Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polysaccharides, Protein-based biopolymers, algal and fungal based biopolymers, chitin etc.
August 2022 | 201 pages | 34 tables, 78 figures | Download table of contents
The market for biopolymers extracted from agro-food wastes, biomass such as polysaccharides, proteins and lipids, as well as those produced by yeast biomass, algae or by bacterial fermentation, have attracted a significant amount of research and industrial interest over the last few years. Applications have been developed for food packaging, agricultural films, membranes, sustainable clothes etc. and will continue to grow with continued government and industry push for sustainable plastics.
Biopolymers or natural polymers are naturally occurring polymers formed by plants, animals, and microorganisms. In this group naturally occurring and chemically modified polymers are included, such as cellulose, chitin, gelatin, vegetal proteins, β-glucan, dextrane, and kefiran. Biopolymers are directly used as obtained from their sources and are biodegradable; they are also referred to as natural polymers.
Report contents include:
- Analysis of overall bioplastics/biopolymers global market in 2021, and forecast to 2031.
- Current market conditions, players, end user markets, trends and future outlook.
- Market challenges for wider adoption of natural biopolymers.
- Global production capacities and consumption, by market. Market forecasts to 2031.
- Analysis of natural biopolymers including Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polysaccharides, Protein-based biopolymers, algal and fungal based biopolymers, chitin etc.
- End user market analysis including packaging, consumer products, automotive, textiles, medical devices, electronics and building materials.
- 145 companies profiled. Companies profiled include Algix, Mango Materials, Kaneka, Danimer Scientific, Newlight Technologies, Tianan Biologic, Eranova, Loliware LLC, Uluu, Notpla, Oimo, Bolt Threads, Bio Fab NZ, Ecovative Design LLC and many more.
1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 15
2 BIO-POLYMERS AND BIO-PLASTICS 16
- 2.1 The global plastics market 16
- 2.1.1 Global production 16
- 2.1.2 The importance of plastic 17
- 2.1.3 Issues with plastics use 17
- 2.1.4 Market trends 19
- 2.1.5 Bio-based plastics global production 20
- 2.1.6 Main bio-plastics producers and global production capacities 21
- 2.1.6.1 Producers 21
- 2.1.6.2 By biobased and sustainable plastic type 23
- 2.1.6.3 By region 27
- 2.1.7 Global demand for bio-based and sustainable plastics 2020, by market 29
- 2.1.8 Impact of COVID-19 crisis on the bioplastics market and future demand 32
- 2.1.9 Challenges for the biobased and sustainable plastics market 32
- 2.2 Bio-based or renewable plastics 34
- 2.2.1 Drop-in bio-based plastics 34
- 2.2.2 Novel bio-based plastics 35
- 2.3 Biodegradable and compostable plastics 35
- 2.3.1 Biodegradability 36
- 2.3.2 Compostability 37
- 2.4 Advantages and disadvantages 37
- 2.5 Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics 38
- 2.6 Market leaders by biobased and/or biodegradable plastic types 39
3 THE GLOBAL NATURAL BIOPOLYMERS/BIOPLASTICS MARKET 41
- 3.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 41
- 3.1.1 Types 43
- 3.1.1.1 PHB 45
- 3.1.1.2 PHBV 45
- 3.1.2 Synthesis and production processes 47
- 3.1.3 Market analysis 50
- 3.1.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production capacities, by country 51
- 3.1.5 Commercially available PHAs 52
- 3.1.6 Markets for PHAs 53
- 3.1.6.1 Packaging 55
- 3.1.6.2 Cosmetics 56
- 3.1.6.3 Medical 56
- 3.1.6.4 Agriculture 57
- 3.1.7 Producers 58
- 3.1.1 Types 43
- 3.2 Polysaccharides 59
- 3.2.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 59
- 3.2.1.1 Market analysis 59
- 3.2.1.2 Producers 60
- 3.2.2 Cellulose nanocrystals 61
- 3.2.2.1 Market analysis 61
- 3.2.2.2 Producers 62
- 3.2.3 Cellulose nanofibers 63
- 3.2.3.1 Market analysis 63
- 3.2.3.2 Producers 65
- 3.2.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 59
- 3.3 Protein-based bioplastics 66
- 3.3.1 Types, applications and producers 67
- 3.4 Algal and fungal 68
- 3.4.1 Algal 69
- 3.4.1.1 Advantages 69
- 3.4.1.2 Production 70
- 3.4.1.3 Commercialization 71
- 3.4.2 Mycelium 71
- 3.4.2.1 Properties 71
- 3.4.2.2 Applications 72
- 3.4.2.3 Commercialization 74
- 3.4.1 Algal 69
- 3.5 Chitosan 74
- 3.6 Market segmentation of natural biopolymers/bioplastics 75
- 3.6.1 Packaging 76
- 3.6.2 Consumer products 78
- 3.6.3 Automotive 78
- 3.6.4 Textiles 79
- 3.6.5 Electronics 81
- 3.6.6 Building materials 81
- 3.6.7 Agriculture and horticulture 82
4 NATURAL BIOPOLYMERS COMPANY PROFILES 84 (145 company profiles)
5 REFERENCES 212
Tables
- Table 1. Issues related to the use of plastics. 17
- Table 2. Market drivers and trends in bio-based products. 19
- Table 3. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2018-2031, in 1,000 tons. 20
- Table 4. Global production capacities, by producers. 21
- Table 5. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2019-2031, by type, in 1,000 tons. 23
- Table 6. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2019-2025, by region, tons. 27
- Table 7. Type of biodegradation. 36
- Table 8. Advantages and disadvantages of biobased plastics compared to conventional plastics. 37
- Table 9. Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics, applications. 38
- Table 10. Market leader by Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastic types. 39
- Table 11.Types of PHAs and properties. 44
- Table 12. Comparison of the physical properties of different PHAs with conventional petroleum-based polymers. 46
- Table 13. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) extraction methods. 48
- Table 14. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) market analysis. 50
- Table 15. Commercially available PHAs. 53
- Table 16. Markets and applications for PHAs. 54
- Table 17. Applications, advantages and disadvantages of PHAs in packaging. 55
- Table 18. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers. 58
- Table 19. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) market analysis. 59
- Table 20. Leading MFC producers and capacities. 60
- Table 21. Cellulose nanocrystals analysis. 61
- Table 22: Cellulose nanocrystal production capacities and production process, by producer. 62
- Table 23. Cellulose nanofibers market analysis. 63
- Table 24. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes. 65
- Table 25. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies. 67
- Table 26. Types of algal and fungal based-bioplastics, applications and companies. 68
- Table 27. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size. 69
- Table 28. Companies developing algal-based bioplastics. 71
- Table 29. Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 71
- Table 30. Companies developing mycelium-based bioplastics. 74
- Table 31. Overview of chitosan-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 75
- Table 32. Granbio Nanocellulose Processes. 132
- Table 33. Lactips plastic pellets. 142
- Table 34. Oji Holdings CNF products. 174
Figures
- Figure 1. Global plastics production 1950-2018, millions of tons. 17
- Figure 2. Total global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics, all types, 000 tons. 18
- Figure 3. Global production capacities of bioplastics 2018-2031, in 1,000 tons by biodegradable/non-biodegradable types. 21
- Figure 4. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics in 2019-2031, by type, in 1,000 tons. 25
- Figure 5. Global production capacities of bioplastics in 2019-2025, by type. 25
- Figure 6. Global production capacities of bioplastics in 2030, by type. 26
- Figure 7. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2020. 27
- Figure 8. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2025. 28
- Figure 9. Current and future applications of biobased and sustainable plastics. 29
- Figure 10. Global demand for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market, 2020. 30
- Figure 11. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2019-2031, tons. 32
- Figure 12. Challenges for the biobased and sustainable plastics market. 32
- Figure 13. Coca-Cola PlantBottle®. 35
- Figure 14. Interrelationship between conventional, bio-based and biodegradable plastics. 35
- Figure 15. PHA family. 44
- Figure 16. PHA production capacities, 1,000 tons, 2019-2030. 52
- Figure 17. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix. 70
- Figure 18. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam. 73
- Figure 19. Commercial mycelium composite construction materials. 73
- Figure 20. Global market demand for natural biopolymers/bioplastics by end user market 2019-2031, 1,000 tons. 76
- Figure 21. PHA bioplastics products. 77
- Figure 22. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in packaging 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 77
- Figure 23. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in consumer products 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 78
- Figure 24. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in automotive 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 79
- Figure 25. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in textiles 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 80
- Figure 26. Global market demand for natural biopolymers/bioplastics in electronics 2019-2031, 1,000 tons. 81
- Figure 27. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in building and construction 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 82
- Figure 28. Biodegradable mulch films. 83
- Figure 29. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in agriculture 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 83
- Figure 30. Algiknit yarn. 86
- Figure 31. Amadou leather shoes. 87
- Figure 32. Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel. 89
- Figure 33. MEDICELLU™. 89
- Figure 34. Beyond Leather Materials product. 92
- Figure 35. nanoforest-S. 108
- Figure 36. nanoforest-PDP. 108
- Figure 37. nanoforest-MB. 109
- Figure 38. CuanSave film. 112
- Figure 39. ELLEX products. 115
- Figure 40. CNF-reinforced PP compounds. 115
- Figure 41. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 116
- Figure 42. Mushroom leather. 119
- Figure 43. Filler Bank CNC products. 126
- Figure 44. Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE). 127
- Figure 45. PHA production process. 128
- Figure 46. Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials. 134
- Figure 47. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer). 135
- Figure 48. CNF gel. 137
- Figure 49. Block nanocellulose material. 137
- Figure 50. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu. 138
- Figure 51. Marine leather products. 140
- Figure 52. Chitin nanofiber product. 148
- Figure 53. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products. 150
- Figure 54. FibriMa cellulose nanofiber powder. 151
- Figure 55. Cellulomix production process. 152
- Figure 56. Nanobase versus conventional products. 153
- Figure 57. MOGU-Wave panels. 155
- Figure 58. CNF slurries. 156
- Figure 59. Range of CNF products. 156
- Figure 60. Reishi. 159
- Figure 61. Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers. 167
- Figure 62. Compostable water pod. 168
- Figure 63. Leather made from leaves. 169
- Figure 64. Nike shoe with beLEAF™. 170
- Figure 65. CNF clear sheets. 174
- Figure 66. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product. 175
- Figure 67. XCNF. 184
- Figure 68. CNF insulation flat plates. 186
- Figure 69. Manufacturing process for STARCEL. 192
- Figure 70. Lyocell process. 194
- Figure 71. North Face Spiber Moon Parka. 196
- Figure 72. Spider silk production. 198
- Figure 73. 2 wt.% CNF suspension. 200
- Figure 74. BiNFi-s Dry Powder. 200
- Figure 75. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet. 201
- Figure 76. Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material. 201
- Figure 77. Tômtex leather alternative. 205
- Figure 78. Vegea production process. 207
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