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1639570610715
1639570610715

The Global Nanomaterials Market Report 2022-2032

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Technologies, Opportunities, Markets, Producers and Global Consumption to 2032

Published April 2022 | 530 pages, 186 figures, 276 tables | Download table of contents

Nanomaterials are increasingly becoming part of our daily lives and are already heavily used in products such as sunscreens (titanium dioxide/zinc oxide nanoparticles), sporting goods (carbon nanotubes, graphene etc.), automotive composites (nanotubes, graphene, cellulose nanofibers etc.) and high-definition TVs (quantum dots). There use is only going to increase due to continued industry demand for nanomaterials for current and next generation batteries, biomedical imaging and flexible electronics.

Their novel properties, that are not apparent in larger forms of the same material, has led to their desirability and exploitation in a wide range of applications. Nanomaterials can be defined as substances that are intentionally produced, manufactured or engineered to have specific properties and one or more dimensions typically between 1 and 100 nanometres. Most nanomaterials are produced in multi-tonne volumes in varying sizes, shapes, and also in surface coatings. Nanomaterials cover a range of materials inorganic metal and metal oxide nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials and polymeric particulate materials in a variety of forms.

The report offers:

  • In-depth analysis of the global market for nanomaterials, producers, and products.
  • Analysis of the following nanomaterials:
    • Aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, SWCNTs)
    • Cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Copper oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Dendrimers
    • Fullerenes
    • Gold nanoparticles
    • Graphene (Graphene oxide; nanoplatelets from liquid phase-exfoliation and intercalation exfoliation; CVD graphene film) .
    • Iron oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Nanocellulose (Cellulose nanofibers and cellulose nanocrystals)
    • Nanoclays
    • Nanodiamonds
    • Nanosilver
    • Nickel nanoparticles/powders
    • Quantum dots
    • Silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Zirconium oxidenanoparticles/powders
    • Carbon nanohorns
    • Nanoprecipitated calcium carbonate
    • Graphene quantum dots/Carbon quantum dots
    • Hydroxypatite nanoparticles/powders
    • Palladium nanoparticles/powders
    • Yttrium oxide nanoparticles/powders
    • Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs)
    • 2D materials. 
  • Assessment of nanomaterials market including production volumes, competitive landscape, commercial prospects, applications, demand by market and region, commercialization timelines, prices and producer profiles.
  • Analysis of global demand, including historical data from 2010, and projections to 2032, in metric tonnes.
  • Main application and product opportunities in nanomaterials.
  • Profiles of over 900 nanomaterials producers.

 

1              RESEARCH METHODOLOGY         43

  • 1.1          Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             44

 

2              INTRODUCTION 46

  • 2.1          Aims and objectives of the study               46
  • 2.2          Market definition             47
    • 2.2.1      Properties of nanomaterials        47
  • 2.3          Categorization of nanomaterials 48

 

3              THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOMATERIALS       50

  • 3.1          Production of nanomaterials       50
  • 3.2          Global consumption of nanomaterials     52
  • 3.3          ALUMINIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS 54
    • 3.3.1      Market overview             54
    • 3.3.2      Properties           55
    • 3.3.3      Markets and applications              56
    • 3.3.4      Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             57
    • 3.3.5      Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               58
      • 3.3.5.1   Consumption by market 59
        • 3.3.5.1.1               Market share 2020 (%)  59
        • 3.3.5.1.2               Market Share 2020 (MT)               60
        • 3.3.5.1.3               Market share 2032 (%)  61
        • 3.3.5.1.4               Market share 2032 (MT)               62
      • 3.3.5.2   Consumption by region 62
        • 3.3.5.2.1               Consumption by region 2021 (%)              62
        • 3.3.5.2.2               Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           63
        • 3.3.5.2.3               Consumption by region 2032(%) 63
        • 3.3.5.2.4               Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           64
    • 3.3.6      Prices    64
    • 3.3.7      Producers           64
  • 3.4          ANTIMONY TIN OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS          67
    • 3.4.1      Market overview             67
    • 3.4.2      Properties           68
    • 3.4.3      Markets and applications              68
    • 3.4.4      Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             69
    • 3.4.5      Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               69
      • 3.4.5.1   Consumption by market 71
        • 3.4.5.1.1               Market share 2020 (%)  71
        • 3.4.5.1.2               Market Share 2020 (MT)               72
        • 3.4.5.1.3               Market share 2032 (%)  72
        • 3.4.5.1.4               Market share 2032 (MT)               72
      • 3.4.5.2   Consumption by region 73
        • 3.4.5.2.1               Consumption by region 2021 (%)              73
        • 3.4.5.2.2               Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           73
        • 3.4.5.2.3               Consumption by region 2032 (%)              74
        • 3.4.5.2.4               Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           74
    • 3.4.6      Prices    75
    • 3.4.7      Producers           75
  • 3.5          BISMUTH OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS      78
    • 3.5.1      Market overview             78
    • 3.5.2      Properties           78
    • 3.5.3      Markets and applications              79
    • 3.5.4      Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             80
    • 3.5.5      Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               81
      • 3.5.5.1   Consumption by market 82
        • 3.5.5.1.1               Market share 2020 (%)  82
        • 3.5.5.1.2               Market Share 2020 (MT)               83
        • 3.5.5.1.3               Market share 2032 (%)  83
        • 3.5.5.1.4               Market share 2032(MT) 84
      • 3.5.5.2   Consumption by region 84
        • 3.5.5.2.1               Consumption by region 2021 (%)              84
        • 3.5.5.2.2               Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           85
        • 3.5.5.2.3               Consumption by region 2032 (%)              85
        • 3.5.5.2.4               Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           86
    • 3.5.6      Prices    86
    • 3.5.7      Producers           86
  • 3.6          CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS              88
    • 3.6.1      Market overview             88
    • 3.6.2      Properties           89
    • 3.6.3      Markets and applications              91
    • 3.6.4      Products              92
    • 3.6.5      Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             96
    • 3.6.6      Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               97
      • 3.6.6.1   Consumption by market 99
        • 3.6.6.1.1               Market share 2020 (%)  99
        • 3.6.6.1.2               Market Share 2020 (MT)               99
        • 3.6.6.1.3               Market share 2032 (%)  100
        • 3.6.6.1.4               Market share 2032 (MT)               101
      • 3.6.6.2   Consumption by region 102
        • 3.6.6.2.1               Consumption by region 2021 (%)              102
        • 3.6.6.2.2               Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           102
        • 3.6.6.2.3               Consumption by region 2032 (%)              103
        • 3.6.6.2.4               Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           103
    • 3.6.7      Prices    103
    • 3.6.8      Producers           105
  • 3.7          CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS         111
    • 3.7.1      Market overview             111
    • 3.7.2      Properties           112
    • 3.7.3      Markets and applications              112
    • 3.7.4      Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             114
    • 3.7.5      Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               114
      • 3.7.5.1   Consumption by market 116
        • 3.7.5.1.1               Market share 2020 (%)  116
        • 3.7.5.1.2               Market Share 2020 (MT)               116
        • 3.7.5.1.3               Market share 2032 (%)  117
        • 3.7.5.1.4               Market share 2032(MT) 117
      • 3.7.5.2   Consumption by region 118
        • 3.7.5.2.1               Consumption by region 2021 (%)              118
        • 3.7.5.2.2               Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           118
        • 3.7.5.2.3               Consumption by region 2032 (%)              119
        • 3.7.5.2.4               Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           119
    • 3.7.6      Prices    120
    • 3.7.7      Producers           120
  • 3.8          COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS         122
    • 3.8.1      Market overview             122
    • 3.8.2      Properties           123
    • 3.8.3      Markets and applications              123
    • 3.8.4      Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             124
    • 3.8.5      Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               124
      • 3.8.5.1   Consumption by market 126
        • 3.8.5.1.1               Market share 2021(%)    126
        • 3.8.5.1.2               Market share 2021(MT) 126
        • 3.8.5.1.3               Market share 2032(%)    127
        • 3.8.5.1.4               Market share 2032 (MT)               127
      • 3.8.5.2   Consumption by region 128
        • 3.8.5.2.1               Consumption by region 2021 (%)              128
        • 3.8.5.2.2               Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           128
        • 3.8.5.2.3               Consumption by region 2032 (%)              129
        • 3.8.5.2.4               Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           129
    • 3.8.6      Prices    130
  • 3.8.7      Producers           130
  • 3.9          COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS         132
    • 3.9.1      Market overview             132
    • 3.9.2      Properties           133
    • 3.9.3      Markets and applications              133
    • 3.9.4      Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             135
    • 3.9.5      Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               135
      • 3.9.5.1   Consumption by market 137
        • 3.9.5.1.1               Market share 2021(%)    137
        • 3.9.5.1.2               Market share 2021(MT) 137
        • 3.9.5.1.3               Market share 2032(%)    138
        • 3.9.5.1.4               Market share 2032 (MT)               138
      • 3.9.5.2   Consumption by region 139
        • 3.9.5.2.1               Consumption by region 2021 (%)              139
        • 3.9.5.2.2               Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           140
        • 3.9.5.2.3               Consumption by region 2032 (%)              140
        • 3.9.5.2.4               Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           141
    • 3.9.6      Prices    141
    • 3.9.7      Producers           142
  • 3.10        DENDRIMERS     144
    • 3.10.1    Market overview             144
    • 3.10.2    Properties           145
      • 3.10.2.1                Types    145
    • 3.10.3    Markets and applications              147
    • 3.10.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             148
    • 3.10.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               148
      • 3.10.5.1                Consumption by market 150
        • 3.10.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    150
        • 3.10.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 150
        • 3.10.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  151
        • 3.10.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               151
      • 3.10.5.2                Consumption by region 152
        • 3.10.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              152
        • 3.10.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           152
        • 3.10.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              153
        • 3.10.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032(MT)             153
    • 3.10.6    Prices    154
    • 3.10.7    Producers           154
  • 3.11        FULLERENES       156
    • 3.11.1    Market overview             156
    • 3.11.2    Properties           157
    • 3.11.3    Products              157
    • 3.11.4    Markets and applications              158
    • 3.11.5    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             159
    • 3.11.6    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               159
      • 3.11.6.1                Consumption by market 161
        • 3.11.6.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    161
        • 3.11.6.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 161
        • 3.11.6.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  162
        • 3.11.6.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               162
      • 3.11.6.2                Demand by region           163
        • 3.11.6.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              163
        • 3.11.6.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           163
        • 3.11.6.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              164
        • 3.11.6.2.4             Consumption by region 2032(MT)             164
    • 3.11.7    Prices    164
    • 3.11.8    Producers           165
  • 3.12        GOLD NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS (Au-NPs)        168
    • 3.12.1    Market overview             168
    • 3.12.2    Properties           169
    • 3.12.3    Markets and applications              169
    • 3.12.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             170
    • 3.12.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               171
      • 3.12.5.1                Consumption by market 172
        • 3.12.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    173
        • 3.12.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 173
        • 3.12.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  174
        • 3.12.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               174
      • 3.12.5.2                Consumption by region 174
        • 3.12.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              175
        • 3.12.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           175
        • 3.12.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              176
        • 3.12.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           176
    • 3.12.6    Prices    177
    • 3.12.7    Producers           177
  • 3.13        GRAPHENE         180
    • 3.13.1    Market overview             180
    • 3.13.2    Properties           181
    • 3.13.3    Markets and applications              182
    • 3.13.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             192
    • 3.13.5    Products              193
    • 3.13.6    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               195
      • 3.13.6.1                Consumption by market 200
        • 3.13.6.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    200
        • 3.13.6.1.2             Market share 2032 (%)  201
        • 3.13.6.1.3             Market 2018-2032 (MT) 202
      • 3.13.6.2                Consumption by region 203
        • 3.13.6.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              204
        • 3.13.6.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           204
        • 3.13.6.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              205
        • 3.13.6.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           205
    • 3.13.7    Prices    206
    • 3.13.8    Producers           206
  • 3.14        IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS               216
    • 3.14.1    Market overview             216
    • 3.14.2    Properties           217
    • 3.14.3    Markets and applications              217
    • 3.14.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             218
    • 3.14.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               219
      • 3.14.5.1                Consumption by market 221
        • 3.14.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    221
        • 3.14.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 221
        • 3.14.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  222
        • 3.14.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               222
      • 3.14.5.2                Consumption by region 223
        • 3.14.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              223
        • 3.14.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           223
        • 3.14.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              224
        • 3.14.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           224
    • 3.14.6    Prices    225
    • 3.14.7    Producers           225
  • 3.15        MAGNESIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS              229
    • 3.15.1    Market overview             229
    • 3.15.2    Properties           229
    • 3.15.3    Markets and applications              230
    • 3.15.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             231
    • 3.15.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               231
      • 3.15.5.1                Consumption by market 233
        • 3.15.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    233
        • 3.15.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 233
        • 3.15.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  234
        • 3.15.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               234
      • 3.15.5.2                Consumption by region 235
        • 3.15.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              235
        • 3.15.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           235
        • 3.15.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              236
        • 3.15.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           236
    • 3.15.6    Prices    236
    • 3.15.7    Producers           237
  • 3.16        MANGANESE OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS               240
    • 3.16.1    Market overview             240
    • 3.16.2    Properties           240
    • 3.16.3    Markets and applications              241
    • 3.16.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             241
    • 3.16.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               242
      • 3.16.5.1                Consumption by market 243
        • 3.16.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    243
        • 3.16.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 244
        • 3.16.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  244
        • 3.16.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               245
      • 3.16.5.2                Consumption by region 245
        • 3.16.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              245
        • 3.16.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           246
        • 3.16.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              246
        • 3.16.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           247
    • 3.16.6    Prices    247
    • 3.16.7    Producers           247
  • 3.17        MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCNT)               249
    • 3.17.1    Market overview             249
    • 3.17.2    Properties           250
    • 3.17.3    Markets and applications              251
    • 3.17.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             256
    • 3.17.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               257
      • 3.17.5.1                Consumption by market 259
        • 3.17.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    260
        • 3.17.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 261
        • 3.17.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  262
        • 3.17.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               263
      • 3.17.5.2                Consumption by region 263
        • 3.17.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              264
        • 3.17.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           264
        • 3.17.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              265
        • 3.17.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032(MT)             265
    • 3.17.6    Prices    266
    • 3.17.7    Producers           267
  • 3.18        NANOCLAYS       272
    • 3.18.1    Market overview             272
    • 3.18.2    Properties           272
    • 3.18.3    Markets and applications              273
    • 3.18.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             275
    • 3.18.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               275
      • 3.18.5.1                Consumption by market 276
        • 3.18.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    277
        • 3.18.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 277
        • 3.18.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  278
        • 3.18.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               278
      • 3.18.5.2                Consumption by region 279
        • 3.18.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              279
        • 3.18.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           279
        • 3.18.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              280
        • 3.18.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           280
    • 3.18.6    Prices    281
    • 3.18.7    Producers           281
  • 3.19        NANODIAMONDS            284
    • 3.19.1    Market overview             284
    • 3.19.2    Properties           284
      • 3.19.2.1                Types    285
      • 3.19.2.2                Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs)          287
    • 3.19.3    Markets and applications              288
    • 3.19.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             291
    • 3.19.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               292
      • 3.19.5.1                Consumption by market 293
        • 3.19.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    293
        • 3.19.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 293
        • 3.19.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  294
        • 3.19.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               294
      • 3.19.5.2                Consumption by region 295
        • 3.19.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              295
        • 3.19.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           295
        • 3.19.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              296
        • 3.19.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           296
    • 3.19.6    Prices    297
    • 3.19.7    Producers           299
  • 3.20        NANOFIBERS     303
    • 3.20.1    Market overview             303
    • 3.20.2    Properties           303
      • 3.20.2.1                Types    303
        • 3.20.2.1.1             Polymer nanofibers        305
        • 3.20.2.1.2             Alumina nanofibers        305
      • 3.20.2.1.3             Carbon nanofibers           305
    • 3.20.3    Markets and applications              306
    • 3.20.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             307
    • 3.20.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               308
      • 3.20.5.1                Consumption by market 308
        • 3.20.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    308
        • 3.20.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 309
        • 3.20.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  309
        • 3.20.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               310
      • 3.20.5.2                Consumption by region 310
        • 3.20.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              310
        • 3.20.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           311
        • 3.20.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              311
        • 3.20.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           312
    • 3.20.6    Producers           312
  • 3.21        NANOSILVER     317
    • 3.21.1    Market overview             317
    • 3.21.2    Properties           317
    • 3.21.3    Markets and applications              318
    • 3.21.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             319
    • 3.21.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               320
      • 3.21.5.1                Consumption by market 321
        • 3.21.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    321
        • 3.21.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 322
        • 3.21.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  322
        • 3.21.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               323
      • 3.21.5.2                Consumption by region 323
        • 3.21.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              323
        • 3.21.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           324
        • 3.21.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              324
        • 3.21.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           325
    • 3.21.6    Prices    325
    • 3.21.7    Producers           325
  • 3.22        NICKEL NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS        328
    • 3.22.1    Market overview             328
    • 3.22.2    Properties           329
    • 3.22.3    Markets and applications              329
    • 3.22.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             329
    • 3.22.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               330
      • 3.22.5.1                Consumption by market 331
        • 3.22.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    331
        • 3.22.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 332
        • 3.22.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  332
        • 3.22.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               333
      • 3.22.5.2                Consumption by region 333
        • 3.22.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              333
        • 3.22.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           334
        • 3.22.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              334
        • 3.22.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           335
    • 3.22.6    Prices    335
    • 3.22.7    Producers           335
  • 3.23        QUANTUM DOTS             337
    • 3.23.1    Market overview             337
    • 3.23.2    Properties           338
      • 3.23.2.1                Cadmium QDs    339
      • 3.23.2.2                Cadmium-free QDs         339
    • 3.23.3    Markets and applications              339
    • 3.23.4    Products              341
    • 3.23.5    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             343
    • 3.23.6    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               344
      • 3.23.6.1                Consumption by market 345
        • 3.23.6.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    346
        • 3.23.6.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 347
        • 3.23.6.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  347
        • 3.23.6.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               348
      • 3.23.6.2                Consumption by region 348
        • 3.23.6.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              348
        • 3.23.6.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           349
        • 3.23.6.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              349
        • 3.23.6.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           350
    • 3.23.7    Prices    350
    • 3.23.8    Producers           351
  • 3.24        SILICON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS         354
    • 3.24.1    Market overview             354
    • 3.24.2    Properties           355
    • 3.24.3    Markets and applications              355
    • 3.24.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             356
    • 3.24.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               357
      • 3.24.5.1                Consumption by market 358
        • 3.24.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    358
        • 3.24.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 359
        • 3.24.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  359
        • 3.24.5.1.4             Market share 2021(MT) 360
      • 3.24.5.2                Consumption by region 360
        • 3.24.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              360
        • 3.24.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           361
        • 3.24.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              361
        • 3.24.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           362
    • 3.24.6    Prices    362
    • 3.24.7    Producers           362
  • 3.25        SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (SWCNT) 367
    • 3.25.1    Market overview             367
    • 3.25.2    Properties           368
    • 3.25.3    Markets and applications              371
    • 3.25.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             373
    • 3.25.5    Prices    374
    • 3.25.6    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               375
    • 3.25.7    Producers           376
  • 3.26        TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS 378
    • 3.26.1    Market overview             378
    • 3.26.2    Properties           379
      • 3.26.2.1                Photocatalytic   379
      • 3.26.2.2                UV-filter              379
    • 3.26.3    Markets and applications              380
    • 3.26.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             380
    • 3.26.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               381
      • 3.26.5.1                Consumption by market 383
        • 3.26.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    383
        • 3.26.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 383
        • 3.26.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  384
        • 3.26.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               384
      • 3.26.5.2                Consumption by region 385
        • 3.26.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              385
        • 3.26.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           386
        • 3.26.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              386
        • 3.26.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032(MT)             387
    • 3.26.6    Producers           387
  • 3.27        ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS 390
    • 3.27.1    Market overview             390
    • 3.27.2    Properties           391
    • 3.27.3    Markets and applications              391
    • 3.27.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             394
    • 3.27.5    Global consumption in metric tonnes, 2010-2032               395
      • 3.27.5.1                Consumption by market 397
        • 3.27.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    397
        • 3.27.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 398
        • 3.27.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  398
        • 3.27.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               399
      • 3.27.5.2                Consumption by region 399
        • 3.27.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              399
        • 3.27.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           400
        • 3.27.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              400
        • 3.27.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032 (MT)           401
    • 3.27.6    Producers           401
  • 3.28        ZIRCONIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES/POWDERS 405
    • 3.28.1    Market overview             405
    • 3.28.2    Properties           406
    • 3.28.3    Markets and applications              406
    • 3.28.4    Technology Readiness Level (TRL)             408
    • 3.28.5    Global consumption in metric tons, 2010-2032     408
      • 3.28.5.1                Consumption by market 410
        • 3.28.5.1.1             Market share 2021(%)    410
        • 3.28.5.1.2             Market share 2021(MT) 411
        • 3.28.5.1.3             Market share 2032 (%)  411
        • 3.28.5.1.4             Market share 2032 (MT)               412
      • 3.28.5.2                Consumption by region 412
        • 3.28.5.2.1             Consumption by region 2021 (%)              412
        • 3.28.5.2.2             Consumption by region 2021 (MT)           413
        • 3.28.5.2.3             Consumption by region 2032 (%)              413
        • 3.28.5.2.4             Consumption by region 2032(MT)             414
    • 3.28.6    Prices    414
    • 3.28.7    Producers           415
  • 3.29        OTHER NANOMATERIALS             419
    • 3.29.1    Carbon Nanohorns (CNHs)           419
      • 3.29.1.1                Properties           419
      • 3.29.1.2                Markets and applications              419
    • 3.29.2    Cellullose nanocrystals  420
      • 3.29.2.1                Synthesis             420
      • 3.29.2.2                Properties           423
      • 3.29.2.3                Markets and applications              424
      • 3.29.2.4                Prices    426
      • 3.29.2.5                Production          426
    • 3.29.3    Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs)            427
      • 3.29.3.1                Properties           427
      • 3.29.3.2                Markets and applications              428
      • 3.29.3.3                Prices    429
    • 3.29.4    Erbium oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders           429
      • 3.29.4.1                Properties, applications, prices and producers.   429
    • 3.29.5    Indium oxide nanoparticles/powders      430
      • 3.29.5.1                Properties           430
    • 3.29.6    Molybdenum nanoparticles/powders     430
      • 3.29.6.1                Properties           430
    • 3.29.7    Perovskite quantum dots             431
      • 3.29.7.1                Properties           431
        • 3.29.7.1.1             Comparison to conventional quantum dots          432
      • 3.29.7.2                Synthesis methods          433
      • 3.29.7.3                Applications       433
        • 3.29.7.3.1             Displays                434
    • 3.29.8    Carbon quantum dots (CDs)        436
      • 3.29.8.1                Properties           436
      • 3.29.8.2                Markets and applications              437
    • 3.29.9    Graphene quantum dots              438
      • 3.29.9.1                Composition      438
      • 3.29.9.2                Comparison to quantum dots     439
      • 3.29.9.3                Properties           440
      • 3.29.9.4                Synthesis             440
        • 3.29.9.4.1             Top-down method          440
        • 3.29.9.4.2             Bottom-up method         441
        • 3.29.9.4.3             Comparison of synthesis methods            442
      • 3.29.9.5                Markets and applications              443
      • 3.29.9.6                Producers           446
  • 3.30        OTHER 2D MATERIALS   447
    • 3.30.1    Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2D materials              450
    • 3.30.2    Production methods       452
      • 3.30.2.1                Top-down exfoliation     452
      • 3.30.2.2                Mechanical exfoliation method 453
      • 3.30.2.3                Liquid exfoliation method            453
    • 3.30.3    Bottom-up synthesis      453
      • 3.30.3.1                Chemical synthesis in solution    453
      • 3.30.3.2                Chemical vapor deposition           454
    • 3.30.4    Types of 2D materials     455
      • 3.30.4.1                Hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN)/boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)           455
        • 3.30.4.1.1             Properties           455
        • 3.30.4.1.2             Applications and markets             456
      • 3.30.4.2                MXenes               458
        • 3.30.4.2.1             Properties           458
        • 3.30.4.2.2             Applications       458
      • 3.30.4.3                Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) 460
        • 3.30.4.3.1             Properties           461
        • 3.30.4.3.2             Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2)               461
        • 3.30.4.3.3             Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2)        461
      • 3.30.4.4                Borophene         464
        • 3.30.4.4.1             Properties           464
        • 3.30.4.4.2             Applications       465
      • 3.30.4.5                Phosphorene/ Black phosphorus              466
        • 3.30.4.5.1             Properties           466
        • 3.30.4.5.2             Applications       467
      • 3.30.4.6                Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)             469
        • 3.30.4.6.1             Properties           469
        • 3.30.4.6.2             C2N        470
        • 3.30.4.6.3             Applications       470
      • 3.30.4.7                Germanene       471
        • 3.30.4.7.1             Properties           471
        • 3.30.4.7.2             Applications       472
      • 3.30.4.8                Graphdiyne        473
        • 3.30.4.8.1             Properties           474
        • 3.30.4.8.2             Applications       474
      • 3.30.4.9                Graphane            476
        • 3.30.4.9.1             Properties           476
        • 3.30.4.9.2             Applications       477
      • 3.30.4.10              Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) and diselenide (ReSe2)               477
        • 3.30.4.10.1          Properties           477
        • 3.30.4.10.2          Applications       477
      • 3.30.4.11              Silicene 478
        • 3.30.4.11.1          Properties           478
        • 3.30.4.11.2          Applications       478
      • 3.30.4.12              Stanene/tinene 480
        • 3.30.4.12.1          Properties           480
        • 3.30.4.12.2          Applications       481
      • 3.30.4.13              Antimonene      481
        • 3.30.4.13.1          Properties           481
        • 3.30.4.13.2          Applications       481
      • 3.30.4.14              Indium selenide 482
        • 3.30.4.14.1          Properties           482
        • 3.30.4.14.2          Applications       482
      • 3.30.4.15              Layered double hydroxides (LDH)             483
        • 3.30.4.15.1          Properties           483
        • 3.30.4.15.2          Applications       483
    • 3.30.5    2D Materials producers and suppliers     485

 

4              REFERENCES       506

 

LIST OF TABLES

  • Table 1. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Examples.       44
  • Table 2. Categorization of nanomaterials.              48
  • Table 3. The Global market for nanomaterials in 2020-consumption, market characteristics and growth prospects.                50
  • Table 4. Global consumption of nanomaterials in metric tonnes (MT), 2010-2032.                52
  • Table 5. Market overview for aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.    54
  • Table 6. Markets, benefits and applications of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders. 56
  • Table 7. Global consumption of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders (MT), 2010-2032.             58
  • Table 8. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (MT)            60
  • Table 9. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders market consumption 2031 (MT).            62
  • Table 10. Consumption of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT). 63
  • Table 11. Consumption of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT). 64
  • Table 12. Prices of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders from producers & distributors.            64
  • Table 13. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders producer profiles.      64
  • Table 14. Market summary for antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.              67
  • Table 15. Markets, benefits and applications of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders            68
  • Table 16. Global consumption of antimony tin oxide, in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.              69
  • Table 17. Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (MT).    72
  • Table 18. Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders market consumption 2031 (MT).     72
  • Table 19. Consumption of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).            73
  • Table 20. Consumption of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).            74
  • Table 21. Prices of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders.    75
  • Table 22. Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders/nanopowders producers and suppliers.       75
  • Table 23. Market overview bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       78
  • Table 24. Markets, benefits and applications of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders 79
  • Table 25. Global consumption of bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.         81
  • Table 26. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (MT).             83
  • Table 27. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).              84
  • Table 28. Consumption of bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).     85
  • Table 29. Consumption of bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032(MT).      86
  • Table 30. Prices of bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders.             86
  • Table 31. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders/nanopowders producers and suppliers. 86
  • Table 32. Market overview for nanocellulose-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.             88
  • Table 33. Properties of nanocellulose, by type.   90
  • Table 34. Markets and applications of nanocellulose.       91
  • Table 35. Nanocellulose-based commercial products.      92
  • Table 36. CNF production capacities and production process, by producer.             97
  • Table 37. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF)  Market Share 2020 (MT).    99
  • Table 38. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF)  Market share 2032 (MT).    101
  • Table 39. Consumption of Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) by region 2021 (MT).            102
  • Table 40. Consumption of Cellulose nanofibers (CNF)  by region 2032 (MT).           103
  • Table 41. Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanofiber producers.        104
  • Table 42. Nanocellulose producers.         105
  • Table 43. Market overview for cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.              111
  • Table 44. Markets, benefits and applications of cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders.      112
  • Table 45. Global consumption of cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders (MT), 2010-2032.  114
  • Table 46. Cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (MT). 116
  • Table 47. Cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT). 117
  • Table 48. Consumption of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).      118
  • Table 49. Consumption of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).      119
  • Table 50. Prices of cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders. 120
  • Table 51. Cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders and nanopowders producers and suppliers.           120
  • Table 52. Market overview for cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       122
  • Table 53. Markets, benefits and applications of cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders.        123
  • Table 54. Global consumption of cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders (MT), 2010-2032.   124
  • Table 55. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).   126
  • Table 56. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT). 127
  • Table 57. Consumption of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).       128
  • Table 58. Consumption of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).       129
  • Table 59. Prices of cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders. 130
  • Table 60. Market overview for copper oxide nanoparticles/powders -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.              132
  • Table 61. Markets, benefits and applications of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders.      133
  • Table 62. Global consumption of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders (MT), 2010-2032.  135
  • Table 63. Copper oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT). 137
  • Table 64. Copper oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT). 138
  • Table 65. Consumption of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).       140
  • Table 66. Consumption of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).       141
  • Table 67. Example prices of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders.             141
  • Table 68. Copper and copper oxide nanoparticles/powders and nanopowders producers and suppliers.   142
  • Table 69. Market overview for dendrimers -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.      144
  • Table 70. Types of dendrimer.    145
  • Table 71. Markets, benefits and applications of dendrimers.         147
  • Table 72. Global consumption of dendrimers in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.             148
  • Table 73. Dendrimers Market share 2021(MT).    150
  • Table 74. Dendrimers Market share 2032 (MT).  151
  • Table 75. Consumption of dendrimers by region 2021 (MT).         152
  • Table 76. Consumption of dendrimers by region 2032 (MT).         153
  • Table 77. Example prices of dendrimers. 154
  • Table 78. Dendrimers producers.              154
  • Table 79. Market overview for fullerenes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.      156
  • Table 80. Types of fullerenes and applications.    157
  • Table 81. Products incorporating fullerenes.        158
  • Table 82. Markets, benefits and applications of fullerenes.            158
  • Table 83. Global consumption of fullerenes in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.                159
  • Table 84. Fullerenes Market share 2021(MT).      161
  • Table 85. Fullerenes Market share 2032 (MT).     162
  • Table 86. Consumption of fullerenes by region 2021 (MT).             163
  • Table 87. Consumption of fullerenes by region 2032 (MT).             164
  • Table 88. Example prices of fullerenes.   165
  • Table 89. Fullerene producers and suppliers.       165
  • Table 90. Market overview for gold nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       168
  • Table 91. Markets, benefits and applications of gold nanoparticles/powders.        169
  • Table 92. Global consumption of gold nanoparticles in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.                171
  • Table 93. Gold nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).  173
  • Table 94. Gold nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT). 174
  • Table 95. Consumption of gold nanoparticles by region 2021 (MT).            175
  • Table 96. Consumption of gold nanoparticles by region 2032 (MT).            176
  • Table 97. Price of gold nanoparticles/powders.  177
  • Table 98. Gold nanoparticle producers and suppliers.      177
  • Table 99. Market overview for graphene-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.      180
  • Table 100. Properties of graphene.          181
  • Table 101. Markets, benefits and applications of graphene.          182
  • Table 102. Products incorporating graphene.      193
  • Table 103. Main graphene producers by country, annual production capacities, types and main markets they sell into 2020.     195
  • Table 104. Consumption of graphene (tons), 2018-2032. 198
  • Table 105. Consumption of graphene by region 2021 (MT).           204
  • Table 106. Consumption of graphene by region 2032 (MT).           205
  • Table 107. Graphene types and cost per kg.          206
  • Table 108. Graphene producers and suppliers.    206
  • Table 109. Market overview for iron oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       216
  • Table 110. Markets, benefits and applications of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders.          218
  • Table 111. Global consumption of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.               219
  • Table 112. Iron oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).     221
  • Table 113. Iron oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).    222
  • Table 114. Consumption of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).           223
  • Table 115. Consumption of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).           224
  • Table 116. Example prices of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders. 225
  • Table 117. Iron oxide nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers.              225
  • Table 118. Market overview for magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, market estimates, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       229
  • Table 119. Markets, benefits and applications of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders.           230
  • Table 120. Global consumption of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.               231
  • Table 121. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).      233
  • Table 122. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).    234
  • Table 123. Consumption of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).            235
  • Table 124. Consumption of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).            236
  • Table 125. Example prices of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders/nanopowders.    237
  • Table 126. Magnesium oxid nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers. 237
  • Table 127. Market overview for manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.              240
  • Table 128. Markets, benefits and applications of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders.           241
  • Table 129. Global consumption of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032, 2010-2032.                242
  • Table 130. Manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).      244
  • Table 131. Manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).     245
  • Table 132. Consumption of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).            246
  • Table 133. Consumption of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).            247
  • Table 134. Example prices of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders.  247
  • Table 135. Manganese oxide nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers.               247
  • Table 136. Market overview for multi-walled carbon nanotubes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       249
  • Table 137. Properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and comparable materials.          250
  • Table 138. Markets, benefits and applications of multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT).         251
  • Table 139. Key MWCNT producers production capacities 2021.    257
  • Table 140. Global consumption of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in metric tonnes, 2010-2032     257
  • Table 141. MWCNT Market share 2021(MT).        261
  • Table 142. MWCNT Market share 2032 (MT).      263
  • Table 143. Consumption of MWCNT by region 2032 (MT).             264
  • Table 144. Consumption of MWCNT by region 2032 (MT).             265
  • Table 145. Carbon nanotubes pricing (MWCNTS, SWCNT etc.) by producer.           266
  • Table 146. Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) producers and suppliers.      267
  • Table 147. Market overview for nanoclays -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.      272
  • Table 148. Markets, benefits and applications of nanoclays.          274
  • Table 149. Global consumption of nanoclays in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.              275
  • Table 150. Nanoclays Market share 2021(MT).    277
  • Table 151. Nanoclays Market share 2032 (MT).   278
  • Table 152. Consumption of nanoclays by region 2021 (MT).          279
  • Table 153. Consumption of nanoclays by region 2032 (MT).          280
  • Table 154. Example prices of nanoclays. 281
  • Table 155. Main nanoclays producers and products.         281
  • Table 156. Market summary for nanodiamonds-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.             284
  • Table 157. Properties of nanodiamonds. 287
  • Table 158. Markets, benefits and applications of nanodiamonds. 288
  • Table 159. Nanodiamonds Market share 2021(MT).          293
  • Table 160. Nanodiamonds Market share 2032 (MT).         294
  • Table 161. Consumption of nanodiamonds by region 2021 (MT). 295
  • Table 162. Consumption of nanodiamonds by region 2032 (MT). 296
  • Table 163. Pricing of nanodiamonds, by producer/distributor.     297
  • Table 164. Production methods, by main ND producers. 299
  • Table 165. Nanodiamond producers and suppliers.           299
  • Table 166. Market summary for nanofibers- Selling grade particle diameter, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.      303
  • Table 167. Nanofibers types, properties and applications.              303
  • Table 168. Applications of polymer, alumina, carbon and other nanofibers.           306
  • Table 169. Nanofibers Market share 2021(MT).   309
  • Table 170. Nanofibers Market share 2032 (MT). 310
  • Table 171. Consumption of Nanofibers by region 2021 (MT).        311
  • Table 172. Consumption of Nanofibers by region 2032 (MT).        312
  • Table 173. Nanofibers producers.             312
  • Table 174. Market overview for nanosilver-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.      317
  • Table 175. Markets, benefits and applications of nanosilver.         318
  • Table 176. Global consumption of nanosilver in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.             320
  • Table 177. Nanosilver Market share 2021(MT).    322
  • Table 178. Nanosilver Market share 2032 (MT).  323
  • Table 179. Consumption of nanosilver by region 2021 (MT).         324
  • Table 180. Consumption of nanosilver by region 2032 (MT).         325
  • Table 181. Prices of nanosilver.  325
  • Table 182. Nanosilver producers.              325
  • Table 183. Market overview for nickel nanoparticles/powders -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       328
  • Table 184. Markets, benefits and applications of nickel nanoparticles/powders.  329
  • Table 185. Global consumption of nickel nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.       330
  • Table 186. Nickel nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).             332
  • Table 187. Nickel nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).           333
  • Table 188. Consumption of nickel nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).   334
  • Table 189. Consumption of nickel nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).   335
  • Table 190. Example prices of nickel nanoparticles/powders.         335
  • Table 191. Nickel nanoparticle/nanopowders producers and suppliers.    335
  • Table 192. Market overview for quantum dots -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.             337
  • Table 193. Markets, benefits and applications of quantum dots.  339
  • Table 194. Quantum dot display products.            341
  • Table 195. Global consumption of quantum dots in metric tonnes, 2018-2032.      344
  • Table 196. Quantum dots Market share 2021(MT).            347
  • Table 197. Quantum dots Market share 2032 (MT).          348
  • Table 198. Consumption of quantum dots by region 2021 (MT).  349
  • Table 199. Consumption of quantum dots by region 2032 (MT).  350
  • Table 200. Example prices of quantum dots.        350
  • Table 201. Quantum dot producers and suppliers.             351
  • Table 202. Market overview for silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.              354
  • Table 203. Markets, benefits and applications of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders.     355
  • Table 204. Global consumption  of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032          357
  • Table 205. Silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT). 359
  • Table 206. Silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).               360
  • Table 207. Consumption of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).      361
  • Table 208. Consumption of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).      362
  • Table 209. Example prices of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders.            362
  • Table 210. Silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders/nanopowders producers and suppliers.  362
  • Table 211. Market overview for single-walled carbon nanotubes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       367
  • Table 212. Properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes.              369
  • Table 213. Typical properties of SWCNT and MWCNT.     370
  • Table 214. Markets, benefits and applications of single-walled Carbon Nanotubes.            371
  • Table 215. SWCNT prices.             374
  • Table 216. Annual production capacity of the key SWCNT producers,        375
  • Table 217. Global consumption of SWCNTs in metric tonnes, 2018-2032. 375
  • Table 218. SWCNT producers.    376
  • Table 219. Market overview for titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.              378
  • Table 220. Markets, benefits and applications of titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders.             380
  • Table 221. Global consumption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.  381
  • Table 222. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).        383
  • Table 223. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).      384
  • Table 224. Consumption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).              386
  • Table 225. Consumption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).              387
  • Table 226. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders/nanopowders producers and suppliers.         387
  • Table 227. Market overview for zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.       390
  • Table 228. Markets and applications for zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders.           392
  • Table 229. Main Zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders-Suppliers, products, primary particle size.        393
  • Table 230. Global consumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.               396
  • Table 231. ZInc oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).     398
  • Table 232. ZInc oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).    399
  • Table 233. Consumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).           400
  • Table 234. Consumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).           401
  • Table 235. Zinc oxide nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers,              401
  • Table 236. Market overview for zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.              405
  • Table 237. Markets, benefits and applications of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders.              406
  • Table 238. Global consumption of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tons, 2010-2032.        408
  • Table 239. Zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(MT).         411
  • Table 240. Zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (MT).        412
  • Table 241. Consumption of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (MT).               413
  • Table 242. Consumption of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (MT).               414
  • Table 243. Prices of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders.       414
  • Table 244. Zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders/nanopowders producers and suppliers.           415
  • Table 245. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC).   421
  • Table 246. CNC sources, size and yield.   422
  • Table 247. CNC properties.          423
  • Table 248. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials.       424
  • Table 249. Applications of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). 424
  • Table 250. Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanocrystal producers.  426
  • Table 251: Cellulose nanocrystal production capacities and production process, by producer.        426
  • Table 252. Comparative properties of BNNTs and CNTs.  428
  • Table 253. Applications of BNNTs.            428
  • Table 254. BNNT pricing by producer.     429
  • Table 255. Erbium oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders-Properties, applications, prices and producers.        429
  • Table 256. Indium oxide nanoparticles/powders-Properties, applications, prices and producers.   430
  • Table 257. Molybdenum nanoparticles/powders-Properties, applications, prices and producers.  430
  • Table 258. Comparative properties of conventional QDs and Perovskite QDs.        432
  • Table 259. Applications of perovskite QDs.           433
  • Table 260. Development roadmap for perovskite QDs.    434
  • Table 261. Properties of perovskite QLEDs comparative to OLED and QLED.            435
  • Table 262. Applications of carbon quantum dots.               437
  • Table 263. Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs.             439
  • Table 264. Advantages and disadvantages of methods for preparing GQDs.            442
  • Table 265. Applications of graphene quantum dots.         444
  • Table 266. Graphene quantum dots companies. 446
  • Table 267. 2D materials types.   450
  • Table 268. Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2-D nanomaterials.           450
  • Table 269. Comparison of  top-down exfoliation methods to produce 2D materials.            452
  • Table 270. Comparison of the bottom-up synthesis methods to produce 2D materials.      454
  • Table 271. Properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). 456
  • Table 272. Electronic and mechanical properties of monolayer phosphorene, graphene and MoS2.            466
  • Table 273. Properties and applications of functionalized germanene.       472
  • Table 274. GDY-based anode materials in LIBs and SIBs   475
  • Table 275. Physical and electronic properties of Stanene.              480
  • Table 276. 2D Materials producers and suppliers.              485

 

LIST OF FIGURES

  • Figure 1. Global production volume of nanomaterials in metric tonnes (MT), 2010-2032.  53
  • Figure 2. Technology Readiness Level for aluminium oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders. 58
  • Figure 3. Global consumption of aluminium oxide nanopowders/particles (MT), 2010-2032.           59
  • Figure 4. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (%).            60
  • Figure 5. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).            61
  • Figure 6. Consumption of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).    62
  • Figure 7. Consumption of aluminium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).    63
  • Figure 8. Stage of commercial development for Antimony Tin Oxide Nanoparticles/powders.        69
  • Figure 9. Global consumption of antimony tin oxide, in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.               70
  • Figure 10. Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (%).     71
  • Figure 11. Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).      72
  • Figure 12. Consumption of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).             73
  • Figure 13. Consumption of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).             74
  • Figure 14. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles/powders. 80
  • Figure 15. Global consumption of bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.       82
  • Figure 16. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (%).               83
  • Figure 17. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).               84
  • Figure 18. Consumption of bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).      84
  • Figure 19. Consumption of bismuth oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).      85
  • Figure 20. Dorayaki.        92
  • Figure 21. ENASAVE NEXT.           93
  • Figure 22. GEL-KAYANO™.           93
  • Figure 23. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 94
  • Figure 24. "Poise" series Super strong deodorant sheet. 94
  • Figure 25. SC-3 (B) speakers.       94
  • Figure 26. SE-MONITOR5 headphones.   95
  • Figure 27. "Skin Care Acty" series Adult diapers. 95
  • Figure 28. "SURISURI" Lotion.     95
  • Figure 29. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for nanocellulose.   96
  • Figure 30. Global consumption of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.     98
  • Figure 31. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) Market Share 2020 (%).      99
  • Figure 32. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) Market share 2032 (%).      101
  • Figure 33. Consumption of Cellulose nanofibers (CNF)  by region 2021 (%)              102
  • Figure 34. Consumption of Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) by region 2032 (%)               103
  • Figure 35. Technology Readiness Level (TRL)) for cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders.    114
  • Figure 36. Global consumption of cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders (MT), 2010-2032. 115
  • Figure 37. Cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market Share 2020 (%)  116
  • Figure 38. Cerium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%)   117
  • Figure 39. Consumption of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).       118
  • Figure 40. Consumption of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).       119
  • Figure 41. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles/powders.     124
  • Figure 42. Global consumption of cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders (MT), 2010-2032.  125
  • Figure 43. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).    126
  • Figure 44. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).   127
  • Figure 45. Consumption of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).         128
  • Figure 46. Consumption of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).         129
  • Figure 47. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles/powders and nanopowders producers and suppliers.           130
  • Figure 48. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for copper oxide nanoparticles/powders.     135
  • Figure 49. Global consumption of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders (MT), 2010-2032.                136
  • Figure 50. Copper oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).  137
  • Figure 51. Copper oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%). 138
  • Figure 52. Consumption of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).         139
  • Figure 53. Consumption of copper oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).         140
  • Figure 54. Dendrimer structure. 145
  • Figure 55. Dendrimer schematic for application in biomedicine.  146
  • Figure 56. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for dendrimers.        148
  • Figure 57. Global consumption of dendrimers in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.            150
  • Figure 58. Dendrimers Market share 2021(%).     150
  • Figure 59. Dendrimers Market share 2032 (%).   151
  • Figure 60. Consumption of dendrimers by region 2021 (%)            152
  • Figure 61. Consumption of dendrimers by region 2032 (%)            153
  • Figure 62. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for fullerenes.           159
  • Figure 63. Global consumption of fullerenes in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.               160
  • Figure 64. Fullerenes Market share 2021(%).        161
  • Figure 65. Fullerenes Market share 2032 (%).      162
  • Figure 66. Consumption of fullerenes by region 2021 (%).              163
  • Figure 67. Consumption of fullerenes by region 2032 (%).              164
  • Figure 68. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for gold nanoparticles/powders.      170
  • Figure 69. Global consumption of gold nanoparticles in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.              172
  • Figure 70. Gold nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).   173
  • Figure 71. Gold nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).  174
  • Figure 72. Consumption of gold nanoparticles by region 2021 (%).             175
  • Figure 73. Consumption of gold nanoparticles by region 2032 (%).             176
  • Figure 74. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for graphene.            192
  • Figure 75. Consumption of graphene, 2018-2032, tons.   199
  • Figure 76. Graphene Market share 2021(%)          200
  • Figure 77. Graphene Market share 2032 (%)        201
  • Figure 78. Consumption of graphene by market, 2018-2032, by market (MTs).     202
  • Figure 79. Consumption of graphene by region 2021 (%).               204
  • Figure 80. Consumption of graphene by region 2032 (%) 205
  • Figure 81. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for iron oxide nanoparticles/powders.           219
  • Figure 82. Global consumption of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.                220
  • Figure 83. Iron oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%)          221
  • Figure 84. Iron oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).        222
  • Figure 85. Consumption of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%) 223
  • Figure 86. Consumption of iron oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).               224
  • Figure 87. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders.            231
  • Figure 88. Global consumption of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.                232
  • Figure 89. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).         233
  • Figure 90. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).        234
  • Figure 91. Consumption of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%). 235
  • Figure 92. Consumption of magnesium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%). 236
  • Figure 93. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders.            241
  • Figure 94. Global consumption of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.                 243
  • Figure 95. Manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).          243
  • Figure 96. Manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032(%)           244
  • Figure 97. Consumption of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%). 245
  • Figure 98. Consumption of manganese oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%). 246
  • Figure 99. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes by application.   257
  • Figure 100. Global consumption of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.  258
  • Figure 101. MWCNT Market share 2021(%)           261
  • Figure 102. MWCNT Market share 2032 (%)         262
  • Figure 103. Consumption of MWCNT by region 2021 (%).               264
  • Figure 104. Consumption of MWCNT by region 2032 (%).               265
  • Figure 105. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for nanoclays.         275
  • Figure 106. Global consumption of nanoclays in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.             276
  • Figure 107. Nanoclays Market share 2021(%).      277
  • Figure 108. Nanoclays Market share 2032(%).      278
  • Figure 109. Consumption of nanoclays by region 2021 (%).            279
  • Figure 110. Consumption of nanoclays by region 2032 (%).            280
  • Figure 111. Detonation Nanodiamond.   285
  • Figure 112. DND primary particles and properties.            286
  • Figure 113. Functional groups of Nanodiamonds.              287
  • Figure 114. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for nanodiamonds.              291
  • Figure 115. Global consumption of nanodiamonds in metric tonnes, 2010-2032    293
  • Figure 116. Nanodiamonds Market share 2021(%)             293
  • Figure 117. Nanodiamonds Market share 2032 (%)           294
  • Figure 118. Consumption of nanodiamonds by region 2021 (%).  295
  • Figure 119. Consumption of nanodiamonds by region 2032 (%).  296
  • Figure 120. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for nanofibers.       307
  • Figure 121. Nanofibers Market share 2021(%)     308
  • Figure 122. Nanofibers Market share 2032 (%)    309
  • Figure 123. Consumption of Nanofibers by region 2021 (%).         310
  • Figure 124. Consumption of Nanofibers by region 2032 (%).         311
  • Figure 125. Supply chain for nanosilver products.              318
  • Figure 126. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for nanosilver.        320
  • Figure 127. Global consumption of nanosilver in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.            321
  • Figure 128. Nanosilver Market share 2021(%).     322
  • Figure 129. Nanosilver Market share 2032(%)      323
  • Figure 130. Consumption of nanosilver by region 2021 (%).           323
  • Figure 131. Consumption of nanosilver by region 2032 (%).           324
  • Figure 132. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for nickel nanoparticles/powders. 329
  • Figure 133. Global consumption of nickel nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.     331
  • Figure 134. Nickel nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).              332
  • Figure 135. Nickel nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).             332
  • Figure 136. Consumption of nickel nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).     334
  • Figure 137. Consumption of nickel nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%)      334
  • Figure 138. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for quantum dots. 344
  • Figure 139. Global consumption of quantum dots in metric tonnes, 2018-2032.    345
  • Figure 140. Quantum dots Market share 2021(%).             346
  • Figure 141. Quantum dots Market share 2032 (%)             347
  • Figure 142. Consumption of quantum dots by region 2021 (%)     348
  • Figure 143. Consumption of quantum dots by region 2032 (%)     349
  • Figure 144. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders.    357
  • Figure 145. Global consumption  of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032         358
  • Figure 146. Silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).  358
  • Figure 147. Silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%). 359
  • Figure 148. Consumption of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).        360
  • Figure 149. Consumption of silicon oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).        361
  • Figure 150. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes.           373
  • Figure 151. Global consumption of SWCNTs in metric tonnes, 2018-2032.                376
  • Figure 152. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles/powders.              381
  • Figure 153. Global consumption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.                382
  • Figure 154. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).         383
  • Figure 155. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).        384
  • Figure 156. Consumption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%). 385
  • Figure 157. Consumption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%). 386
  • Figure 158. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders.         395
  • Figure 159. Global consumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tonnes, 2010-2032.             397
  • Figure 160. Zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).      397
  • Figure 161. Zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).     398
  • Figure 162. Consumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%).            400
  • Figure 163. Consumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%).            401
  • Figure 164. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders.             408
  • Figure 165. Global consumption of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders in metric tons, 2010-2032.       410
  • Figure 166. Zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2021(%).          410
  • Figure 167. Zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders Market share 2032 (%).         411
  • Figure 168. Consumption of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2021 (%)  412
  • Figure 169. Consumption of zirconium oxide nanoparticles/powders by region 2032 (%). 413
  • Figure 170. Schematic representation of carbon nanohorns.         419
  • Figure 171. Schematic illustration of three-chamber system for SWCNH production.          420
  • Figure 172. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals.               420
  • Figure 173. CNC preparation.      421
  • Figure 174. Extracting CNC from trees.   422
  • Figure 175. CNC slurry.   425
  • Figure 176: Schematic of Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). Alternating B and N atoms are shown in blue and red.                427
  • Figure 177. A pQLED device structure.    432
  • Figure 178. Perovskite quantum dots under UV light.       435
  • Figure 179. Carbon dots development.   436
  • Figure 180: Green-fluorescing graphene quantum dots. 438
  • Figure 181. Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDs. HRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1–4).      439
  • Figure 182. Graphene quantum dots.      441
  • Figure 183. Top-down and bottom-up methods. 442
  • Figure 184. Structures of nanomaterials based on dimensions.    448
  • Figure 185. Schematic of 2-D materials.  450
  • Figure 186. Graphene-based membrane dehumidification test cell.           493

 

 

 

 

 

 

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