operates inside a CO2 plant module (right). 162
Figure 51. MOF-based cartridge (purple) added to an existing air conditioner. 164
Figure 52. Molecular sieving membrane. 165

The Global Market for Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) 2025-2035

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