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The Global Market for Micro- and Nanocellulose 2024-2035

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Microfibrillated Cellulose, Nanofibrillated Cellulose, Cellulose Nanocrystals and Bacterial Nanocellulose

  • Published: May 2025
  • Pages: 570
  • Tables: 134
  • Figures: 251

 

Cellulose is renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and the most important and naturally abundant organic biopolymer in the biosphere. It is the structural basis of plant cells produced from highly developed trees to primitive organisms such as seaweeds, flagellates and bacteria. In recent years, the conversion of renewable lignocellulosic biomass and natural biopolymers into commercial products has gained considerable attention. In addition, the gradual depletion of petroleum resources, the lack of space for landfills, concerns over emissions during incineration, and environmental pollution caused due to accumulation of these non-destructible solid wastes has spurred efforts to develop high performance materials which are eco-friendly and sustainable.

The Global Market for Micro- and Nanocellulose 2024-2035 covers cellulose from the micro- (cellulose fiber) to nanoscale (nanocellulose), including all recent developments made in the area of advanced bio-nanomaterials, chemical functionalization of celluloses from the micro- to nanoscale, and their processing and successful utilization for commercial applications.  The report offers a detailed overview of cellulose sources, including wood, plants, tunicate, algae, and bacteria, as well as the production methods for microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). 

Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) is a bio-based material composed of cellulose fibrils that have been separated from a source, typically wood pulp. MFC has a large surface area, thus allowing the formation of more hydrogen bonds within the web, giving natural strength to new materials.  When added to the manufacturing process they produce a wide range of enhancements.

Nanocellulose (NC) covers a range of materials that vary based on their source raw material, synthesis methods, and structural features. Three types of NC are commercially available: nanofibrillated cellulose/cellulose nanofibers (NFC/CNF), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC).  In addition to being produced in different ways, these three types also vary in their physico-chemical properties, from size to crystallinity. The global nanocellulose (NC) market has accelerated over the last few years as producers in Japan and to a lesser extent North America and Europe bring products to market. The development of these remarkable materials has compelled major paper and pulp producers to gravitate their traditional business towards advanced biorefineries, which have met with initial success and resulted in production capacity increases. Most commercially produced NC is CNF, which is produced on a large scale in Japan.  

The report provides in-depth analysis of production methods, key players, products, prices, end use markets including composites, packaging, medicine, automotive, aerospace, oil and gas, paints and coatings for micro- and nanocellulose. Also covered are commercialization challenges, SWOT analysis, applications, market outlook, and forecasts in both tonnage and revenues globally.

The report includes:

  • Cellulose sources and production capacities.
  • Comparative analysis of micro- and nanocellulose types - properties, production, applications.
  • Commercial products and pricing analysis.
  • Profiles of over 210 companies active across the micro- and nanocellulose value chain including products, production capacities, manufacturing methods, collaborations, licensing, customers and target markets.. Companies profiled include Anomera, Asahi Kasei, Borregaard Chemcell, Cellucomp, Celluforce, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper, Daicel Corporation, Daio Paper, DKS, Fiberlean, Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd., Innventia AB, KRI, Inc., Melodea, Nippon Paper, Norkse Skog, Oji, Sappi, Smart Reactors, Stora Enso, Suzano, and UPM (full list of companies in the table of contents). 
  • Granular 10+ year demand forecasts in tons and market value for micro- and nanocellulose globally and by key regional markets.
  • Evaluation of adoption for composites, automotive, construction, packaging, textiles, healthcare, filtration, rheology modifiers. The report also explores emerging opportunities for micro and nanocellulose in industries such as 3D printing, aerospace, electronics, and energy storage. It analyzes the supply chain, industrial collaborations, and the competitive landscape, providing a holistic view of the micro and nanocellulose market.
  • Assessment of technological readiness, regional supply chains, competitive environment, R&D priorities.
  • Insights into IP trends, start-ups, partnerships, opportunities and challenges in commercialization.

 

For producers, end users, investors and researchers, this is the most comprehensive global business analysis benchmarking the state of the emerging micro- and nanocellulose industry.

Download table of contents (PDF)

1             INTRODUCTION            

  • 1.1         Definitions        39
  • 1.2         Cellulose            39
  • 1.3         Market Growth Drivers and Trends        41
  • 1.4         Addressable Market Size           42
  • 1.5         Feedstocks       43
    • 1.5.1     Wood    44
    • 1.5.2     Plant     44
    • 1.5.3     Tunicate             45
    • 1.5.4     Algae    45
    • 1.5.5     Bacteria              46
  • 1.6         Cellulose fibers               46
    • 1.6.1     Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)             47
    • 1.6.2     Commercial production of cellulose fibers from plants              48
      • 1.6.2.1 Seed fibers        48
        • 1.6.2.1.1             Cotton 48
          • 1.6.2.1.1.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              49
        • 1.6.2.1.2             Kapok   50
          • 1.6.2.1.2.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              51
        • 1.6.2.1.3             Luffa     51
      • 1.6.2.2 Bast fibers         52
        • 1.6.2.2.1             Jute       53
          • 1.6.2.2.1.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              54
        • 1.6.2.2.2             Hemp   55
          • 1.6.2.2.2.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              56
        • 1.6.2.2.3             Flax       56
          • 1.6.2.2.3.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              57
        • 1.6.2.2.4             Ramie  58
          • 1.6.2.2.4.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              59
        • 1.6.2.2.5             Kenaf   60
          • 1.6.2.2.5.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              61
      • 1.6.2.3 Leaf fibers         62
        • 1.6.2.3.1             Sisal     62
          • 1.6.2.3.1.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              63
        • 1.6.2.3.2             Abaca  63
          • 1.6.2.3.2.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              65
      • 1.6.2.4 Fruit fibers         65
        • 1.6.2.4.1             Coir       65
          • 1.6.2.4.1.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              66
        • 1.6.2.4.2             Banana                67
          • 1.6.2.4.2.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              68
        • 1.6.2.4.3             Pineapple          69
      • 1.6.2.5 Stalk fibers from agricultural residues 70
        • 1.6.2.5.1             Rice fiber            70
        • 1.6.2.5.2             Corn      71
      • 1.6.2.6 Cane, grasses and reed              72
        • 1.6.2.6.1             Switch grass     72
        • 1.6.2.6.2             Sugarcane (agricultural residues)          72
        • 1.6.2.6.3             Bamboo              73
        • 1.6.2.6.3.1         Production volumes 2018-2035              74
        • 1.6.2.6.4             Fresh grass (green biorefinery) 74
    • 1.6.3     Regenerated cellulose fibers   75
    • 1.6.4     Ionic liquids      76
  • 1.7         “Nano” Cellulose (CNF, CNC, BNC)     76
  • 1.8         Cellulose filaments      77

 

2             MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE         

  • 2.1         Production capacities 78
  • 2.2         Global market demand 2018-2035        79
    • 2.2.1     By market, tons               79
    • 2.2.2     By market, revenues     80
  • 2.3         Market supply chain     81
  • 2.4         Price and Costs Analysis            82
  • 2.5         SWOT analysis 83
  • 2.6         Products             84
  • 2.7         Key market players and competitive landscape             85
  • 2.8         Future Outlook 86
  • 2.9         Risks and Opportunities             87
  • 2.10       End use markets             88
    • 2.10.1   Paperboard and packaging        88
      • 2.10.1.1               Market overview             88
      • 2.10.1.2               Global market 2018-2024          89
        • 2.10.1.2.1           Tons      89
        • 2.10.1.2.2           Revenues           90
        • 2.10.1.2.3           By Region           92
    • 2.10.2   Textiles               94
      • 2.10.2.1               Market overview             94
      • 2.10.2.2               Global market 2018-2035          94
        • 2.10.2.2.1           Tons      94
        • 2.10.2.2.2           Revenues           96
        • 2.10.2.2.3           By Region           97
    • 2.10.3   Personal care   99
      • 2.10.3.1               Market overview             99
      • 2.10.3.2               Global market 2018-2035          100
        • 2.10.3.2.1           Tons      100
        • 2.10.3.2.2           Revenues           101
        • 2.10.3.2.3           By Region           103
    • 2.10.4   Paints and coatings      105
      • 2.10.4.1               Market overview             105
      • 2.10.4.2               Global market 2018-2035          106
        • 2.10.4.2.1           Tons      106
        • 2.10.4.2.2           Revenues           107
        • 2.10.4.2.3           By Region           109
    • 2.10.5   Other markets 111
  • 2.11       Company profiles          112
    • 2.11.1   BIO-LUTIONS International AG               112
    • 2.11.2   Biotecam           113
    • 2.11.3   Birla Cellulose 113
    • 2.11.4   BlockTexx Pty Ltd.          114
    • 2.11.5   Borregaard ChemCell  115
    • 2.11.6   Cass Materials Pty Ltd 117
    • 2.11.7   Cellucomp Ltd.               117
    • 2.11.8   CH Bioforce      119
    • 2.11.9   CIRC     120
    • 2.11.10 Circular Systems           121
    • 2.11.11 CreaFill Fibers Corporation       122
    • 2.11.12 Daicel Corporation        122
    • 2.11.13 Daito Kasei Kogyo Co.  124
    • 2.11.14 Eastman Chemical Co.               125
    • 2.11.15 Evrnu    126
    • 2.11.16 525 Solutions, Inc.         127
    • 2.11.17 Fiberlean Technologies               127
    • 2.11.18 Freyzein              129
    • 2.11.19 GenCrest Bio Products                130
    • 2.11.20 HeiQ Materials AG        131
    • 2.11.21 Honext Material SL       132
    • 2.11.22 The Hurd Co      132
    • 2.11.23 Infinited Fiber Company Oy      133
    • 2.11.24 Inspidere B.V.   134
    • 2.11.25 Ioncell Oy           135
    • 2.11.26 Kelheim Fibres 135
    • 2.11.27 Klabin S.A.         136
    • 2.11.28 Kruger Biomaterials, Inc.            137
    • 2.11.29 Lenzing AG        138
    • 2.11.30 LIST Technology AG      139
    • 2.11.31 Lixea    140
    • 2.11.32 Metsä Group     142
    • 2.11.33 Nanollose Ltd  142
    • 2.11.34 Noosa Fiber      144
    • 2.11.35 Nordic Bioproducts Group         144
    • 2.11.36 Norske Skog ASA            145
    • 2.11.37 Orange Fiber S.r.l.          146
    • 2.11.38 Organic Disposables    146
    • 2.11.39 Panasonic         147
    • 2.11.40 Re-Fresh Global              148
    • 2.11.41 Releaf Paper     149
    • 2.11.42 Re:newcell        150
    • 2.11.43 Rise Innventia AB           150
    • 2.11.44 Sappi Limited  152
    • 2.11.45 SaXcell BV         152
    • 2.11.46 Simplifyber, Inc.             153
    • 2.11.47 Smartfiber AG 154
    • 2.11.48 Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co.          156
    • 2.11.49 Spinnova Oyj    156
    • 2.11.50 Stora Enso Oyj 157
    • 2.11.51 Suzano (Woodspin)       159
    • 2.11.52 TreeToTextile   160
    • 2.11.53 UPM Biocomposites     160
    • 2.11.54 Valmet Oyj        161
    • 2.11.55 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd 162
    • 2.11.56 Weidmann Fiber Technology    164
    • 2.11.57 Woodly Ltd.       164
    • 2.11.58 Worn Again Technologies           165
    • 2.11.59 Zelfo Technology GmbH             166

 

3             CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS        

  • 3.1         Advantages of cellulose nanofibers      168
  • 3.2         Pre-treatment and Synthesis methods               169
    • 3.2.1     Acid hydrolysis 173
    • 3.2.2     TEMPO oxidation            173
    • 3.2.3     Ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation               173
    • 3.2.4     Enzymatic Hydrolysis  174
    • 3.2.5     Ball milling        174
    • 3.2.6     Cryocrushing    174
    • 3.2.7     High-shear grinding       175
    • 3.2.8     Ultrasonication               175
    • 3.2.9     High-pressure homogenization              175
    • 3.2.10   Recent methods             176
      • 3.2.10.1               Microwave irradiation 176
      • 3.2.10.2               Enzymatic processing 176
      • 3.2.10.3               Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 177
      • 3.2.10.4               Pulsed electric field     178
      • 3.2.10.5               Electron beam irradiation          178
  • 3.3         Applications of cellulose nanofibers    180
  • 3.4         SWOT analysis 181
  • 3.5         Commercial Production             182
    • 3.5.1     Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) production capacities 2022, in metric tons by producer   184
  • 3.6         Price and cost analysis               185
  • 3.7         Commercial CNF products       187
  • 3.8         Key market players and competitive landscape             196
  • 3.9         Future Outlook 197
  • 3.10       Risks and Opportunities             197
  • 3.11       End use markets for cellulose nanofibers          198
    • 3.11.1   Composites      198
      • 3.11.1.1               Market overview             199
      • 3.11.1.2               Applications     203
        • 3.11.1.2.1           Automotive composites             204
        • 3.11.1.2.2           Biocomposite films & packaging            204
        • 3.11.1.2.3           Barrier packaging           205
        • 3.11.1.2.4           Thermal insulation composites              205
        • 3.11.1.2.5           Construction composites          205
      • 3.11.1.3               Global market 2018-2035          206
        • 3.11.1.3.1           Tons      206
        • 3.11.1.3.2           Revenues           207
        • 3.11.1.3.3           By Region           209
      • 3.11.1.4               Product developers       211
    • 3.11.2   Automotive       213
      • 3.11.2.1               Market overview             213
      • 3.11.2.2               Applications     216
        • 3.11.2.2.1           Composites      216
        • 3.11.2.2.2           Air intake components 222
        • 3.11.2.2.3           Tires      222
      • 3.11.2.3               Global market 2018-2035          223
        • 3.11.2.3.1           Tons      223
        • 3.11.2.3.2           Revenues           224
        • 3.11.2.3.3           By Region           225
      • 3.11.2.4               Product developers       228
    • 3.11.3   Buildings and construction       231
      • 3.11.3.1               Market overview             231
      • 3.11.3.2               Applications     234
        • 3.11.3.2.1           Sandwich composites 234
        • 3.11.3.2.2           Cement additives          234
        • 3.11.3.2.3           Pump primers  235
        • 3.11.3.2.4           Thermal insulation and damping            235
      • 3.11.3.3               Global market 2018-2035          236
        • 3.11.3.3.1           Tons      236
        • 3.11.3.3.2           Revenues           237
        • 3.11.3.3.3           By region            239
      • 3.11.3.4               Product developers       241
    • 3.11.4   Paper and board packaging       242
      • 3.11.4.1               Market overview             242
      • 3.11.4.2               Applications     248
        • 3.11.4.2.1           Reinforcement and barrier        248
        • 3.11.4.2.2           Biodegradable food packaging foil and films    248
        • 3.11.4.2.3           Paperboard coatings    249
      • 3.11.4.3               Global market 2018-2035          249
        • 3.11.4.3.1           Tons      249
        • 3.11.4.3.2           Revenues           251
        • 3.11.4.3.3           By region            252
      • 3.11.4.4               Product developers       255
    • 3.11.5   Textiles and apparel      256
      • 3.11.5.1               Market overview             256
      • 3.11.5.2               Applications     259
        • 3.11.5.2.1           CNF deodorizer and odour reducer (antimicrobial) in adult and child diapers 260
        • 3.11.5.2.2           Footwear            260
      • 3.11.5.3               Global market 2018-2035          260
        • 3.11.5.3.1           Tons      260
        • 3.11.5.3.2           Revenues           262
        • 3.11.5.3.3           By region            263
      • 3.11.5.4               Product developer profiles        265
    • 3.11.6   Biomedicine and healthcare    266
      • 3.11.6.1               Market overview             266
      • 3.11.6.2               Applications     271
        • 3.11.6.2.1           Wound dressings           272
        • 3.11.6.2.2           Drug delivery stabilizers             272
        • 3.11.6.2.3           Tissue engineering scaffolds    272
      • 3.11.6.3               Global market 2018-2035          273
        • 3.11.6.3.1           Tons      273
        • 3.11.6.3.2           Revenues           274
        • 3.11.6.3.3           By region            276
      • 3.11.6.4               Product developers       278
    • 3.11.7   Hygiene and sanitary products                281
      • 3.11.7.1               Market overview             281
      • 3.11.7.2               Applications     281
      • 3.11.7.3               Global market 2018-2035          281
        • 3.11.7.3.1           Tons      281
        • 3.11.7.3.2           Revenues           282
        • 3.11.7.3.3           By region            284
      • 3.11.7.4               Product developers       286
    • 3.11.8   Paints and coatings      287
      • 3.11.8.1               Market overview             287
      • 3.11.8.2               Applications     290
      • 3.11.8.3               Global market 2018-2035          290
        • 3.11.8.3.1           Tons      290
        • 3.11.8.3.2           Revenues           292
        • 3.11.8.3.3           By region            293
      • 3.11.8.4               Product developers       295
    • 3.11.9   Aerogels             297
      • 3.11.9.1               Market overview             297
      • 3.11.9.2               Global market 2018-2035          299
        • 3.11.9.2.1           Tons      299
        • 3.11.9.2.2           Revenues           300
        • 3.11.9.2.3           By region            302
      • 3.11.9.3               Product developers       304
    • 3.11.10 Oil and gas         305
      • 3.11.10.1            Market overview             305
      • 3.11.10.2            Applications     307
        • 3.11.10.2.1        Oil recovery applications (fracturing fluid)        307
        • 3.11.10.2.2        CNF Membranes for separation              307
        • 3.11.10.2.3        Oil and gas fluids additives       308
      • 3.11.10.3            Global market 2018-2035          308
        • 3.11.10.3.1        Tons      308
        • 3.11.10.3.2        Revenues           309
        • 3.11.10.3.3        By region            311
      • 3.11.10.4            Product developers       313
    • 3.11.11 Filtration            314
      • 3.11.11.1            Market overview             314
      • 3.11.11.2            Applications     318
        • 3.11.11.2.1        Membranes for selective absorption    318
      • 3.11.11.3            Global market 2018-2035          319
        • 3.11.11.3.1        Tons      319
        • 3.11.11.3.2        Revenues           320
        • 3.11.11.3.3        By region            322
      • 3.11.11.4            Product developers       324
    • 3.11.12 Rheology modifiers       325
      • 3.11.12.1            Market overview             325
      • 3.11.12.2            Applications     327
        • 3.11.12.2.1        Food additives 327
        • 3.11.12.2.2        Pickering stabilizers     328
        • 3.11.12.2.3        Hydrogels          328
        • 3.11.12.2.4        Cosmetics and skincare             329
      • 3.11.12.3            Global market 2018-2035          329
        • 3.11.12.3.1        Tons      329
        • 3.11.12.3.2        Revenues           331
        • 3.11.12.3.3        By region            332
      • 3.11.12.4            Product developers       334
    • 3.11.13 Other markets 336
      • 3.11.13.1            Printed, stretchable and flexible electronics   336
        • 3.11.13.1.1        Market assessment      336
        • 3.11.13.1.2        Product developers       339
      • 3.11.13.2            3D printing         341
        • 3.11.13.2.1        Market assessment      341
        • 3.11.13.2.2        Product developers       343
      • 3.11.13.3            Aerospace         344
        • 3.11.13.3.1        Market assessment      344
        • 3.11.13.3.2        Product developers       345
      • 3.11.13.4            Batteries            346
        • 3.11.13.4.1        Market assessment      346
  • 3.12       Cellulose nanofiber company profiles 347
    • 3.12.1   Adsorbi                347
    • 3.12.2   Aichemist Metal Inc.    347
    • 3.12.3   ANPOLY, Inc.   348
    • 3.12.4   Asahi Kasei Corporation             349
    • 3.12.5   Azul Energy        354
    • 3.12.6   Beijing Ding Sheng Xiong Di Technology Co., Ltd.           355
    • 3.12.7   Betulium Oy      355
    • 3.12.8   Blue BioFuels, Inc.         356
    • 3.12.9   Ceapro, Inc.      357
    • 3.12.10 Cellfion AB        358
    • 3.12.11 CELLiCON B.V.               359
    • 3.12.12 Cellulose Lab   359
    • 3.12.13 Cellutech AB (Stora Enso)          360
    • 3.12.14 Centre Technique du Papier (CTP)         361
    • 3.12.15 Chemkey Advanced Materials Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.              363
    • 3.12.16 Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.               364
    • 3.12.17 CNNT   368
    • 3.12.18 DaikyoNishikawa Corporation 369
    • 3.12.19 Daio Paper Corporation              370
    • 3.12.20 Daishowa Paper Products Co. Ltd.        374
    • 3.12.21 Denso Corporation        375
    • 3.12.22 DIC        376
    • 3.12.23 DKS Co. Ltd.     378
    • 3.12.24 Earth Recycle Co., Ltd.                382
    • 3.12.25 Ehime Paper Manufacturing Co. Ltd.    382
    • 3.12.26 Evolgene Genomics SL               384
    • 3.12.27 Fibercoat GmbH            384
    • 3.12.28 Fillerbank Limited         385
    • 3.12.29 FineCell Sweden AB     386
    • 3.12.30 FP Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.                386
    • 3.12.31 Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd.   388
    • 3.12.32 Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd        389
    • 3.12.33 Gen Corporation             390
    • 3.12.34 Glamarium OÜ Technologies   391
    • 3.12.35 Granbio Technologies  392
    • 3.12.36 GreenKey           395
    • 3.12.37 GreenNano Technologies Inc. 396
    • 3.12.38 GS Alliance Co. Ltd.      397
    • 3.12.39 Guilin Qihong Technology          399
    • 3.12.40 Hansol Paper., Ltd.       399
    • 3.12.41 Harvest Nano, Inc.         400
    • 3.12.42 Hattori Shoten K.K.       400
    • 3.12.43 Hexa Chemical Co. Ltd./Nature Gift    401
    • 3.12.44 Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd.  402
    • 3.12.45 i-Compology Corporation          405
    • 3.12.46 InventWood      405
    • 3.12.47 The Japan Steel Works Ltd         406
    • 3.12.48 JeNaCell GmbH (Evonik)            406
    • 3.12.49 Kami Shoji Company    407
    • 3.12.50 Kao Corporation             408
    • 3.12.51 KOS 21 411
    • 3.12.52 KRI, Inc.               411
    • 3.12.53 Maniwa Biochemical   413
    • 3.12.54 Marine Nanofiber Co., Ltd.        414
    • 3.12.55 Marusumi Paper Company Limited      415
    • 3.12.56 Marutomi Seishi Co., Ltd.           417
    • 3.12.57 Masuko Sangyo Co., Ltd.            417
    • 3.12.58 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation/Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited        418
    • 3.12.59 Mizuno Kinzoku Shoji Co., Ltd. 421
    • 3.12.60 Mori Machinery Co., Ltd.            422
    • 3.12.61 Moorim P&P     423
    • 3.12.62 MOVIC AMT Co., Ltd.    424
    • 3.12.63 NANOGRAFI Co. Inc     425
    • 3.12.64 National Research Company   425
    • 3.12.65 Natural Friend 426
    • 3.12.66 Nature Costech Co., Ltd.           427
    • 3.12.67 Nature Gifts Co., Ltd.   428
    • 3.12.68 Nippon Paper Group, Inc.          428
    • 3.12.69 Nippon Shizai Co., Ltd 436
    • 3.12.70 Nissin Kogyo Co., Ltd.  436
    • 3.12.71 Ocean TuniCell AS         437
    • 3.12.72 Oita CELENA Co., Ltd. 438
    • 3.12.73 Omura Paint Co., Ltd.  438
    • 3.12.74 Onkyo Corporation        439
    • 3.12.75 Oji Holdings Corporation            440
    • 3.12.76 Osaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd.              447
    • 3.12.77 Performance BioFilaments Inc 449
    • 3.12.78 PhotoCide Protection, Inc.        450
    • 3.12.79 Rengo Co., Ltd.                451
    • 3.12.80 Ripro Corporation          452
    • 3.12.81 Risho Kogyo Co. Ltd.     453
    • 3.12.82 Sanwa Kako Co. Ltd      454
    • 3.12.83 Sappi Limited  455
    • 3.12.84 Seiko PMC Corporation               455
    • 3.12.85 Sharp Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd.  458
    • 3.12.86 Shinwa Kako KK              459
    • 3.12.87 Smart Reactors               460
    • 3.12.88 Starlite Co., Ltd.              460
    • 3.12.89 Sugino Machine Limited             461
    • 3.12.90 Svilosa AD         466
    • 3.12.91 Take Cite Co., Ltd.         467
    • 3.12.92 Taiyo Holdings Co Ltd  467
    • 3.12.93 Tianjon Haojia Cellulose Co., Ltd.          468
    • 3.12.94 Tentok Paper Co. Ltd.   468
    • 3.12.95 Toagosei Co. Ltd.           469
    • 3.12.96 Tokushu Tokai Paper Co., Ltd. 470
    • 3.12.97 Toray Industries, Inc.    470
    • 3.12.98 Toppan Printing Co., Ltd.            471
    • 3.12.99 Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. 473
    • 3.12.100             Toyota Boshoku Corporation    474
    • 3.12.101             Toyo Chemical 475
    • 3.12.102             TPS, Inc.              475
    • 3.12.103             TS Tech Co., Ltd.             475
    • 3.12.104             Ube Industries, Ltd.      476
    • 3.12.105             Unitika Co., Ltd.              477
    • 3.12.106             University of Maine Process Development Center        478
    • 3.12.107             UPM-Kymmene Corporation    480
    • 3.12.108             US Forest Products Laboratory (FPL)   483
    • 3.12.109             Valmet OYJ        486
    • 3.12.110             VERDE Nanomaterials, Inc.      486
    • 3.12.111             Verso Corporation         487
    • 3.12.112             Xylocel Oy          487
    • 3.12.113             Yokohama Bio Frontier, Inc.      488
    • 3.12.114             Yokohama Rubber Co. Ltd.       490
    • 3.12.115             Yoshikawakuni Plastics Industries Co., Ltd.     491
    • 3.12.116             Zeoform              491
    • 3.12.117             Zhejiang Jinjiahao Green Nanomaterial Co., Ltd.           492
    • 3.12.118             ZoepNano Sdn. Bhd      493

 

4             CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS 

  • 4.1         Introduction      494
  • 4.2         Synthesis           494
  • 4.3         Properties          497
  • 4.4         Production        498
  • 4.5         Price and cost analysis               498
  • 4.6         SWOT analysis 499
  • 4.7         Markets and applications          500
    • 4.7.1     Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production capacities 2022      501
    • 4.7.2     Markets and applications          501
    • 4.7.3     Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market  502
  • 4.8         Cellulose nanocrystal company profiles            505
    • 4.8.1     Alberta Innovates/Innotech Materials LLC        506
    • 4.8.2     Anomera, Inc.  507
    • 4.8.3     Blue Goose Biorefineries (BGB) Inc.     509
    • 4.8.4     Ceapro, Inc.      512
    • 4.8.5     CELLiCON B.V.               513
    • 4.8.6     CelluDot LLC   513
    • 4.8.7     Celluforce, Inc.               514
    • 4.8.8     Fillerbank Limited         517
    • 4.8.9     Evolgene Genomics SL               518
    • 4.8.10   Greeneple         518
    • 4.8.11   Guilin Qihong Technology          519
    • 4.8.12   Melodea Ltd.    520
    • 4.8.13   Nanolinter         524
    • 4.8.14   Navitas d.o.o (NANOCRYSTACELL)      524
    • 4.8.15   Poly-Ink               525
    • 4.8.16   Renmatix, Inc. 525
    • 4.8.17   Sweetwater Energy       528
    • 4.8.18   Tianjin Woodelfbio Cellulose Co., Ltd. 530
    • 4.8.19   Toyo Seikan Group Holdings, Ltd.          531
    • 4.8.20   UMaine Process Development Center 531
    • 4.8.21   Forest Products Laboratory (FPL)          533
    • 4.8.22   Valentis Nanotech        535

 

5             BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE (BNC)  

  • 5.1         Overview            537
  • 5.2         Production        537
  • 5.3         Price and cost analysis               540
  • 5.4         SWOT analysis 541
  • 5.5         Applications     542
  • 5.6         Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) company profiles          543
    • 5.6.1     AgriSea NZ Seaweed Ltd            543
    • 5.6.2     Axcelon Biopolymers Corporation         544
    • 5.6.3     Azolla   545
    • 5.6.4     BioSmart Nano               546
    • 5.6.5     Bioweg 546
    • 5.6.6     Bowil Biotech Sp. z o.o.           547
    • 5.6.7     Bucha Bio, Inc. 548
    • 5.6.8     Cass Materials Pty Ltd 548
    • 5.6.9     Cellugy 549
    • 5.6.10   DePuy Synthes 550
    • 5.6.11   FZMB GmbH     551
    • 5.6.12   Kusano Sakko Inc.         552
    • 5.6.13   Lohmann & Rauscher International GmbH & Co KG     553
    • 5.6.14   MakeGrowLab 553
    • 5.6.15   Modern Synthesis          554
    • 5.6.16   Nanollose Ltd  555
    • 5.6.17   Nano Novin Polymer Co              557
    • 5.6.18   Polybion             557
    • 5.6.19   ScobyTec GmbH            558
    • 5.6.20   Seven Industria De Produtos Biotecnologicos Ltda      558

 

6             RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY       

  • 6.1         Report scope    560
  • 6.2         Research methodology               560

 

7             REFERENCES  

 

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Length and diameter of nanocellulose types and MFC.             39
  • Table 2. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Micro- and Nanocellulose.         41
  • Table 3. Major polymers found in the extracellular covering of different algae.               46
  • Table 4. Overview of cotton fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.         48
  • Table 5. Overview of kapok fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.          50
  • Table 6. Overview of luffa fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.             52
  • Table 7. Overview of jute fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.              53
  • Table 8. Overview of hemp fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.          55
  • Table 9. Overview of flax fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.               57
  • Table 10. Overview of ramie fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.        58
  • Table 11. Overview of kenaf fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.        60
  • Table 12. Overview of sisal fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.          62
  • Table 13. Overview of abaca fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.       63
  • Table 14. Overview of coir fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.            65
  • Table 15. Overview of banana fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.    67
  • Table 16. Overview of pineapple fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.               69
  • Table 17. Overview of rice fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.            70
  • Table 18. Overview of corn fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.          71
  • Table 19. Overview of switch grass fibers-description, properties and applications.   72
  • Table 20. Overview of sugarcane fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and application and market size.                72
  • Table 21. Overview of bamboo fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.  73
  • Table 22. Recycled cellulose fibers companies.             75
  • Table 23. Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) production capacities in metric tons and production process, by producer, metric tons. 78
  • Table 24. Commercially available Microfibrillated Cellulose products.              84
  • Table 25. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paperboard and packaging-market age, key benefits, applications and producers.               88
  • Table 26. Global demand for cellulose microfibers (Microfibrillated Cellulose) in paper and packaging, 2018-2035(tons).        89
  • Table 27. Global revenues for cellulose microfibers (Microfibrillated Cellulose) in paper and packaging, 2018-2035(millions USD).      90
  • Table 28. Revenues for cellulose microfibers (Microfibrillated Cellulose) in paper and packaging, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).         92
  • Table 29. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in textiles-market age, key benefits, applications and producers. 94
  • Table 30. Global demand for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in textiles, 2018-2035(tons).  94
  • Table 31. Global revenues for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in textiles, 2018-2035(millions USD).    96
  • Table 32. Revenues for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in textiles, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).    97
  • Table 33. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in personal care-market age, key benefits, applications and producers. 99
  • Table 34. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in personal care, 2018-2035(tons).     100
  • Table 35. Global revenues for Microfibrillated Cellulose in personal care, 2018-2035(millions USD). 101
  • Table 36. Revenues for Microfibrillated Cellulose in personal care, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).         103
  • Table 37. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings-market age, key benefits, applications and producers.               105
  • Table 38. Global demand for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings, 2018-2035(tons).        106
  • Table 39. Global revenues for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings, 2018-2035(millions USD).      107
  • Table 40. Revenues for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      109
  • Table 41. Other markets for Microfibrillated Cellulose.              111
  • Table 42. Properties of cellulose nanofibrils relative to metallic and polymeric materials.       168
  • Table 43. Extraction of nanocellulose (NC) from various lignocellulosic sources using different conventional technologies.   172
  • Table 44. Applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF).  180
  • Table 45. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers by market in metric tons, 2018-2035.          182
  • Table 46. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tons.                184
  • Table 47: Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanofiber producers.                185
  • Table 48. Cellulose nanofiber-based commercial products.* 187
  • Table 49. Comparative properties of polymer composites reinforcing materials.         199
  • Table 50. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in composites-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global composites OEMs.        199
  • Table 51. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in composites, 2018-2035(metric tons).    206
  • Table 52. Revenues for cellulose nanofibers in composites, 2018-2035(millions USD).            207
  • Table 53. Revenues for cellulose nanofibers in composites, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).       209
  • Table 54. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers in composites.               211
  • Table 55. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in automotive-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global automotive OEMs.         213
  • Table 56. Components featured in the NCV.    217
  • Table 57. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive sector, 2018-2035(metric tons).                223
  • Table 58. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive sector, 2018-2035(millions USD).                224
  • Table 59. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive sector, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).    226
  • Table 60. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in the automotive industry.  228
  • Table 61. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in building and construction-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global construction OEMs              231
  • Table 62: Market demand for cellulose nanofibers in building and construction, 2018-2035(tons).     236
  • Table 63. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in building and construction, 2018-2035(millions USD).    237
  • Table 64. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in building and construction, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).    239
  • Table 65. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers in building and construction.  241
  • Table 66. Oxygen permeability of nanocellulose films compared to those made form commercially available petroleum-based materials and other polymers.           242
  • Table 67. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in paper and board packaging-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paper and board packaging OEMs.            242
  • Table 68. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in paper & board packaging market, 2018-2035(tons).        249
  • Table 69. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paper & board/packaging market, 2018-2035(millions USD).      251
  • Table 70. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paper & board/packaging market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      252
  • Table 71. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in paper and board.  255
  • Table 72. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in textiles and apparel-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global textiles and apparel OEMs.              256
  • Table 73. Demand for cellulose nanofibers in textiles, 2018-2035(tons).           260
  • Table 74. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the textiles & apparel market, 2018-2035(millions USD).    262
  • Table 75. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the textiles & apparel market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      263
  • Table 76. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in textiles and apparel.          265
  • Table 77. Market assessment for nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global medicine and healthcare OEMs.   266
  • Table 78. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in biomedical and healthcare, 2018-2035(tons).   273
  • Table 79. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the biomedicine & healthcare market, 2018-2035(millions USD).      274
  • Table 80. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the biomedicine & healthcare market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      276
  • Table 81. Nanocellulose product developers in medicine and healthcare.       278
  • Table 82. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in hygiene and absorbents, 2018-2035(tons).          281
  • Table 83. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the hygiene & sanitary market, 2018-2035(millions USD).    282
  • Table 84. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the hygiene & sanitary market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      284
  • Table 85. Cellulose nanofibers product developers in hygiene and sanitary products.               286
  • Table 86. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paints and coatings OEMs.              287
  • Table 87. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in paint and coatings, 2018-2035(tons).     290
  • Table 88. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paints & coatings market, 2018-2035(millions USD).    292
  • Table 89. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paints & coatings market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      293
  • Table 90. Companies developing nanocellulose products in paints and coatings, applications targeted and stage of commercialization. 295
  • Table 91. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global aerogels OEMs.               297
  • Table 92. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels, 2018-2035(tons).          299
  • Table 93. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the aerogels market, 2018-2035(millions USD).                300
  • Table 94. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the aerogels market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).                302
  • Table 95. Nanocellulose in product developers in aerogels.     304
  • Table 96. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in oil and gas-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global oil and gas OEMs. 305
  • Table 97. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the oil and gas market, 2018-2035(tons).              308
  • Table 98. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the oil & gas market, 2018-2035(millions USD).                309
  • Table 99. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the oil & gas market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).                311
  • Table 100. Cellulose nanofibers product developers in oil and gas exploration.            313
  • Table 101. CNF membranes.    315
  • Table 102. Market assessment for Cellulose nanofibers in filtration-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global filtration OEMs.               315
  • Table 103. Global demand for Cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, 2018-2035(tons).              319
  • Table 104. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, 2018-2035(millions USD).                320
  • Table 105. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).                322
  • Table 106. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in filtration.               324
  • Table 107. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global rheology modifier OEMs.  325
  • Table 108. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2035(tons).          329
  • Table 109. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2035(millions USD).      331
  • Table 110. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      332
  • Table 111. Commercial activity in cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers.               334
  • Table 112. Properties of flexible electronics‐cellulose nanofiber film (nanopaper).     336
  • Table 113. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in printed, stretchable and flexible electronics-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global printed, flexible and stretchable electronics OEMs. 337
  • Table 114. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in printed, stretchable and flexible electronics.                339
  • Table 115. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in 3D priniting-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global 3D printing OEMs.          341
  • Table 116. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers 3D printing products.               343
  • Table 117. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in aerospace-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading.     344
  • Table 118: Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in aircraft and aerospace.  345
  • Table 119. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in Batteries-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks.        346
  • Table 120: Granbio Nanocellulose Processes. 393
  • Table 121. Nippon Paper commercial CNF products.  435
  • Table 122. Oji Holdings CNF products.                445
  • Table 123. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC).          495
  • Table 124. CNC sources, size and yield.             496
  • Table 125. CNC properties.       497
  • Table 126. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials.              497
  • Table 127. Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanocrystal producers.        498
  • Table 128: Cellulose nanocrystal capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tons.     501
  • Table 129. Markets and applications of cellulose nanocrystals.            501
  • Table 130. Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2035(metric tons).      502
  • Table 131. Overview of CNC producers.             505
  • Table 132: Product/price/application matrix of bacterial nanocellulose producers.    540
  • Table 133. Applications of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC).        542
  • Table 134. Fibnano properties.                552

 

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Schematic diagram of partial molecular structure of cellulose chain with numbering for carbon atoms and n= number of cellobiose repeating unit.    40
  • Figure 2. Scale of cellulose materials. 40
  • Figure 3. Organization and morphology of cellulose synthesizing terminal complexes (TCs) in different organisms.        44
  • Figure 4. Biosynthesis of (a) wood cellulose (b) tunicate cellulose and (c) BC.                45
  • Figure 5. Cellulose microfibrils and nanofibrils.             47
  • Figure 6. SEM image of microfibrillated cellulose.        47
  • Figure 7. Cotton production volume 2018-2035(Million MT).    50
  • Figure 8. Kapok production volume 2018-2035(MT).    51
  • Figure 9.  Luffa cylindrica fiber.               52
  • Figure 10. Jute production volume 2018-2035(Million MT).       54
  • Figure 11. Hemp fiber production volume 2018-2035(MT).       56
  • Figure 12. Flax fiber production volume 2018-2035(MT).            58
  • Figure 13. Ramie fiber production volume 2018-2035(MT).       60
  • Figure 14. Kenaf fiber production volume 2018-2035(MT).        61
  • Figure 15. Sisal fiber production volume 2018-2035(MT).          63
  • Figure 16. Abaca fiber production volume 2018-2035(MT).       65
  • Figure 17. Coir fiber production volume 2018-2035(million MT).            67
  • Figure 18. Banana fiber production volume 2018-2035(MT).    68
  • Figure 19. Pineapple fiber.         69
  • Figure 20. A bag made with pineapple biomaterial from the H&M Conscious Collection 2019.              70
  • Figure 21. Bamboo fiber production volume 2018-2035(MILLION MT).               74
  • Figure 22. Global market demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC). 2018-2035(tons).        79
  • Figure 23. Global market revenues for Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC). 2018-2035(millions USD).    80
  • Figure 24. Supply chain for the Microfibrillated Cellulose market.        81
  • Figure 25. SWOT analysis: Microfibrillated Cellulose market. 84
  • Figure 26. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in paper and packaging, 2018-2035(tons).    90
  • Figure 27. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in paper and packaging, 2018-2035(millions USD).  91
  • Figure 28. Revenues for cellulose microfibers (Microfibrillated Cellulose) in paper and packaging, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).         93
  • Figure 29. Global demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose in textiles, 2018-2035(tons). 95
  • Figure 30. Global revenues for Microfibrillated Cellulose in textiles, 2018-2035(millions USD).            97
  • Figure 31. Revenues for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in textiles, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      98
  • Figure 32. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in personal care, 2018-2035(tons).             101
  • Figure 33. Global revenues for cellulose nanofibers in personal care, 2018-2035(millions USD).         102
  • Figure 34. Revenues for Microfibrillated Cellulose in personal care, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).       104
  • Figure 35. Global demand for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings, 2018-2035(tons).        107
  • Figure 36. Global revenues for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings, 2018-2035(millions USD).      108
  • Figure 37. Revenues for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      110
  • Figure 38. Pressurized Hot Water Extraction.   119
  • Figure 39. Celish.           123
  • Figure 40. BELLOCEA™ 124
  • Figure 41. Photograph (a) and micrograph (b) of mineral/ MFC composite showing the high viscosity and fibrillar structure.           128
  • Figure 42. Water-repellent cellulose.   129
  • Figure 43. HeiQ AeoniQ .            131
  • Figure 44. BioFlex process.       141
  • Figure 45. A vacuum cleaner part made of cellulose fiber (left) and the assembled vacuum cleaner. 148
  • Figure 46: Innventia AB movable nanocellulose demo plant.   151
  • Figure 47. 3D printed cellulose shoe.   154
  • Figure 48. Lyocell process.        155
  • Figure 49. Thales packaging incorporating Fibrease.    158
  • Figure 50. HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test.               163
  • Figure 51. Worn Again products.             165
  • Figure 52. Nanocellulose preparation methods and resulting materials.           170
  • Figure 53. Production of nanocellulose from lignocellulosic biomass using enzymatic treatment (endoglucanases and xylanases) followed by mechanical treatment. 177
  • Figure 54. EBI pretreatment combined with HPH for CNC production.               179
  • Figure 55. SWOT analysis: Cellulose nanofibers market.           182
  • Figure 56. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers/MFC in metric tons by market, 2018-2035.             183
  • Figure 57. Aruba 23.      187
  • Figure 58. Dorayaki.      188
  • Figure 59. ENASAVE NEXT.        188
  • Figure 60. Flat4-KAEDE.              189
  • Figure 61. GEL-KAYANO™.         189
  • Figure 62. Hada care acty®.      190
  • Figure 63. Hiteeth All in One Mouth Gel.             190
  • Figure 64. HYPERNANO X series.           190
  • Figure 65. Kirekira! toilet wipes.              191
  • Figure 66. ONKYO® Scepter SC-3(B) 2-way Speaker System.  191
  • Figure 67. Pioneer® SE-MONITOR5 Headphones.          191
  • Figure 68. "Poise" series Super strong deodorant sheet.            192
  • Figure 69. RUBURI Precursor Lubris for raw concrete pumping.             192
  • Figure 70. SC-3 (B) speakers.   193
  • Figure 71. SE-MONITOR5 headphones.              193
  • Figure 72. "Skin Care Acty" series Adult diapers.            193
  • Figure 73. Spingle Company sneakers.                193
  • Figure 74. "SURISURI" Lotion. 194
  • Figure 75. X9400 series.              194
  • Figure 76. X Premium Sound Speaker Alps Alpine.        195
  • Figure 77. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in composites.              204
  • Figure 78. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in composites, 2018-2035(metric tons).  207
  • Figure 79. Revenues for cellulose nanofibers in composites, 2018-2035(millions USD).           208
  • Figure 80. Revenues for cellulose nanofibers in composites, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).     210
  • Figure 81. CNF mixed PLA (Poly Lactic Acid).   211
  • Figure 82. CNF resin products.                212
  • Figure 83. Interior of NCV concept car.               213
  • Figure 84. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in automotive.               216
  • Figure 85. Interior of the NCV prototype.            217
  • Figure 86. Global market demand for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive sector, 2018-2035(metric tons).                224
  • Figure 87. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive sector, 2018-2035(millions USD).                225
  • Figure 88. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the automotive sector, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).    227
  • Figure 89: Daio Paper's cellulose nanofiber material in doors and hood of race car.    228
  • Figure 90: CNF composite.        229
  • Figure 91: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins.   229
  • Figure 92. CNF car engine cover developed in Japan Ministry of the Environment’s (MOE) Nano Cellulose Vehicle (NCV) Project. 230
  • Figure 93. Comparison of nanofillers with supplementary cementitious materials and aggregates in concrete.                231
  • Figure 94. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in building and construction. 234
  • Figure 95. Demand for cellulose nanofibers in construction, 2018-2035(tons).              237
  • Figure 96. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in building and construction, 2018-2035(millions USD).    238
  • Figure 97. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in building and construction, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).    240
  • Figure 98. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in paper and board packaging.              248
  • Figure 99. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the paper & board/packaging market, 2018-2035(tons).                250
  • Figure 100. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paper & board/packaging market, 2018-2035(millions USD).      252
  • Figure 101. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paper & board/packaging market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      254
  • Figure 102. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in textiles and apparel.           260
  • Figure 103. Asics GEL-KAYANO™ 25 running shoe.        260
  • Figure 104. Demand for cellulose nanofibers in the textiles sector, 2018-2035(tons). 261
  • Figure 105. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the textiles & apparel market, 2018-2035(millions USD).    263
  • Figure 106. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the textiles & apparel market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      265
  • Figure 107. CNF deodorant products.  265
  • Figure 108. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in medicine and healthcare. 271
  • Figure 109. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in biomedical and healthcare, 2018-2035(tons).               274
  • Figure 110. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the biomedicine & healthcare market, 2018-2035(millions USD).      275
  • Figure 111. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the biomedicine & healthcare market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      277
  • Figure 112. Fibnano.     279
  • Figure 113. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in hygiene and absorbents, 2018-2035(tons).     282
  • Figure 114. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the hygiene & sanitary market, 2018-2035(millions USD).      284
  • Figure 115. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the hygiene and sanitary products market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).         285
  • Figure 116. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings.           290
  • Figure 117. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in paint and coatings, 2018-2035(tons). 291
  • Figure 118. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paints & coatings market, 2018-2035(millions USD).    293
  • Figure 119. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the paints & coatings market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      294
  • Figure 120. Hefcel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test.             296
  • Figure 121: Global demand for nanocellulose in in aerogels, 2018-2035(tons).              300
  • Figure 122. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the aerogels market, 2018-2035(millions USD).                301
  • Figure 123. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the aerogelsmarket, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).                303
  • Figure 124. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the oil and gas market, 2018-2035(tons).         309
  • Figure 125. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in oil & gas market, 2018-2035(millions USD).  310
  • Figure 126. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the oil & gas market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).                312
  • Figure 127. Nanocellulose sponge developed by EMPA for potential applications in oil recovery.        313
  • Figure 128. Applications of Cellulose nanofibers in filtration. 318
  • Figure 129. Global demand for Cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, 2018-2035(tons).             320
  • Figure 130. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, 2018-2035(millions USD).                321
  • Figure 131. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the filtration packaging market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      323
  • Figure 132. Multi-layered cross section of CNF-nw.     324
  • Figure 133. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers.             327
  • Figure 134. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2035(tons).        330
  • Figure 135. Global market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2035(millions USD).      332
  • Figure 136. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the rheology modifiers market, by region, 2018-2035(millions USD).      333
  • Figure 137. "SURISURI" products.         335
  • Figure 138. Foldable nanopaper antenna.         337
  • Figure 139: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF.       339
  • Figure 140. Oji CNF transparent sheets.             339
  • Figure 141. Electronic components using NFC as insulating materials.             340
  • Figure 142: Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel.           348
  • Figure 143. MEDICELLU™.          349
  • Figure 144: Ashai Kasei CNF production process.         351
  • Figure 145: Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet.         351
  • Figure 146: Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric.    352
  • Figure 147. CNF nonwoven fabric.         353
  • Figure 148. Celfion membrane.              358
  • Figure 149. nanoforest products.           364
  • Figure 150. Chuetsu Pulp & Paper CNF production process.    365
  • Figure 151. nanoforest-S.          366
  • Figure 152. nanoforest-PDP.    366
  • Figure 153. nanoforest-MB.      367
  • Figure 154: Trunk lid incorporating CNF.            369
  • Figure 155. Daio Paper CNF production process.           371
  • Figure 156. ELLEX products.     373
  • Figure 157. CNF-reinforced PP compounds.    373
  • Figure 158. Kirekira! toilet wipes.           373
  • Figure 159. Color CNF. 375
  • Figure 160. DIC Products CNF production process.      377
  • Figure 161. DKS Co. Ltd. CNF production process.       379
  • Figure 162: Rheocrysta spray.  380
  • Figure 163. DKS CNF products.               381
  • Figure 164: CNF based on citrus peel. 382
  • Figure 165. Citrus cellulose nanofiber.               383
  • Figure 166. Filler Bank CNC products. 385
  • Figure 167. GREEN CHIP CMF pellets and injection moulded products.             387
  • Figure 168: Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE).        388
  • Figure 169: CNF products from Furukawa Electric.      390
  • Figure 170. Granbio CNF production process. 394
  • Figure 171: Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials.          398
  • Figure 172. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer).    401
  • Figure 173: CNF gel.      402
  • Figure 174: Block nanocellulose material.        403
  • Figure 175: CNF products developed by Hokuetsu.      404
  • Figure 176. Kami Shoji CNF products. 407
  • Figure 177. Dual Graft System.               409
  • Figure 178: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins. 410
  • Figure 179. Acrylic resin blended with modified CNF (fluid) and its molded product (transparent film), and image obtained with AFM (CNF 10wt% blended).         410
  • Figure 180: 0.3% aqueous dispersion of sulfated esterified CNF and dried transparent film (front side).           412
  • Figure 181. CNF deodorant.      413
  • Figure 182. Chitin nanofiber product.   414
  • Figure 183. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products.      416
  • Figure 184. FibriMa cellulose nanofiber powder.            418
  • Figure 185. Cellulomix production process.     419
  • Figure 186. Nanobase versus conventional products. 420
  • Figure 187. Uni-ball Signo UMN-307.   421
  • Figure 188: CNF slurries.            422
  • Figure 189. Range of CNF products.      423
  • Figure 190: Nanocell serum product.   426
  • Figure 191. Vatensel® product 427
  • Figure 192: Hydrophobization facilities for raw pulp.   429
  • Figure 193: Mixing facilities for CNF-reinforced plastic.             429
  • Figure 194. Nippon Paper CNF production process.     432
  • Figure 195: Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers.     435
  • Figure 196. All-resin forceps incorporating CNF.            437
  • Figure 197. CNF paint product.                439
  • Figure 198. CNF wet powder.   440
  • Figure 199. CNF transparent film.          440
  • Figure 200. Transparent CNF sheets.   441
  • Figure 201. Oji Paper CNF production process.              442
  • Figure 202. CNF clear sheets.  444
  • Figure 203. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product. 447
  • Figure 204. Fluorene cellulose ® powder.           448
  • Figure 205. Performance Biofilaments CNF production process.          449
  • Figure 206. XCNF.          452
  • Figure 207. CNF insulation flat plates. 453
  • Figure 208. Seiko PMC CNF production process.           456
  • Figure 209. Manufacturing process for STARCEL.          457
  • Figure 210. Rubber soles incorporating CNF.   459
  • Figure 211. CNF dispersion and powder from Starlite. 461
  • Figure 212. Sugino Machine CNF production process. 462
  • Figure 213. High Pressure Water Jet Process.  462
  • Figure 214. 2 wt.％ CNF suspension.   463
  • Figure 215. BiNFi-s Dry Powder.             463
  • Figure 216. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet.   464
  • Figure 217. Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material. 464
  • Figure 218. SVILOSA AD CNC products.             466
  • Figure 219. Silver / CNF composite dispersions.            472
  • Figure 220. CNF/nanosilver powder.    472
  • Figure 221: Comparison of weight reduction effect using CNF.              474
  • Figure 222: CNF resin products.             477
  • Figure 223. University of Maine CNF production process.          479
  • Figure 224. UPM-Kymmene CNF production process. 481
  • Figure 225. FibDex® wound dressing.   482
  • Figure 226. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process. 484
  • Figure 227: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF.       485
  • Figure 228. S-CNF in powder form.       489
  • Figure 229. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals.         494
  • Figure 230. CNC preparation.  495
  • Figure 231. Extracting CNC from trees.               496
  • Figure 232. SWOT analysis: Cellulose nanocrystals market.    500
  • Figure 233. CNC slurry.               500
  • Figure 234. Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2035(metric tons).    504
  • Figure 235. R3TM process technology. 509
  • Figure 236. Blue Goose CNC Production Process.        510
  • Figure 237: Celluforce production process.      515
  • Figure 238: NCCTM Process.    516
  • Figure 239: CNC produced at Tech Futures’ pilot plant; cloudy suspension (1 wt.%), gel-like (10 wt.%), flake-like crystals, and very fine powder. Product advantages include:   516
  • Figure 240. Filler Bank CNC products. 517
  • Figure 241. Melodea CNC barrier coating packaging.  523
  • Figure 242. Plantrose process. 526
  • Figure 243. CNC solution.          530
  • Figure 244. University of Maine CNF production process.          532
  • Figure 245. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process. 534
  • Figure 246. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes     539
  • Figure 247. SWOT analysis: Bacterial Nanocellulose market. 541
  • Figure 248. Jelly-like seaweed-based nanocellulose hydrogel.               543
  • Figure 249. Cellugy materials. 550
  • Figure 250: Bacterial cellulose face mask sheet.           551
  • Figure 251. TransLeather.          554

 

 

 

The Global Market for Micro- and Nanocellulose 2024-2035
The Global Market for Micro- and Nanocellulose 2024-2035
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