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The Global Market for White (Industrial) Biotechnology 2024-2035

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  • Published: June 2024
  • Pages: 569
  • Tables: 100
  • Figures: 68

 

White biotechnology, also known as industrial biotechnology, harnesses the power of living cells and enzymes to create eco-friendly, sustainable products and processes. This cutting-edge field is transforming industries worldwide, offering innovative solutions for biomanufacturing, biofuels, bioplastics, and beyond. Key tools like metabolic engineering, fermentation, enzymatic biocatalysis, and directed evolution allow the biology of bacteria, yeast and algae to be optimized as microbial cell factories. Their metabolism can be tailored to convert sugars, waste lipids and even CO2 into target compounds like ethanol, organic acids, biopolymers and more. White biotechnology enables the sustainable production of both high-volume commodities as well as fine chemicals for pharmaceuticals. It allows renewable feedstocks like agricultural wastes and algae to be utilized as inputs. Biomanufacturing processes can achieve high specificity under mild conditions with far less waste than conventional chemistry.

The Global Market for White (Industrial) Biotechnology 2024-2035 is an in-depth market research report that explores the current state and future prospects of this sector. The report provides a comprehensive analysis of the white biotechnology market, covering key application areas such as biomanufacturing, biofuels, bio-based chemicals, bioplastics and biopolymers, bioremediation, biocatalysis, food and nutraceutical ingredients, agricultural biotechnology, textiles, consumer goods, biopharmaceuticals, cosmetics, surfactants and detergents, and construction materials.

The report covers the latest technological advancements driving the white biotechnology market, including synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, protein engineering, fermentation processes, and more. It also examines the various production hosts, such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, marine organisms, and photosynthetic organisms, as well as the diverse range of feedstocks used, from C1 and C2 compounds to lignocellulosic biomass, plastic waste, and CO2.

The Global Market for White (Industrial) Biotechnology 2024-2035 offers invaluable insights into the market trends, growth drivers, challenges, and opportunities shaping the future of this industry. The report features a comprehensive market analysis, including a SWOT analysis, market map, competitive landscape, and detailed profiles of over 380 key players in the white biotechnology space. 

With global revenues for white biotechnology projected to soar in the coming years, this report is an essential resource for businesses, investors, and researchers seeking to capitalize on the immense potential of this sustainable, bio-based revolution.

Report contents include: 

  • Principles and tools of white biotechnology. Analysis of major host organisms - engineered bacteria, yeast, algae, fungi - used in industrial biotechnology. 
  • Key end product applications and markets. Markets covered include biofuels, renewable chemicals, bioplastics, ingredients, agriculture, cosmetics, textiles, and more. Analysis of market drivers, challenges, regulations, and outlook.
  • Insights into biomanufacturing processes and scale-up for commercialization. Batch vs continuous processing, bioreactors, downstream separation, and process analytical techniques.
  • Techno-economic analysis and market outlook.
  • Latest trends and future opportunities.
  • Global market revenues to 2035
  • >380 company profiles spanning feedstock supply, biomanufacturing, and end-product companies. Analysis of  how start-ups, SMEs, and large corporations are applying biotech across the value chain. Profiles include products, technical specifications and contact details. Companies profiled include Aanika Biosciences, Absci, ÄIO, Amyris, Apeel, Agrivida, Ardra Bio, BigHat Biosciences, BioAge Labs,  Bioptimus, Bolt Threads, Cascade Biocatalysts, C16 Biosciences, Circe, Cradle, Danimer Scientific, Debut Biotechnology, Deepcell, Erebagen, Eligo Bioscience, Evozyne,  Fermelanta, Future Fields, Geltor, Generate:Biomedicines, Gingko Bioworks, Green Bioactives, HydGene Renewables, Iambic Therapeutics, Impossible Foods,  Industrial Microbes, Insilico Medicine, LanzaTech, Leash Biosciences, Metabolic Explorer, Michroma, Model Medicines, Modern Meadow,  Newlight Technologies, Noetik,  Novozymes, Onego Bio, Pearl Bio, Pivot Bio, Profluent Bio, Provectus Algae, Seminal Biosciences, Spiber, Succinity, Terra Bioindustries, Terray Therapeutics, Visolis,  Xaira, Yali Bio and Yoneda Labs  (Full list of companies profiled in table of contents). 

 

 

 

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1             RESEARCH METHODOLOGY              27

 

2             INTRODUCTION          28

  • 2.1        Biotechnology "colours"         28
  • 2.2        Definition         28
  • 2.3        Comparison with conventional processes 29
  • 2.4        Markets and applications      30
  • 2.5        Advantages     32
  • 2.6        Sustainability 33
  • 2.7        White Biotechnology for the Circular Economy      34
    • 2.7.1    Agricultural Waste      35
    • 2.7.2    Forestry and Paper Waste     35
    • 2.7.3    Gas Fermentation       36
    • 2.7.4    Plastics Upcycling      36
    • 2.7.5    Wastewater Valorization        37

 

3             TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS       38

  • 3.1        Production hosts         38
    • 3.1.1    Bacteria             38
    • 3.1.2    Yeast   39
    • 3.1.3    Fungi   40
    • 3.1.4    Marine 41
    • 3.1.5    Enzymes           42
    • 3.1.6    Photosynthetic organisms    42
  • 3.2        Biomanufacturing processes              43
    • 3.2.1    Batch biomanufacturing        46
    • 3.2.2    Continuous biomanufacturing          47
  • 3.3        Cell factories for biomanufacturing 47
  • 3.4        Synthetic Biology        49
    • 3.4.1    Technology Overview                49
    • 3.4.2    Metabolic engineering             51
      • 3.4.2.1 DNA synthesis              52
      • 3.4.2.2 CRISPR              52
        • 3.4.2.2.1           CRISPR/Cas9-modified biosynthetic pathways      53
    • 3.4.3    Protein/Enzyme Engineering                54
    • 3.4.4    Strain construction and optimization            56
    • 3.4.5    Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering           57
    • 3.4.6    Smart bioprocessing 57
    • 3.4.7    Cell-free systems        58
    • 3.4.8    Chassis organisms    61
    • 3.4.9    Biomimetics   62
    • 3.4.10 Sustainable materials              63
    • 3.4.11 Robotics and automation      64
      • 3.4.11.1            Robotic cloud laboratories   64
      • 3.4.11.2            Automating organism design              65
      • 3.4.11.3            Artificial intelligence and machine learning              65
    • 3.4.12 Fermentation Processes        66
  • 3.5        Generative Biology     67
    • 3.5.1    Generative Models     68
    • 3.5.2    Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)    69
      • 3.5.2.1 Variational Autoencoders (VAEs)      69
      • 3.5.2.2 Normalizing Flows      70
      • 3.5.2.3 Autoregressive Models            70
      • 3.5.2.4 Evolutionary Generative Models       70
    • 3.5.3    Design Optimization 71
      • 3.5.3.1 Evolutionary Algorithms (e.g., Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Strategies)       71
        • 3.5.3.1.1           Genetic Algorithms (GAs)      71
        • 3.5.3.1.2           Evolutionary Strategies (ES) 71
      • 3.5.3.2 Reinforcement Learning         72
      • 3.5.3.3 Multi-Objective Optimization              72
      • 3.5.3.4 Bayesian Optimization            72
    • 3.5.4    Computational Biology           74
      • 3.5.4.1 Molecular Dynamics Simulations    74
      • 3.5.4.2 Quantum Mechanical Calculations                74
      • 3.5.4.3 Systems Biology Modeling    75
      • 3.5.4.4 Metabolic Engineering Modeling       76
    • 3.5.5    Data-Driven Approaches       77
      • 3.5.5.1 Machine Learning       77
      • 3.5.5.2 Graph Neural Networks           78
      • 3.5.5.3 Unsupervised Learning           78
      • 3.5.5.4 Active Learning and Bayesian Optimization              78
    • 3.5.6    Agent-Based Modeling            79
    • 3.5.7    Hybrid Approaches    80
  • 3.6        Feedstocks      82
    • 3.6.1    C1 feedstocks               82
      • 3.6.1.1 Advantages     82
      • 3.6.1.2 Pathways          83
      • 3.6.1.3 Challenges      84
      • 3.6.1.4 Non-methane C1 feedstocks              84
      • 3.6.1.5 Gas fermentation        85
    • 3.6.2    C2 feedstocks               85
    • 3.6.3    Biological conversion of CO2              86
    • 3.6.4    Food processing wastes         90
    • 3.6.5    Lignocellulosic biomass        90
    • 3.6.6    Methane            91
    • 3.6.7    Municipal solid wastes            95
    • 3.6.8    Plastic wastes               96
    • 3.6.9    Plant oils           97
    • 3.6.10 Starch 97
    • 3.6.11 Sugars 98
    • 3.6.12 Used cooking oils       99
    • 3.6.13 Green hydrogen production 100
    • 3.6.14 Blue hydrogen production     101
  • 3.7        Blue biotechnology (Marine biotechnology)              104
    • 3.7.1    Cyanobacteria              105
    • 3.7.2    Macroalgae     106
    • 3.7.3    Companies     107

 

4             MARKET ANALYSIS      110

  • 4.1        Market trends and growth drivers     110
  • 4.2        Industry challenges and constraints              111
  • 4.3        White biotechnology in the bioeconomy     112
  • 4.4        SWOT analysis              113
  • 4.5        Market map    115
  • 4.6        Key market players and competitive landscape     115
  • 4.7        Regulations     117
    • 4.7.1    United States 118
    • 4.7.2    European Union           118
    • 4.7.3    International   119
    • 4.7.4    Specific Regulations and Guidelines             119
  • 4.8        Main end-use markets             120
    • 4.8.1    Biofuels             120
      • 4.8.1.1 Market supply chain  121
      • 4.8.1.2 Solid Biofuels 123
      • 4.8.1.3 Liquid Biofuels              124
      • 4.8.1.4 Gaseous Biofuels       125
      • 4.8.1.5 Conventional Biofuels             126
      • 4.8.1.6 Advanced Biofuels     126
      • 4.8.1.7 Feedstocks      127
        • 4.8.1.7.1           First-generation (1-G)               129
        • 4.8.1.7.2           Second-generation (2-G)       130
          • 4.8.1.7.2.1      Lignocellulosic wastes and residues             131
          • 4.8.1.7.2.2      Biorefinery lignin         133
        • 4.8.1.7.3           Third-generation (3-G)             137
          • 4.8.1.7.3.1      Algal biofuels 137
            • 4.8.1.7.3.1.1  Properties         138
            • 4.8.1.7.3.1.2  Advantages     138
        • 4.8.1.7.4           Fourth-generation (4-G)          140
        • 4.8.1.7.5           Energy crops  140
        • 4.8.1.7.6           Agricultural residues 140
        • 4.8.1.7.7           Manure, sewage sludge and organic waste                141
        • 4.8.1.7.8           Forestry and wood waste       141
        • 4.8.1.7.9           Feedstock costs          142
      • 4.8.1.8 Bioethanol       142
        • 4.8.1.8.1           Ethanol to jet fuel technology             143
        • 4.8.1.8.2           Methanol from pulp & paper production      144
        • 4.8.1.8.3           Sulfite spent liquor fermentation      145
        • 4.8.1.8.4           Gasification    145
          • 4.8.1.8.4.1      Biomass gasification and syngas fermentation       145
          • 4.8.1.8.4.2      Biomass gasification and syngas thermochemical conversion    146
        • 4.8.1.8.5           CO2 capture and alcohol synthesis               146
        • 4.8.1.8.6           Biomass hydrolysis and fermentation           147
        • 4.8.1.8.7           Separate hydrolysis and fermentation           147
          • 4.8.1.8.7.1      Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF)    148
          • 4.8.1.8.7.2      Pre-hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (PSSF)      148
          • 4.8.1.8.7.3      Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF)         148
          • 4.8.1.8.7.4      Direct conversion (consolidated bioprocessing) (CBP)      148
      • 4.8.1.9 Biodiesel           149
      • 4.8.1.10            Biogas 152
        • 4.8.1.10.1        Biomethane    153
        • 4.8.1.10.2        Feedstocks      155
        • 4.8.1.10.3        Anaerobic digestion  155
      • 4.8.1.11            Renewable diesel        156
      • 4.8.1.12            Biojet fuel         158
      • 4.8.1.13            Algal biofuels (blue biotech) 162
        • 4.8.1.13.1        Conversion pathways               163
        • 4.8.1.13.2        Market challenges      164
        • 4.8.1.13.3        Prices  165
        • 4.8.1.13.4        Producers         166
      • 4.8.1.14            Biohydrogen   167
        • 4.8.1.14.1        Biological Conversion Routes             169
          • 4.8.1.14.1.1   Bio-photochemical Reaction              169
          • 4.8.1.14.1.2   Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion        170
      • 4.8.1.15            Biobutanol      170
      • 4.8.1.16            Bio-based methanol 172
        • 4.8.1.16.1        Anaerobic digestion  174
        • 4.8.1.16.2        Biomass gasification 175
        • 4.8.1.16.3        Power to Methane       175
      • 4.8.1.17            Bioisoprene    176
      • 4.8.1.18            Fatty Acid Esters          176
    • 4.8.2    Bio-based chemicals               177
      • 4.8.2.1 Market supply chain  177
      • 4.8.2.2 Acetic acid      178
      • 4.8.2.3 Adipic acid      178
      • 4.8.2.4 Aldehydes        179
      • 4.8.2.5 Acrylic acid     180
      • 4.8.2.6 Bacterial cellulose      181
      • 4.8.2.7 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)              184
      • 4.8.2.8 Bio-DME            185
      • 4.8.2.9 Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA)                186
      • 4.8.2.10            Ethylene            186
      • 4.8.2.11            3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP)        187
      • 4.8.2.12            1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO)   188
      • 4.8.2.13            Itaconic acid  189
      • 4.8.2.14            Lactic acid (D-LA)       190
      • 4.8.2.15            1,5-diaminopentane (DA5)   191
      • 4.8.2.16            Tetrahydrofuran (THF)               192
      • 4.8.2.17            Malonic acid   193
      • 4.8.2.18            Monoethylene glycol (MEG) 194
      • 4.8.2.19            Propylene         195
      • 4.8.2.20            Succinic acid (SA)       196
      • 4.8.2.21            Triglycerides    197
      • 4.8.2.22            Enzymes           198
      • 4.8.2.23            Vitamins           198
      • 4.8.2.24            Antibiotics       199
    • 4.8.3    Bioplastics and Biopolymers              200
      • 4.8.3.1 Market supply chain  200
      • 4.8.3.2 Polylactic acid (PLA) 202
      • 4.8.3.3 PHAs   204
        • 4.8.3.3.1           Types   206
          • 4.8.3.3.1.1      PHB      208
          • 4.8.3.3.1.2      PHBV   209
        • 4.8.3.3.2           Synthesis and production processes             210
        • 4.8.3.3.3           Commercially available PHAs            213
      • 4.8.3.4 Bio-PET              214
      • 4.8.3.5 Starch blends 215
      • 4.8.3.6 Protein-based bioplastics     215
    • 4.8.4    Bioremediation             217
    • 4.8.5    Biocatalysis    218
      • 4.8.5.1 Biotransformations   219
      • 4.8.5.2 Cascade biocatalysis               219
      • 4.8.5.3 Co-factor recycling    220
      • 4.8.5.4 Immobilization             220
    • 4.8.6    Food and Nutraceutical Ingredients               221
      • 4.8.6.1 Market supply chain  221
      • 4.8.6.2 Alternative Proteins   222
      • 4.8.6.3 Natural Sweeteners   224
      • 4.8.6.4 Natural Flavors and Fragrances         224
      • 4.8.6.5 Texturants and Thickeners     225
      • 4.8.6.6 Nutraceuticals and Supplements    225
    • 4.8.7    Agricultural biotechnology    226
      • 4.8.7.1 Market supply chain  226
      • 4.8.7.2 Biofertilizers   227
        • 4.8.7.2.1           Overview           227
        • 4.8.7.2.2           Companies     228
      • 4.8.7.3 Biopesticides 228
        • 4.8.7.3.1           Overview           228
        • 4.8.7.3.2           Companies     229
      • 4.8.7.4 Biostimulants 229
        • 4.8.7.4.1           Overview           229
        • 4.8.7.4.2           Companies     229
      • 4.8.7.5 Crop Biotechnology   230
        • 4.8.7.5.1           Genetic engineering  230
        • 4.8.7.5.2           Genome editing           231
        • 4.8.7.5.3           Companies     231
    • 4.8.8    Textiles               232
      • 4.8.8.1 Market supply chain  233
        • 4.8.8.2 Bio-Based Fibers         234
          • 4.8.8.2.1           Lyocell                234
          • 4.8.8.2.2           Bacterial cellulose      235
          • 4.8.8.2.3           Algae textiles  235
      • 4.8.8.3 Recombinant Materials           236
      • 4.8.8.4 Sustainable Processing          236
    • 4.8.9    Consumer goods        238
      • 4.8.9.1 Market supply chain  238
      • 4.8.9.2 White biotechnology in consumer goods    239
    • 4.8.10 Biopharmaceuticals 240
      • 4.8.10.1            Market supply chain  240
      • 4.8.10.2            Market overview for white biotechnology    241
    • 4.8.11 Cosmetics       243
      • 4.8.11.1            Market supply chain  243
      • 4.8.11.2            Market overview for white biotechnology    244
    • 4.8.12 Surfactants and detergents  245
      • 4.8.12.1            Market supply chain  245
      • 4.8.12.2            Market overview for white biotechnology    246
    • 4.8.13 Construction materials           248
      • 4.8.13.1            Market supply chain  248
      • 4.8.13.2            Biocement       249
      • 4.8.13.3            Mycelium materials   251
  • 4.9        Global market revenues 2018-2035               253
    • 4.9.1    By market         253
    • 4.10     By region           255
  • 4.11     Future Market Outlook            257

 

5             COMPANY PROFILES                258

  • 5.1        Aanika Biosciences   258
  • 5.2        Absci Corp       258
  • 5.3        Aemetis, Inc.  259
  • 5.4        AEP Polymers 261
  • 5.5        AgBiome           261
  • 5.6        Agrivida             262
  • 5.7        ÄIO        262
  • 5.8        AI Proteins       263
  • 5.9        Algal Bio Co., Ltd.       264
  • 5.10     Algenol               264
  • 5.11     AlgiKnit               265
  • 5.12     Algiecel ApS   266
  • 5.13     AgriSea NZ Seaweed Ltd        268
  • 5.14     Alpha Biofuels (Singapore) Pte Ltd   269
  • 5.15     Allonnia  LLC  270
  • 5.16     Allozymes         270
  • 5.17     Alt.Leather       271
  • 5.18     Alto Neuroscience      272
  • 5.19     AmphiStar       273
  • 5.20     Amphista Therapeutics           273
  • 5.21     Amply Discovery          274
  • 5.22     AMSilk GmbH 275
  • 5.23     Andes Ag, Inc.               276
  • 5.24     Antheia              276
  • 5.25     Apeel Sciences             277
  • 5.26     Aqemia              278
  • 5.27     Aralez Bio         278
  • 5.28     Arctic Biomaterials Oy             279
  • 5.29     Ardra Bio           280
  • 5.30     Arkeon                280
  • 5.31     Arzeda 281
  • 5.32     Asimov               281
  • 5.33     Atantares          282
  • 5.34     Athos Therapeutics    283
  • 5.35     Atomwise         284
  • 5.36     Aurigene Pharmaceutical Services  285
  • 5.37     Autolus              286
  • 5.38     AVA Biochem AG          286
  • 5.39     Avantium B.V. 287
  • 5.40     Avicenna Biosciences              289
  • 5.41     Azolla  290
  • 5.42     Axcelon Biopolymers Corporation   290
  • 5.43     Basecamp Research 291
  • 5.44     BBCA Biochemical & GALACTIC Lactic Acid Co., Ltd.        292
  • 5.45     Benefuel Inc.  293
  • 5.46     BenevolentAI  294
  • 5.47     BigHat Biosciences    295
  • 5.48     BioAge Labs    296
  • 5.49     BioBetter           297
  • 5.50     Biocatalysts Ltd.          297
  • 5.51     Bioextrax AB    298
  • 5.52     Bio Fab NZ       299
  • 5.53     Biokemik           299
  • 5.54     Biolexis Therapeutics               301
  • 5.55     BIOLO 302
  • 5.56     BioMap              303
  • 5.57     Biomason, Inc.             303
  • 5.58     Biomatter Designs     304
  • 5.59     Bioptimus SAS              305
  • 5.60     BioPhy 306
  • 5.61     Bioplastech Ltd            307
  • 5.62     BioSmart Nano             307
  • 5.63     Biotic Circular Technologies Ltd.      308
  • 5.64     Biosyntia          309
  • 5.65     Biotecam          309
  • 5.66     Bioweg               310
  • 5.67     bit.bio 311
  • 5.68     Bloom Biorenewables SA       312
  • 5.69     BluCon Biotech GmbH            312
  • 5.70     Blue BioFuels, Inc.     313
  • 5.71     Bluepha Beijing Lanjing Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd.             314
  • 5.72     Bon Vivant        315
  • 5.73     Bolt Threads   315
  • 5.74     Bosk Bioproducts Inc.              316
  • 5.75     Bowil Biotech Sp. z o.o.       317
  • 5.76     Braskem SA     317
  • 5.77     Brightseed       318
  • 5.78     Bucha Bio, Inc.              319
  • 5.79     C1 Green Chemicals AG         320
  • 5.80     C16 Biosciences          320
  • 5.81     CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co, Ltd        321
  • 5.82     California Cultured    321
  • 5.83     Calysta              322
  • 5.84     Cambrium GmbH       323
  • 5.85     Camena Bioscience  324
  • 5.86     Capra Biosciences     324
  • 5.87     Carbios              325
  • 5.88     Cargill 325
  • 5.89     Calyxt  326
  • 5.90     Cascade Biocatalysts              327
  • 5.91     Cass Materials Pty Ltd             328
  • 5.92     Catalyxx             328
  • 5.93     Cauldron          329
  • 5.94     Cemvita Factory Inc. 329
  • 5.95     Century Health Technology, Inc.       330
  • 5.96     ChainCraft      331
  • 5.97     Checkerspot   332
  • 5.98     Chitose Bio Evolution Pte Ltd.            333
  • 5.99     CinderBio         333
  • 5.100  Circe    334
  • 5.101  CJ Biomaterials, Inc. 334
  • 5.102  Clean Food Group      336
  • 5.103  Codexis             336
  • 5.104  Colorifix             337
  • 5.105  Colossal Biosciences               337
  • 5.106  Colipi  338
  • 5.107  Colorifix             339
  • 5.108  Conagen           339
  • 5.109  Constructive Bio          340
  • 5.110  Cradle 340
  • 5.111  Cysbio 341
  • 5.112  Danimer Scientific      342
  • 5.113  Debut Biotechnology                343
  • 5.114  Deepcell            343
  • 5.115  DeepCure         344
  • 5.116  Deep Genomics           345
  • 5.117  Deep Branch Biotechnology 346
  • 5.118  Demetrix           347
  • 5.119  Design Therapeutics 347
  • 5.120  Diagonal Therapeutics            348
  • 5.121  Diffuse Bio       349
  • 5.122  Dispersa           350
  • 5.123  DNA Script       351
  • 5.124  Domsjö Fabriker AB   351
  • 5.125  DuPont               353
  • 5.126  Earli      354
  • 5.127  Ecovative Design LLC               355
  • 5.128  Eco Fuel Technology, Inc        356
  • 5.129  Eden Brew        357
  • 5.130  EggPlant Srl     358
  • 5.131  Eligo Bioscience          358
  • 5.132  Elo Life Systems           359
  • 5.133  Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT)     359
  • 5.134  EnginZyme AB               361
  • 5.135  Eni S.p.A.          361
  • 5.136  EnPlusOne Biosciences          362
  • 5.137  Enzymaster     362
  • 5.138  Enzymit              363
  • 5.139  Enzyan Biocatalysis GmbH   364
  • 5.140  Etcembly           364
  • 5.141  Evaxion Biotech A/S   365
  • 5.142  Eversyn              366
  • 5.143  Evozyne             367
  • 5.144  Exscientia        367
  • 5.145  FabricNano     368
  • 5.146  Fermentalg      369
  • 5.147  eniferBio           370
  • 5.148  ENOUGH          371
  • 5.149  Epoch Biodesign         372
  • 5.150  Erebagen          372
  • 5.151  Evolved By Nature       373
  • 5.152  Evonik Industries AG 373
  • 5.153  EV Biotech       374
  • 5.154  FabricNano     375
  • 5.155  Farmless           375
  • 5.156  Fermelanta      376
  • 5.157  Fermentalg      377
  • 5.158  Full Cycle Bioplastics LLC     377
  • 5.159  Futerro                378
  • 5.160  Future Fields  379
  • 5.161  Futurity Bio-Ventures Ltd.      380
  • 5.162  Gaiamer Biotechnologies      381
  • 5.163  Geltor  381
  • 5.164  Gen3Bio            382
  • 5.165  Genecis Bioindustries, Inc.  382
  • 5.166  Generate:Biomedicines          383
  • 5.167  Genesis Therapeutics              384
  • 5.168  Gero     385
  • 5.169  Gevo, Inc           386
  • 5.170  Genomatica    387
  • 5.171  Ginkgo Bioworks          388
  • 5.172  GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)            388
  • 5.173  Global Bioenergies SA              389
  • 5.174  Google Deepmind      390
  • 5.175  Green Bioactives         391
  • 5.176  Green Earth Institute 391
  • 5.177  Healx   392
  • 5.178  Hexagon Bio   393
  • 5.179  Honext Material SL     394
  • 5.180  Humintech GmbH      394
  • 5.181  Huue, Inc.        395
  • 5.182  HydGene Renewables             395
  • 5.183  HydRegen         396
  • 5.184  Hyfé      397
  • 5.185  Iambic Therapeutics 397
  • 5.186  Ibex Medical Analytics             399
  • 5.187  Idoven 400
  • 5.188  Iktos     400
  • 5.189  Imperagen Limited     401
  • 5.190  Impossible Foods       402
  • 5.191  Inceptive           403
  • 5.192  Indee Labs       404
  • 5.193  Insempra          405
  • 5.194  Insilico Medicine         405
  • 5.195  Insitro 407
  • 5.196  Integrated Biosciences            408
  • 5.197  Ittinsect             409
  • 5.198  Iogen Corporation       409
  • 5.199  Isomorphic Laboratories        410
  • 5.200  Itaconix              410
  • 5.201  Johnson Matthey          411
  • 5.202  Kalion, Inc.      412
  • 5.203  Kane Biotech, Inc.      413
  • 5.204  Kinish  414
  • 5.205  Kraig Biocraft Laboratories   414
  • 5.206  Kuano 415
  • 5.207  Lanzatech        416
  • 5.208  LCY Biosciences          418
  • 5.209  Leash Biosciences     419
  • 5.210  Liberation Labs             420
  • 5.211  Loam Bio          420
  • 5.212  Leaf Resources Ltd.   421
  • 5.213  Light Bio            422
  • 5.214  Lignoflow Technologies AB   423
  • 5.215  Lignolix, Inc.   424
  • 5.216  LignoPure GmbH         424
  • 5.217  Lignovations GmbH   425
  • 5.218  Living Ink Technologies            426
  • 5.219  Lixea Limited  426
  • 5.220  Lumen Bioscience      428
  • 5.221  Lygos, Inc         429
  • 5.222  LXP Group GmbH        429
  • 5.223  MadeRight       430
  • 5.224  MakeGrowLab               431
  • 5.225  Mana.bio          432
  • 5.226  Mango Materials, Inc.               433
  • 5.227  Marea 434
  • 5.228  Melt & Marble 434
  • 5.229  MedPHA Bio-Tech Co., Ltd.  435
  • 5.230  Menten AI         435
  • 5.231  METabolic EXplorer S.A. (METEX)     436
  • 5.232  Metgen Oy        437
  • 5.233  Michroma        437
  • 5.234  MiLaboratories, Inc.  438
  • 5.235  Miruku 438
  • 5.236  Modern Meadow, Inc.               439
  • 5.237  Modern Synthesis       440
  • 5.238  Mogrify               441
  • 5.239  Model Medicines         441
  • 5.240  Molecular Assemblies             442
  • 5.241  Molecular Quantum Solutions           443
  • 5.242  Moolec Science            443
  • 5.243  Multus Biotechnology              444
  • 5.244  MycoCycle, Inc.            445
  • 5.245  MycoTechnology          445
  • 5.246  MYCL   446
  • 5.247  MycoWorks     447
  • 5.248  Myconeos        449
  • 5.249  Mylium BV        449
  • 5.250  Nabla Bio         450
  • 5.251  Nafigate Corporation a.s.      450
  • 5.252  NatPol 451
  • 5.253  NatureWorks LLC        452
  • 5.254  Nereid Biomaterials  453
  • 5.255  NefFa  453
  • 5.256  Newlight Technologies LLC  454
  • 5.257  Ningbo Tianan Biologic Material        455
  • 5.258  Noetik 455
  • 5.259  Nobias Therapeutics 456
  • 5.260  NoPalm Ingredients   457
  • 5.261  Nosh.bio           457
  • 5.262  Notpla 458
  • 5.263  Nourish              459
  • 5.264  Novomer           459
  • 5.265  Novozymes A/S             460
  • 5.266  Novo Nordisk 461
  • 5.267  Nucleai              462
  • 5.268  NVIDIA                463
  • 5.269  Oakbio, Inc.    463
  • 5.270  Octarine Bio   464
  • 5.271  Odyssey Therapeutics             465
  • 5.272  one • five           466
  • 5.273  Onego Bio        466
  • 5.274  Oimo   467
  • 5.275  Orbital Materials          468
  • 5.276  Ordaos Bio      469
  • 5.277  Origin by Ocean           470
  • 5.278  Owkin 470
  • 5.279  Paques Biomaterials 471
  • 5.280  Pearl Bio            472
  • 5.281  Perfect Day      472
  • 5.282  Perpetual Medicines 473
  • 5.283  PHABuilder      474
  • 5.284  Photanol B.V.  474
  • 5.285  Phylloceuticals             475
  • 5.286  Phytolon            476
  • 5.287  Pili         476
  • 5.288  Pivot Materials LLC    477
  • 5.289  Plastus               477
  • 5.290  Pneuma Bio    478
  • 5.291  Polaris Quantum Biotech (POLARISqb)        478
  • 5.292  PoLoPo              479
  • 5.293  Polybion            480
  • 5.294  Polyferm            480
  • 5.295  Pow.bio             481
  • 5.296  Precigen, Inc. 482
  • 5.297  PredxBio            482
  • 5.298  Profluent Bio  483
  • 5.299  Prokarium        484
  • 5.300  Prometheus Materials              485
  • 5.301  ProPhase Labs              485
  • 5.302  ProteinQure    486
  • 5.303  Protein Evolution         487
  • 5.304  Provectus Algae           487
  • 5.305  Praj Industries Ltd.     488
  • 5.306  Quazy Foods  490
  • 5.307  QuantHealth  491
  • 5.308  Q-milk GmbH 492
  • 5.309  Recursion Pharmaceuticals 493
  • 5.310  Relay Therapeutics    493
  • 5.311  Ribbon Biolabs             494
  • 5.312  Roche 495
  • 5.313  Roivant Sciences         495
  • 5.314  Roquette S.A. 496
  • 5.315  RWDC 497
  • 5.316  Samsara Eco Pty Ltd.                498
  • 5.317  Sanofi 499
  • 5.318  Saphium Biotechnology GMBH         500
  • 5.319  Scindo                500
  • 5.320  ScobyTec GmbH          501
  • 5.321  Schrödinger    501
  • 5.322  Seismic Therapeutic 502
  • 5.323  Seawear Ltd.  503
  • 5.324  Seevix Material Sciences Ltd.             504
  • 5.325  Sekab E-Technology AB           505
  • 5.326  Seminal Biosciences 506
  • 5.327  Sensible Biotechnologies      506
  • 5.328  SeQure Dx        507
  • 5.329  SimBioSys       508
  • 5.330  Smartfiber AG                509
  • 5.331  SNIPR Biome 510
  • 5.332  Solar Foods Oy             511
  • 5.333  Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co.    512
  • 5.334  Solugen             513
  • 5.335  Sphere Fluidics Limited          513
  • 5.336  Spiber, Inc.      514
  • 5.337  Spidey Tek        514
  • 5.338  Spinnova Oy   516
  • 5.339  St1 Oy 517
  • 5.340  Superluminal Medicines        518
  • 5.341  SUPLA Bioplastics     519
  • 5.342  SWAY  519
  • 5.343  Synlogic             520
  • 5.344  Synthego           521
  • 5.345  T-Cypher Bio   521
  • 5.346  Teal Bioworks, Inc.     522
  • 5.347  Telesis Bio        523
  • 5.348  Ten63 Therapeutics   523
  • 5.349  Terray Therapeutics   524
  • 5.350  Terra Bioindustries     525
  • 5.351  Teysha Technologies Limited               525
  • 5.352  thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG           526
  • 5.353  Tianjin GreenBio Materials Co., Ltd 527
  • 5.354  Total Corbion 528
  • 5.355  Touchlight Gene           529
  • 5.356  TRexBio             530
  • 5.357  Treemera GmbH          531
  • 5.358  TripleW               531
  • 5.359  Twist Bioscience          532
  • 5.360  Uluu     533
  • 5.361  UPM Biochemicals    533
  • 5.362  Valo Health      535
  • 5.363  VantAI 536
  • 5.364  Van Heron Labs            536
  • 5.365  VEnvirotech Biotechnology SL            537
  • 5.366  Versalis SpA    538
  • 5.367  Verge Genomics           539
  • 5.368  Vertus Energy Ltd.       540
  • 5.369  Virent Inc.         542
  • 5.370  Viridos, Inc.     543
  • 5.371  Visolis, Inc.      543
  • 5.372  Wild Microbes               544
  • 5.373  WNWN Food Labs      544
  • 5.374  Xaira Therapeutics     545
  • 5.375  Xtalpi   546
  • 5.376  Yali Bio               547
  • 5.377  Yield10 Bioscience, Inc.          548
  • 5.378  Yoneda Labs   548
  • 5.379  Zayt Bioscience            549
  • 5.380  Zephyr AI           550
  • 5.381  Zero Acre Farms           551
  • 5.382  Zya Enzymes  551

 

6             GLOSSARY       552

  • 6.1        Acronyms         552
  • 6.2        Terms  553

 

7             REFERENCES 555

 

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Biotechnology "colours".     28
  • Table 2. Differences between white biotechnology and conventional processes.           29
  • Table 3. Application areas for  white biotechnology.            30
  • Table 4. Advantages of white biotechnology.            32
  • Table 5. Routes for carbon capture in white biotechnology.           33
  • Table 6. Molecules produced through industrial biomanufacturing.        38
  • Table 7. Commonly used bacterial hosts for white biotechnology production. 39
  • Table 8. Commonly used yeast hosts for white biotech production.         40
  • Table 9. Examples of fungal hosts used in white biotechnology processes.         41
  • Table 10. Examples of marine organisms as hosts for white biotechnology applications.          41
  • Table 11. Common microbial hosts used for enzyme production in white biotechnology.         42
  • Table 12. Photosynthetic microorganisms used as production hosts in white biotechnology  43
  • Table 13. Biomanufacturing processes utilized in white biotechnology. 44
  • Table 14. Continuous vs batch biomanufacturing 46
  • Table 15. Key fermentation parameters in batch vs continuous biomanufacturing processes.              46
  • Table 16.  Major microbial cell factories used in industrial biomanufacturing.  48
  • Table 17. Core stages - Design, Build and Test.       50
  • Table 18. Products and applications enabled by synthetic biology.           50
  • Table 19. Engineered proteins in industrial applications. 55
  • Table 20. Cell-free versus cell-based systems         59
  • Table 21. White biotechnology fermentation processes.  66
  • Table 22. Products from C1 feedstocks in white biotechnology.  85
  • Table 23. C2 Feedstock Products.   86
  • Table 24. CO2 derived products via biological conversion-applications, advantages and disadvantages.                88
  • Table 25. Production capacities of biorefinery lignin producers. 91
  • Table 26. Common starch sources that can be used as feedstocks for producing biochemicals.        98
  • Table 27. Biomass processes summary, process description and TRL.  101
  • Table 28. Pathways for hydrogen production from biomass.          103
  • Table 29. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size.   104
  • Table 30. Blue biotechnology companies.  107
  • Table 31. Market trends and drivers in white biotechnology.          110
  • Table 32.Industry challenges and restraints in white biotechnology.        111
  • Table 33. White biotechnology key application sectors and products.    120
  • Table 34. Comparison of biofuels.   122
  • Table 35. Categories and examples of solid biofuel.            124
  • Table 36. Comparison of biofuels and e-fuels to fossil and electricity.     126
  • Table 37. Classification of biomass feedstock.       127
  • Table 38. Biorefinery feedstocks.     128
  • Table 39. Feedstock conversion pathways.                129
  • Table 40. First-Generation Feedstocks.        129
  • Table 41.  Lignocellulosic ethanol plants and capacities. 132
  • Table 42. Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins. 133
  • Table 43. Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and  processes    134
  • Table 44. Operating and planned lignocellulosic biorefineries and industrial flue gas-to-ethanol.      135
  • Table 45. Properties of microalgae and macroalgae.          138
  • Table 46. Yield of algae and other biodiesel crops.               139
  • Table 47.  Processes in bioethanol production.     147
  • Table 48. Microorganisms used in CBP for ethanol production from biomass lignocellulosic.               148
  • Table 49. Biodiesel by generation.    150
  • Table 50. Biodiesel production techniques.              151
  • Table 51. Biofuel production cost from the biomass pyrolysis process. 152
  • Table 52. Biogas feedstocks.               155
  • Table 53. Advantages and disadvantages of Bio-aviation fuel.      158
  • Table 54. Production pathways for Bio-aviation fuel.           159
  • Table 55. Current and announced Bio-aviation fuel facilities and capacities.    161
  • Table 56. Algae-derived biofuel producers.                166
  • Table 57. Markets and applications for biohydrogen.          167
  • Table 58. Comparison of different Bio-H2 production pathways.                168
  • Table 59. Properties of petrol and biobutanol.         170
  • Table 60. Comparison of biogas, biomethane and natural gas.   174
  • Table 61. Applications of bio-based caprolactam.               179
  • Table 62. Applications of bio-based acrylic acid.  180
  • Table 63. Applications of bio-based 1,4-Butanediol (BDO).           184
  • Table 64. Applications of bio-based ethylene.         187
  • Table 65. Biobased feedstock sources for 3-HP.     187
  • Table 66. Applications of 3-HP.           188
  • Table 67. Applications of bio-based 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO). 189
  • Table 68. Biobased feedstock sources for itaconic acid.  189
  • Table 69. Applications of bio-based itaconic acid.               190
  • Table 70. Biobased feedstocks that can be used to produce 1,5-diaminopentane (DA5).         191
  • Table 71. Applications of DN5.           192
  • Table 72. Applications of bio-based Tetrahydrofuran (THF).           193
  • Table 73. Markets and applications for malonic acid.         193
  • Table 74. Biobased feedstock sources for MEG.     194
  • Table 75. Applications of bio-based MEG.  194
  • Table 76. Applications of bio-based propylene.      195
  • Table 77. Biobased feedstock sources for Succinic acid. 196
  • Table 78. Applications of succinic acid.       197
  • Table 79. Bioplastics and bioplastic precursors synthesized via white biotechnology processes .      202
  • Table 80. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.  202
  • Table 81. PLA producers and production capacities.          204
  • Table 82.Types of PHAs and properties.       207
  • Table 83. Comparison of the physical properties of different PHAs with conventional petroleum-based polymers.         209
  • Table 84. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) extraction methods.           212
  • Table 85. Commercially available PHAs.     213
  • Table 86. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies.      216
  • Table 87. Applications of white biotechnology in bioremediation and environmental remediation.     218
  • Table 88. Companies developing fermentation-derived food.       223
  • Table 89. Biofertilizer companies.    228
  • Table 90. Biopesticides companies.              229
  • Table 91. Biostimulants companies.             229
  • Table 92. Crop biotechnology companies. 231
  • Table 93. White biotechnology applications in consumer goods.               239
  • Table 94. Pharmaceutical applications of white biotechnology.  242
  • Table 95. Applications of white biotechnology in the cosmetics industry.            244
  • Table 96. Sustainable biomanufacturing of surfactants and detergents.               247
  • Table 97. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by market, 2018-2035 (Billion USD).          253
  • Table 98. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by region, 2018-2035 (Billion USD).            255
  • Table 99. White biotechnology Glossary of Acronyms.       552
  • Table 100. White biotechnology Glossary of Terms.             553

 

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. CRISPR/Cas9 & Targeted Genome Editing.           54
  • Figure 2. Genetic Circuit-Assisted Smart Microbial Engineering. 58
  • Figure 3. Cell-free and cell-based protein synthesis systems.      61
  • Figure 4. Microbial Chassis Development for Natural Product Biosynthesis.     62
  • Figure 5. The design-make-test-learn loop of generative biology.                68
  • Figure 6. LanzaTech gas-fermentation process.      86
  • Figure 7. Schematic of biological CO2 conversion into e-fuels.   87
  • Figure 8. Overview of biogas utilization.       92
  • Figure 9. Biogas and biomethane pathways.             94
  • Figure 10. Schematic overview of anaerobic digestion process for biomethane production.   95
  • Figure 11. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix.               105
  • Figure 12. SWOT analysis: white biotechnology.    114
  • Figure 13. Market map: white biotechnology.           115
  • Figure 14. Biofuels market supply chain.    121
  • Figure 15.  Schematic of a biorefinery for production of carriers and chemicals.             133
  • Figure 16. Hydrolytic lignin powder. 137
  • Figure 17. Range of biomass cost by feedstock type.          142
  • Figure 18. Overview of biogas utilization.    153
  • Figure 19. Biogas and biomethane pathways.          154
  • Figure 20. Schematic overview of anaerobic digestion process for biomethane production.   156
  • Figure 21. Algal biomass conversion process for biofuel production.      164
  • Figure 22.  Pathways for algal biomass conversion to biofuels.    167
  • Figure 23. Biobutanol production route.      171
  • Figure 24. Renewable Methanol Production Processes from Different Feedstocks.       173
  • Figure 25. Production of biomethane through anaerobic digestion and upgrading.        174
  • Figure 26. Production of biomethane through biomass gasification and methanation.               175
  • Figure 27. Production of biomethane through the Power to methane process.  176
  • Figure 28. Bio-based chemicals market supply chain.       177
  • Figure 29. Overview of Toray process.            178
  • Figure 30. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes 183
  • Figure 31. Bioplastics and biopolymers market supply chain.      201
  • Figure 32. PHA family.              207
  • Figure 33. Food and Nutraceutical Ingredients market supply chain.      222
  • Figure 34. Agricultural biotechnology market supply chain.           227
  • Figure 35. Bio-textiles market supply chain.             234
  • Figure 36. AlgiKicks sneaker, made with the Algiknit biopolymer gel.       236
  • Figure 37. Biobased consumer goods market supply chain.          239
  • Figure 38. Biopharmaceuticals market supply chain.         241
  • Figure 39. Biobased cosmetics market supply chain.        244
  • Figure 40. Surfactants and detergents market supply chain.         246
  • Figure 41. Biobased construction materials market supply chain.            249
  • Figure 42. BioMason cement.             250
  • Figure 43. Microalgae based biocement masonry bloc.    250
  • Figure 44. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam.      251
  • Figure 45. Commercial mycelium composite construction materials.    252
  • Figure 46. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by market, 2018-2035 (Billion USD).        254
  • Figure 47. Global revenues for white biotechnology, by region, 2018-2035 (Billion USD).          256
  • Figure 48. Algiknit yarn.           266
  • Figure 49. ALGIECEL PhotoBioReactor.        267
  • Figure 50. Jelly-like seaweed-based nanocellulose hydrogel.       268
  • Figure 51. BIOLO e-commerce mailer bag made from PHA.           302
  • Figure 52. Domsjö process.  352
  • Figure 53. Mushroom leather.              356
  • Figure 54. PHA production process.               378
  • Figure 50. Light Bio Bioluminescent plants.              422
  • Figure 55. Lignin gel. 423
  • Figure 56. BioFlex process.   427
  • Figure 57. TransLeather.          432
  • Figure 58. Reishi.         448
  • Figure 59. Compostable water pod.               459
  • Figure 60.  Precision Photosynthesis™ technology.               488
  • Figure 61. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process.              489
  • Figure 62. Fabric consisting of 70 per cent wool and 30 per cent Qmilk.               492
  • Figure 63. Lyocell process.   509
  • Figure 64. Spider silk production.     515
  • Figure 65. Corbion FDCA production process.        529
  • Figure 66. UPM biorefinery process.               534
  • Figure 67. The Proesa® Process.        539
  • Figure 68. XtalPi’s automated and robot-run workstations.            546

 

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