The Global Market for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2023-2033

1              INTRODUCTION 

• 1.1          What are fuel cells?         9
• 1.2          Overview of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells             10
  • 1.2.1      Why are SOFCs needed?              12
  • 1.2.2      Advantages over conventional power     14
  • 1.2.3      Benefits and applications              16
  • 1.2.4      Components and materials          17
    • 1.2.4.1   Anode  17
    • 1.2.4.2   Electrolyte          18
    • 1.2.4.3   Cathode               19
    • 1.2.4.4   Interconnects    20
    • 1.2.4.5   Other    20
  • 1.2.5      Fuels for SOFCs 21
    • 1.2.5.1   Hydrogen            24
    • 1.2.5.2   Natural Gas        25
    • 1.2.5.3   Biogas   26
    • 1.2.5.4   Ammonia            27
    • 1.2.5.5   Propane               28
    • 1.2.5.6   Gasoline              29
    • 1.2.5.7   Diesel    29
    • 1.2.5.8   Coal Syngas        30
    • 1.2.5.9   Biodiesel              31
    • 1.2.5.10                E-fuels  32
  • 1.2.6      Comparative analysis of fuels for SOFCs 33
• 1.3          Comparison to other fuel cell types          36
  • 1.3.1      PEMFC  37
  • 1.3.2      Alternative fuel cell technologies              40
• 1.4          Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells (SOECs)      40
  • 1.4.1      Overview            41
  • 1.4.2      Advantages and disadvantages  42
  • 1.4.3      Market 43
• 1.5          Low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs)             44
  • 1.5.1      Overview            44
  • 1.5.2      Advantages and disadvantages  45
  • 1.5.3      Market prospects            46

2              THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS        

• 2.1          Market drivers and trends            47
• 2.2          Market challenges           48
• 2.3          SWOT analysis   49
• 2.4          Stationary vs portable SOFCs      50
• 2.5          Recent market developments and investments  51
• 2.6          Market map       54
• 2.7          Competitive landscape  55
  • 2.7.1      Key market players          55
  • 2.7.2      Future costs       57
  • 2.7.3      Recent innovation           60
• 2.8          Commercial and industrial (C&I)- distributed power generation, microgrids, data centers, and retail           61
  • 2.8.1      Motivation for use           62
  • 2.8.2      Applications       63
  • 2.8.3      Market players  65
  • 2.8.4      Fuel choices       66
  • 2.8.5      Market challenges           68
• 2.9          Vehicles               69
  • 2.9.1      Motivation for use           70
  • 2.9.2      Applications       71
  • 2.9.3      Market players  73
  • 2.9.4      Fuel choices       74
  • 2.9.5      Market challenges           76
• 2.10        Marine 78
  • 2.10.1    Motivation for use           79
  • 2.10.2    Applications       80
  • 2.10.3    Market players  82
  • 2.10.4    Fuel choices       84
  • 2.10.5    Market challenges           85
• 2.11        Residential          87
  • 2.11.1    Motivation for use           88
  • 2.11.2    Applications       89
  • 2.11.3    Market players  91
  • 2.11.4    Fuel choices       92
  • 2.11.5    Market challenges           92
• 2.12        Future market outlook   94

3              GLOBAL SOFC MARKET SIZE AND FORECASTS     

• 3.1          Global demand (MW) 2018-2033               96
• 3.2          Global demand by application 2018-2033               97
• 3.3          Regional markets for SOFC           100
  • 3.3.1      United States     100
  • 3.3.2      Japan    100
  • 3.3.3      China     101
  • 3.3.4      Europe 102
• 3.4          Pricing analysis and price forecasts          103
  • 3.4.1      Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) from solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems         104
  • 3.4.2      Price ($/kW) for SOFCs  105

4              COMPANY PROFILES       107 (54 company profiles)

5              RESEARCH METHODOLOGY         152

6              REFERENCES       153

List of Tables

• Table 1. Benefits and applications of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.           16
• Table 2. Other components and materials in SOFCs.         20
• Table 3. Comparison of fuels in SOFCs.   21
• Table 4. Classification of fuels by carbon emissions.          23
• Table 5. Comparison of the volumetric energy densities of some common solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) fuels             33
• Table 6. Comparison of carbon emissions of SOFC fuels. 34
• Table 7. Comparison to other fuel cell types.       36
• Table 8. Market drivers and trends for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.        47
• Table 9. Market challenges for solid oxide fuel cells.         48
• Table 10. Recent market developments and investments in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.              52
• Table 11. Revenues of key players in fuel cells.    56
• Table 12. Recent innovations in SOFCs.   60
• Table 13. Global SOFC demand (MW) 2018-2033.               96
• Table 14. Global SOFC demand (MW) by application 2018-2033.  98
• Table 15. Main SOFC Companies in the United States.     100
• Table 16. Main SOFC Companies in Japan.             101
• Table 17. Main SOFC Companies in China.             101
• Table 18. Main SOFC Companies in Europe.          102
• Table 19. Pricing analysis and price forecasts for SOFCs.  103

List of Figures

• Figure 1.Types of fuel cells.          11
• Figure 2. Solid oxide fuel cell operating principle.               11
• Figure 3. Planar SOFC configuration.        13
• Figure 4. SWOT analysis for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells market.             50
• Figure 5. Market map Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.        54
• Figure 6. Data Center Fuel Cells. 61
• Figure 7. Bloom-SK Fuel Cell.       62
• Figure 8.  Integrated solid oxide fuel cell, solar PV, and battery storage system.   69
• Figure 9. Hydrogen fuel cell forklift being used in a warehouse distribution center.             70
• Figure 10. Fuel cell Electric Bus. 76
• Figure 11. Application of SOFCs in combined heat, cooling and power systems.    88
• Figure 12. Global SOFC demand (MW) 2018-2033.              96
• Figure 13. Global SOFC demand (MW) by application 2018-2033.                 98
• Figure 14. Price ($/kW) for SOFCs, historical and forecast.              105
• Figure 15. Bloom Energy solid oxide electrolyzer technology.       113
• Figure 16. Imperium® Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.        151

The Global Market for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2023-2033

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The Global Market for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2023-2033

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