Published July 2023 | 374 pages, 152 tables, 90 figures | Download table of contents
The global market of carbon nanotubes is generally segmented by Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT), Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT) and others (DWCNT, FWCNT). MWCNTs comprise the biggest share in terms of sales volumes, and production capacities, and MWCNT powders, arrays, sheets, flakes, films and yarns have found applications in consumer electronics, power cables, ESD resins, batteries, polymer composites, coatings, aerospace, sensors, heaters, filters and biomedicine. MWCNTs are mainly used as substitute additives of carbon black in conductive plastics and composites applications and as additives in lithium-ion battery electrodes.
The global MWCNTs market has experienced renewed growth recently, driven by demand for conductive materials for lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles and other energy storage applications, with many producers greatly increasing production capacities.
Most of the main producers are targeting their materials as conductive additives for the batteries market. Companies such as LG Chem and Cabot Corporation have expansion plans targeting the electric vehicle lithium-ion battery market, with LG planning to increase annual capacity to 6,100 tons by 2024. Cabot Corporation has plans to produce 15,000 metric tons/year of conductive carbon additives (CCA) including conductive carbons, carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon nanostructures (CNS), and blends of CCAs by 2025. JEIO also recently completed construction of a CNT facility with annual capacity of 1,000 tons per annum (up from 120 tons), which will increase to 6,000 tons by 2023. The company also has plans to produce SWCNTs in 2023.
Report contents include:
- Market drivers, trends and recent industry news.
- Materials and technology analysis.
- MWCNT Production and patent analysis.
- MWCNT current pricing.
- Analysis of end user markets for MWCNTs including:
- Batteries.
- Supercapacitors.
- Polymer additives and elastomers.
- Additive manufacturing.
- Adhesives.
- Aerospace.
- Electronics.
- Rubber.
- Automotive.
- Conductive inks.
- Building & construction.
- Filtration.
- Fuel cells.
- Biomedical & healthcare.
- Lubricants.
- Oil & gas.
- Paints & coatings.
- Photovoltaics.
- Sensors.
- Smart apparel & E-textiles.
- Thermal interface materials.
- Power cables.
- Profiles of 139 companies. Companies profiled include Canatu, Cabot Corporation, Dexmat, LG Chem, Mechnano, Nanomatics Pte. Ltd., NanoRial Technologies Ltd., and Toyocolor.
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 21
- 1.1 The global market for Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) 22
- 1.1.1 Applications 24
- 1.1.2 Main market players 28
- 1.1.3 MWCNT production capacities, current (2023) and planned 28
- 1.1.4 Market demand, metric tons (MT) 29
- 1.2 Market developments 2022-2023 32
- 1.3 Market outlook 2023 and beyond 33
- 1.4 Commercial CNT-based products 33
- 1.5 Carbon nanotubes market challenges 33
2 OVERVIEW OF CARBON NANOTUBES 36
- 2.1 Properties 36
- 2.2 Comparative properties of CNTs 38
- 2.3 Carbon nanotube materials 39
- 2.3.1 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNT) 39
- 2.3.1.1 Properties 39
- 2.3.1.2 Applications 39
- 2.3.2 Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) 40
- 2.3.2.1 Properties 40
- 2.3.2.2 Applications 41
- 2.3.2.3 Comparison between MWCNTs and SWCNTs 43
- 2.3.3 Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) 44
- 2.3.3.1 Properties 44
- 2.3.3.2 Applications 44
- 2.3.4 Vertically aligned CNTs (VACNTs) 45
- 2.3.4.1 Properties 45
- 2.3.4.2 Synthesis of VACNTs 45
- 2.3.4.3 Applications 46
- 2.3.5 Few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWNTs) 47
- 2.3.5.1 Properties 47
- 2.3.5.2 Applications 47
- 2.3.6 Carbon Nanohorns (CNHs) 48
- 2.3.6.1 Properties 48
- 2.3.6.2 Applications 48
- 2.3.7 Carbon Onions 48
- 2.3.7.1 Properties 48
- 2.3.7.2 Applications 49
- 2.3.8 Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) 50
- 2.3.8.1 Properties 50
- 2.3.8.2 Applications 51
- 2.3.1 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNT) 39
- 2.4 Intermediate products 52
- 2.4.1 CNT yarns 52
- 2.4.2 CNT films 52
3 CARBON NANOTUBE SYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTION 54
- 3.1 Arc discharge synthesis 56
- 3.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) 56
- 3.2.1 Thermal CVD 57
- 3.2.2 Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) 57
- 3.3 High-pressure carbon monoxide synthesis 58
- 3.3.1 High Pressure CO (HiPco) 58
- 3.3.2 CoMoCAT 58
- 3.4 Flame synthesis 58
- 3.5 Laser ablation synthesis 59
- 3.6 Vertically aligned nanotubes production 59
- 3.7 Silane solution method 60
- 3.8 By-products from carbon capture 60
- 3.8.1 CO2 derived products via electrochemical conversion 60
- 3.8.2 Carbon separation technologies 63
- 3.8.2.1 Absorption capture 65
- 3.8.2.2 Adsorption capture 69
- 3.8.2.3 Membranes 71
- 3.8.3 Producers 73
- 3.9 Advantages and disadvantages of CNT synthesis methods 74
4 MWCNT PATENTS 75
5 MWCNT PRICING 76
6 MARKETS FOR MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES 77
- 6.1 ENERGY STORAGE: BATTERIES 77
- 6.1.1 Market overview 77
- 6.1.2 Applications 80
- 6.1.2.1 CNTs in Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries 82
- 6.1.2.2 CNTs in Nanomaterials in Sodium-ion batteries 82
- 6.1.2.3 CNTs in Nanomaterials in Lithium-air batteries 83
- 6.1.2.4 CNTs in Flexible and stretchable batteries 84
- 6.1.3 Market opportunity 89
- 6.1.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 89
- 6.1.5 Product developers 90
- 6.2 ENERGY STORAGE: SUPERCAPACITORS 93
- 6.2.1 Market overview 93
- 6.2.2 Applications 95
- 6.2.2.1 CNTs in Flexible and stretchable supercapacitors 96
- 6.2.3 Market opportunity 97
- 6.2.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 97
- 6.2.5 Product developers 99
- 6.3 POLYMER ADDITIVES AND ELASTOMERS 100
- 6.3.1 Market overview 100
- 6.3.2 Fiber-based polymer composite parts 100
- 6.3.2.1 Market opportunity 103
- 6.3.2.2 Applications 104
- 6.3.3 Metal-matrix composites 105
- 6.3.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 106
- 6.3.5 Product developers 107
- 6.4 ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 110
- 6.4.1 Market overview 110
- 6.4.2 Applications 111
- 6.4.3 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 112
- 6.4.4 Product developers 114
- 6.5 ADHESIVES 115
- 6.5.1 Market overview 115
- 6.5.2 Applications 115
- 6.5.3 Market opportunity 117
- 6.5.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 117
- 6.5.5 Product developers 119
- 6.6 AEROSPACE 120
- 6.6.1 Market overview 120
- 6.6.2 Applications 122
- 6.6.3 Market opportunity 123
- 6.6.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 123
- 6.6.5 Product developers 125
- 6.7 ELECTRONICS 127
- 6.7.1 WEARABLE & FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS AND DISPLAYS 127
- 6.7.1.1 Market overview 127
- 6.7.1.2 Market opportunity 130
- 6.7.1.3 Applications 130
- 6.7.1.4 Global market, historical and forecast to 2033 131
- 6.7.1.5 Product developers 133
- 6.7.2 TRANSISTORS AND INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 134
- 6.7.2.1 Market overview 134
- 6.7.2.2 Applications 136
- 6.7.2.3 Market opportunity 137
- 6.7.2.4 Global market, historical and forecast to 2033 138
- 6.7.2.5 Product developers 139
- 6.7.3 MEMORY DEVICES 141
- 6.7.3.1 Market overview 141
- 6.7.3.2 Market opportunity 143
- 6.7.3.3 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 143
- 6.7.3.4 Product developers 145
- 6.7.1 WEARABLE & FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS AND DISPLAYS 127
- 6.8 RUBBER AND TIRES 146
- 6.8.1 Market overview 146
- 6.8.2 Applications 148
- 6.8.3 Market opportunity 148
- 6.8.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 149
- 6.8.5 Product developers 150
- 6.9 AUTOMOTIVE 152
- 6.9.1 Market overview 152
- 6.9.2 Applications 155
- 6.9.3 Market opportunity 156
- 6.9.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 156
- 6.9.5 Product developers 157
- 6.10 CONDUCTIVE INKS 160
- 6.10.1 Market overview 160
- 6.10.2 Applications 162
- 6.10.3 Market opportunity 163
- 6.10.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 163
- 6.10.5 Product developers 164
- 6.11 BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION 166
- 6.11.1 Market overview 166
- 6.11.2 Market opportunity 167
- 6.11.2.1 Cement 168
- 6.11.2.2 Asphalt bitumen 169
- 6.11.3 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 170
- 6.11.4 Product developers 171
- 6.12 FILTRATION 172
- 6.12.1 Market overview 172
- 6.12.2 Applications 176
- 6.12.3 Market opportunity 176
- 6.12.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 177
- 6.12.5 Product developers 178
- 6.13 FUEL CELLS 180
- 6.13.1 Market overview 180
- 6.13.2 Applications 183
- 6.13.3 Market opportunity 183
- 6.13.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 184
- 6.13.5 Product developers 185
- 6.14 LIFE SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 186
- 6.14.1 Market overview 186
- 6.14.2 Applications 190
- 6.14.3 Market opportunity 192
- 6.14.3.1 Drug delivery 192
- 6.14.3.2 Imaging and diagnostics 193
- 6.14.3.3 Implants 193
- 6.14.3.4 Medical biosensors 194
- 6.14.3.5 Woundcare 194
- 6.14.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 195
- 6.14.5 Product developers 196
- 6.15 LUBRICANTS 199
- 6.15.1 Market overview 199
- 6.15.2 Applications 201
- 6.15.3 Market opportunity 202
- 6.15.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 202
- 6.15.5 Product developers 203
- 6.16 OIL AND GAS 205
- 6.16.1 Market overview 205
- 6.16.2 Applications 207
- 6.16.3 Market opportunity 207
- 6.16.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 208
- 6.16.5 Product developers 209
- 6.17 PAINTS AND COATINGS 210
- 6.17.1 Market overview 210
- 6.17.2 Applications 217
- 6.17.3 Market opportunity 217
- 6.17.3.1 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 218
- 6.17.4 Product developers 219
- 6.18 PHOTOVOLTAICS 221
- 6.18.1 Market overview 223
- 6.18.2 Market opportunity 223
- 6.18.3 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 224
- 6.18.4 Product developers 225
- 6.19 SENSORS 225
- 6.19.1 Market overview 225
- 6.19.2 Applications 228
- 6.19.3 Market opportunity 229
- 6.19.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 229
- 6.19.5 Product developers 230
- 6.20 SMART AND ELECTRONIC TEXTILES 232
- 6.20.1 Market overview 232
- 6.20.2 Applications 235
- 6.20.3 Market opportunity 236
- 6.20.4 Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2033 236
- 6.20.5 Product developers 238
- 6.21 THERMAL INTERFACE MATERIALS 239
- 6.21.1 Market overview 239
- 6.21.2 Applications 242
- 6.21.2.1 MWCNTs 242
- 6.21.2.2 SWCNTS 242
- 6.21.2.3 Vertically aligned CNTs (VACNTs) 243
- 6.21.2.4 Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) 243
- 6.22 POWER CABLES 245
- 6.22.1 Market overview 245
7 COMPANY PROFILES 246 (139 company profiles)
8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 355
9 REFERENCES 356
List of Tables
- Table 1. Market summary for carbon nanotubes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 21
- Table 2. Applications of MWCNTs. 24
- Table 3. Annual production capacity of the key MWCNT producers in 2023 (MT). 28
- Table 4. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes market developments and news 2022-2023. 32
- Table 5. Carbon nanotubes market challenges. 34
- Table 6. Typical properties of SWCNT and MWCNT. 36
- Table 7. Properties of carbon nanotubes. 37
- Table 8. Properties of CNTs and comparable materials. 38
- Table 9. Markets, benefits and applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. 41
- Table 10. Comparison between single-walled carbon nanotubes and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. 43
- Table 11. Comparative properties of BNNTs and CNTs. 50
- Table 12. Applications of BNNTs. 51
- Table 13. Comparison of well-established approaches for CNT synthesis. 54
- Table 14. SWCNT synthesis methods. 55
- Table 15. CO2 derived products via electrochemical conversion-applications, advantages and disadvantages. 61
- Table 16. Main capture processes and their separation technologies. 63
- Table 17. Absorption methods for CO2 capture overview. 65
- Table 18. Commercially available physical solvents used in CO2 absorption. 67
- Table 19. Adsorption methods for CO2 capture overview. 69
- Table 20. Membrane-based methods for CO2 capture overview. 71
- Table 21. Advantages and disadvantages of CNT synthesis methods 74
- Table 22. Example MWCNTs and BNNTs pricing, by producer. 76
- Table 23. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in batteries. 77
- Table 24. Market analysis for carbon nanotubes in batteries. 79
- Table 25. Applications of carbon nanotubes in batteries. 80
- Table 26. Applications in sodium-ion batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 83
- Table 27. Market scorecard for carbon nanotubes in batteries. 89
- Table 28. Estimated demand for carbon nanotubes in batteries (tons), 2018-2033. 89
- Table 29. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for batteries. 90
- Table 30. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in supercapacitors. 93
- Table 31. Market analysis for carbon nanotubes in supercapacitors. 94
- Table 32. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in supercapacitors. 97
- Table 33. Demand for carbon nanotubes in supercapacitors (tons), 2018-2033. 97
- Table 34. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for supercapacitors. 99
- Table 35. Market analysis for carbon nanotubes in polymer additives & elastomers. 100
- Table 36. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in fiber-based composite additives. 100
- Table 37. Scorecard for carbon nanotubes in fiber-based polymer composite additives. 103
- Table 38. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in metal matrix composite additives. 105
- Table 39. Global market for carbon nanotubes in polymer additives and elastomers 2018-2033, tons. 106
- Table 40. Product developers in carbon nanotubes in polymer additives and elastomers. 107
- Table 41. Market analysis for carbon nanotubes in additive manufacturing. 110
- Table 42. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in additive manufacturing. 111
- Table 43. Demand for carbon nanotubes in additive manufacturing (tons), 2018-2033. 112
- Table 44. Product developers in carbon nanotubes in additive manufacturing. 114
- Table 45. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in adhesives. 115
- Table 46. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in adhesives. 115
- Table 47. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in adhesives. 117
- Table 48. Demand for carbon nanotubes in adhesives (tons), 2018-2033. 117
- Table 49. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for adhesives. 119
- Table 50. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in aerospace. 120
- Table 51. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in aerospace. 121
- Table 52. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in aerospace. 123
- Table 53. Demand for carbon nanotubes in aerospace (tons), 2018-2033. 123
- Table 54. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for aerospace. 125
- Table 55. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in wearable & flexible electronics and displays. 127
- Table 56. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in wearable electronics and displays. 129
- Table 57. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in wearable electronics and displays. 130
- Table 58. Comparison of ITO replacements. 131
- Table 59. Demand for carbon nanotubes in wearable electronics and displays, 2018-2033. 131
- Table 60. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for electronics. 133
- Table 61. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in transistors and integrated circuits. 134
- Table 62. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in transistors and integrated circuits. 136
- Table 63. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in transistors and integrated circuits. 137
- Table 64. Demand for carbon nanotubes in transistors and integrated circuits, 2018-2033. 138
- Table 65. Product developers in carbon nanotubes in transistors and integrated circuits. 139
- Table 66. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in memory devices. 141
- Table 67. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in memory devices. 142
- Table 68. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in memory devices. 143
- Table 69. Demand for carbon nanotubes in memory devices, 2018-2033. 143
- Table 70. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for memory devices. 145
- Table 71. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in rubber and tires. 146
- Table 72. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in rubber and tires. 147
- Table 73. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in rubber and tires. 148
- Table 74. Demand for carbon nanotubes in rubber and tires (tons), 2018-2033. 149
- Table 75. Product developers in carbon nanotubes in rubber and tires. 150
- Table 76. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in automotive. 152
- Table 77. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in automotive. 154
- Table 78. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in automotive. 156
- Table 79. Demand for carbon nanotubes in automotive (tons), 2018-2033 156
- Table 80. Product developers in carbon nanotubes in the automotive market. 157
- Table 81. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in conductive inks. 160
- Table 82. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in conductive inks. 161
- Table 83. Comparative properties of conductive inks. 162
- Table 84. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in conductive inks. 163
- Table 85. Demand for carbon nanotubes in conductive ink (tons), 2018-2027. 163
- Table 86. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for conductive inks. 164
- Table 87. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in buildings and construction. 167
- Table 88. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in buildings in construction. 167
- Table 89. Carbon nanotubes for cement. 168
- Table 90. Carbon nanotubes for asphalt bitumen. 169
- Table 91. Demand for carbon nanotubes in construction (tons), 2018-2033. 170
- Table 92. Carbon nanotubes product developers in buildings and construction. 171
- Table 93. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in filtration. 172
- Table 94. Comparison of CNT membranes with other membrane technologies 174
- Table 95. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in filtration. 175
- Table 96. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in filtration. 176
- Table 97. Demand for carbon nanotubes in filtration (tons), 2018-2033. 177
- Table 98. Carbon nanotubes companies in filtration. 178
- Table 99. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in fuel cells. 180
- Table 100. Electrical conductivity of different catalyst supports compared to carbon nanotubes. 182
- Table 101. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in fuel cells. 182
- Table 102. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in fuel cells. 183
- Table 103. Demand for carbon nanotubes in fuel cells (tons), 2018-2033. 184
- Table 104. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for fuel cells. 185
- Table 105. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in life sciences and medicine. 186
- Table 106. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in life sciences and medicine. 190
- Table 107. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in drug delivery. 192
- Table 108. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in imaging and diagnostics. 193
- Table 109. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in medical implants. 193
- Table 110. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in medical biosensors. 194
- Table 111. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in woundcare. 194
- Table 112. Demand for carbon nanotubes in life sciences and medical (tons), 2018-2033. 195
- Table 113. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for life sciences and biomedicine. 196
- Table 114. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in lubricants. 199
- Table 115. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in lubricants. 199
- Table 116. Nanomaterial lubricant products. 200
- Table 117. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in lubricants. 202
- Table 118. Demand for carbon nanotubes in lubricants (tons), 2018-2033. 202
- Table 119. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for lubricants. 203
- Table 120. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in oil and gas. 205
- Table 121. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in oil and gas. 206
- Table 122. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in oil and gas. 207
- Table 123. Demand for carbon nanotubes in oil and gas (tons), 2018-2033. 208
- Table 124. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for oil and gas. 209
- Table 125. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in paints and coatings. 210
- Table 126. Markets for carbon nanotube coatings. 214
- Table 127. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in paints and coatings. 216
- Table 128. Scorecard for carbon nanotubes in paints and coatings. 217
- Table 129. Demand for carbon nanotubes in paints and coatings (tons), 2018-2033. 218
- Table 130. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for paints and coatings. 219
- Table 131. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in photovoltaics. 221
- Table 132. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in photovoltaics. 223
- Table 133. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in photovoltaics. 223
- Table 134. Demand for carbon nanotubes in photovoltaics (tons), 2018-2033. 224
- Table 135. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for solar. 225
- Table 136. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in sensors. 226
- Table 137. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in sensors. 228
- Table 138. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in sensors. 229
- Table 139. Demand for carbon nanotubes in sensors (tons), 2018-2033. 229
- Table 140. Product developers in carbon nanotubes for sensors. 230
- Table 141. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in smart and electronic textiles. 232
- Table 142. Desirable functional properties for the textiles industry afforded by the use of nanomaterials. 234
- Table 143. Market overview for carbon nanotubes in smart and electronic textiles. 235
- Table 144. Applications of carbon nanotubes in smart and electronic textiles. 235
- Table 145. Market opportunity scorecard for carbon nanotubes in smart textiles and apparel. 236
- Table 146. Demand for carbon nanotubes in smart and electronic textiles. (tons), 2018-2033. 236
- Table 147. Carbon nanotubes product developers in smart and electronic textiles. 238
- Table 148. Thermal conductivities (κ) of common metallic, carbon, and ceramic fillers employed in TIMs. 241
- Table 149. Thermal conductivity of CNT-based polymer composites. 242
- Table 150. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in thermal interface materials. 243
- Table 151. Market and applications for carbon nanotubes in power cables. 245
- Table 152. Properties of carbon nanotube paper. 341
List of Figures
- Figure 1. Demand for MWCNT by application in 2022. 30
- Figure 2. Market demand for carbon nanotubes by market, 2018-2033 (metric tons). 31
- Figure 3. Schematic diagram of a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). 39
- Figure 4. Schematic of single-walled carbon nanotube. 40
- Figure 5. TIM sheet developed by Zeon Corporation. 41
- Figure 6. Double-walled carbon nanotube bundle cross-section micrograph and model. 44
- Figure 7. Schematic of a vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) membrane used for water treatment. 47
- Figure 8. TEM image of FWNTs. 47
- Figure 9. Schematic representation of carbon nanohorns. 48
- Figure 10. TEM image of carbon onion. 49
- Figure 11. Schematic of Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). Alternating B and N atoms are shown in blue and red. 50
- Figure 12. Process flow chart from CNT thin film formation to device fabrication for solution and dry processes. 53
- Figure 13. Schematic representation of methods used for carbon nanotube synthesis (a) Arc discharge (b) Chemical vapor deposition (c) Laser ablation (d) hydrocarbon flames. 55
- Figure 14. Arc discharge process for CNTs. 56
- Figure 15. Schematic of thermal-CVD method. 57
- Figure 16. Schematic of plasma-CVD method. 57
- Figure 17. CoMoCAT® process. 58
- Figure 18. Schematic for flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes (a) premixed flame (b) counter-flow diffusion flame (c) co-flow diffusion flame (d) inverse diffusion flame. 59
- Figure 19. Schematic of laser ablation synthesis. 59
- Figure 20. Electrochemical CO₂ reduction products. 61
- Figure 21. Amine-based absorption technology. 67
- Figure 22. Pressure swing absorption technology. 71
- Figure 23. Membrane separation technology. 73
- Figure 24. MWCNT patents filed 2007-2023. 75
- Figure 25. Electrochemical performance of nanomaterials in LIBs. 80
- Figure 26. Theoretical energy densities of different rechargeable batteries. 84
- Figure 27. Printed 1.5V battery. 85
- Figure 28. Materials and design structures in flexible lithium ion batteries. 85
- Figure 29. LiBEST flexible battery. 86
- Figure 30. Schematic of the structure of stretchable LIBs. 86
- Figure 31. Carbon nanotubes incorporated into flexible, rechargeable yarn batteries. 87
- Figure 32. Demand for carbon nanomaterials in batteries (tons), 2018-2033. 90
- Figure 33. (A) Schematic overview of a flexible supercapacitor as compared to conventional supercapacitor. 96
- Figure 34. Demand for carbon nanotubes in supercapacitors (tons), 2018-2033. 98
- Figure 35. Nawa's ultracapacitors. 99
- Figure 36. Demand for carbon nanotubes in polymer additives (tons), 2018-2033. 106
- Figure 37. CSCNT Reinforced Prepreg. 107
- Figure 38. Parts 3D printed from Mechnano’s CNT ESD resin. 110
- Figure 39. Demand for carbon nanotubes in additive manufacturing (tons), 2018-2033. 113
- Figure 40. Demand for carbon nanotubes in adhesives (tons), 2018-2033. 118
- Figure 41. Carbon nanotube Composite Overwrap Pressure Vessel (COPV). 121
- Figure 42. Demand for carbon nanotubes in aerospace (tons), 2018-2033. 124
- Figure 43. HeatCoat technology schematic. 125
- Figure 44. Veelo carbon fiber nanotube sheet. 126
- Figure 45. Demand for carbon nanotubes in wearable electronics and displays, 2018-2033. 132
- Figure 46. Demand for carbon nanomaterials in transistors and integrated circuits, 2018-2033. 139
- Figure 47. Thin film transistor incorporating CNTs. 140
- Figure 48. Demand for carbon nanotubes in memory devices, 2018-2033. 144
- Figure 49. Carbon nanotubes NRAM chip. 145
- Figure 50. Strategic Elements’ transparent glass demonstrator. 145
- Figure 51. Demand for carbon nanotubes in rubber and tires (tons), 2018-2033. 150
- Figure 52. Demand for carbon nanotubes in automotive (tons), 2018-2033. 157
- Figure 53. Schematic of CNTs as heat-dissipation sheets. 158
- Figure 54. Demand for carbon nanotubes in conductive ink (tons), 2018-2033. 164
- Figure 55. Nanotube inks 165
- Figure 56. Comparison of nanofillers with supplementary cementitious materials and aggregates in concrete. 166
- Figure 57. Demand for carbon nanotubes in construction (tons), 2018-2033. 171
- Figure 58. Demand for carbon nanotubes in filtration (tons), 2018-2033. 178
- Figure 59. Demand for carbon nanotubes in fuel cells (tons), 2018-2033. 185
- Figure 60. Demand for carbon nanotubes in life sciences and medical (tons), 2018-2033. 196
- Figure 61. CARESTREAM DRX-Revolution Nano Mobile X-ray System. 197
- Figure 62. Demand for carbon nanotubes in lubricants (tons), 2018-2033. 203
- Figure 63. Demand for carbon nanotubes in oil and gas (tons), 2018-2033. 209
- Figure 64. Demand for carbon nanotubes in paints and coatings (tons), 2018-2033. 219
- Figure 65. CSCNT Reinforced Prepreg. 220
- Figure 66. Demand for carbon nanotubes in photovoltaics (tons), 2018-2033. 224
- Figure 67. Suntech/TCNT nanotube frame module 225
- Figure 68. Demand for carbon nanotubes in sensors (tons), 2018-2033. 230
- Figure 69. Demand for carbon nanotubes in smart and electronic textiles (tons), 2018-2033. 237
- Figure 70. (L-R) Surface of a commercial heatsink surface at progressively higher magnifications, showing tool marks that create a rough surface and a need for a thermal interface material. 239
- Figure 71. Schematic of thermal interface materials used in a flip chip package. 240
- Figure 72. AWN Nanotech water harvesting prototype. 249
- Figure 73. Large transparent heater for LiDAR. 263
- Figure 74. Carbonics, Inc.’s carbon nanotube technology. 265
- Figure 75. Fuji carbon nanotube products. 277
- Figure 76. Cup Stacked Type Carbon Nano Tubes schematic. 280
- Figure 77. CSCNT composite dispersion. 281
- Figure 78. Flexible CNT CMOS integrated circuits with sub-10 nanoseconds stage delays. 286
- Figure 79. Koatsu Gas Kogyo Co. Ltd CNT product. 290
- Figure 80. Li-S Energy 20-layer battery cell utilising semi-solid state lithium sulfur battery technology. 296
- Figure 81. Test specimens fabricated using MECHnano’s radiation curable resins modified with carbon nanotubes. 299
- Figure 82. NAWACap. 311
- Figure 83. Hybrid battery powered electrical motorbike concept. 311
- Figure 84. NAWAStitch integrated into carbon fiber composite. 312
- Figure 85. Schematic illustration of three-chamber system for SWCNH production. 313
- Figure 86. TEM images of carbon nanobrush. 314
- Figure 87. CNT film. 317
- Figure 88. Shinko Carbon Nanotube TIM product. 331
- Figure 89. VB Series of TIMS from Zeon. 351
- Figure 90. Vertically aligned CNTs on foil, double-sided coating. 353
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